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Four of 89 seats in the National Assembly of the Philippines | |||||||||||||||||||
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Four special elections (known elsewhere as "by-elections") to the National Assembly of the Philippines, the legislature of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, were done on September 1, 1936. These were to fill up vacancies from four seats.
The seats in the National Assembly were elected from single member districts, under the first-past-the-post voting system.
The following seats were up for election: [1]
The seat from Abra was vacated when incumbent Quintín Paredes was appointed Resident Commissioner to the United States, the Commonwealth of the Philippines's delegate in the United States Congress. [1]
| Candidate | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| Agapito Garduque | 3,320 | 47.19 |
| Jesus Paredes | 2,525 | 35.89 |
| Adolfo Brillantes | 1,190 | 16.92 |
| Total | 7,035 | 100.00 |
| Majority | 795 | 11.3 |
The seat from Ilocos Norte's 2nd district was vacated when assemblyman-elect Julio Nalundasan was shot at his home in Batac just right after the 1935 legislative election. [1] Nalundasan was murdered on September 20, 1935 while he was brushing his teeth. Ferdinand Marcos, the future president and son of Nalundasan's opponent Mariano, among others, was convicted of murder, but that was reversed on appeal years later. [2]
| Candidate | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| Ulpiano Arzadon | 7,452 | 68.90 |
| Mariano Marcos | 2,597 | 24.01 |
| Juan Root | 766 | 7.08 |
| Total | 10,815 | 100.00 |
| Majority | 4,855 | 44.89 |
The seat from Leyte's 4th district was vacated when incumbent Francisco Enage was appointed to be a member of the technical staff at Malacañang Palace. [1]
| Candidate | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| Norberto Romualdez | 7,033 | 76.32 |
| Antonio Marcos | 2,182 | 23.68 |
| Total | 9,215 | 100.00 |
| Majority | 4,851 | 52.64 |
The seat from Samar's 2nd district was vacated when incumbent Serafin Marabut was appointed to be undersecretary of finance and director of the Budget Office (now the Secretary of Budget and Management). [1]
| Candidate | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| Pascual Azanza | 4,722 | 59.34 |
| Leocaldo Tanseco | 3,236 | 40.66 |
| Total | 7,958 | 100.00 |
| Majority | 1,486 | 18.67 |
In the Philippines, provinces are one of its primary political and administrative divisions. There are 82 provinces at present, which are further subdivided into component cities and municipalities. The local government units in the National Capital Region, as well as independent cities, are independent of any provincial government. Each province is governed by an elected legislature called the Sangguniang Panlalawigan and an elected governor.
The House of Representatives is the lower house of Congress, the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, with the Senate of the Philippines as the upper house. The lower house is commonly referred to as Congress, although the term collectively refers to both houses.
The New Society Movement, formerly named the New Society Movement of United Nationalists, Liberals, et cetera, is a right-wing political party in the Philippines. It was first formed in 1978 as an umbrella coalition of parties supporting then-President Ferdinand E. Marcos for the Interim Batasang Pambansa and was his political vehicle during his 20-year regime. It was reorganized as a political party in 1986, and is the furthest to the right of the political spectrum among active parties after Marcos' ouster.
The legislative districts of Abra are the representations of the province of Abra in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its lone congressional district.
Mariano Marcos y Rubio was a lawyer, educator, and politician from Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. A Congressman from 1925 to 1931, he is best known for being the father of Ferdinand Marcos, who was President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986, and the grandfather of current senator Imee Marcos and the current 17th Philippine president Bongbong Marcos.
The Interim Batasang Pambansa was the legislature of the Republic of the Philippines from its inauguration on June 12, 1978, to June 5, 1984. It served as a transitional legislative body mandated by the 1973 Constitution as the Philippines shifted from a presidential to a semi-presidential form of government.
The legislative districts of Ilocos Norte are the representations of the province of Ilocos Norte in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first and second congressional districts.
The legislative districts of Ilocos Sur are the representations of the province of Ilocos Sur in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first and second congressional districts.
The 2007 Philippine House of Representatives elections were held on May 14, 2007, to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines to serve in the 14th Congress of the Philippines from June 30, 2007, until June 30, 2010. The Philippines uses parallel voting for seats in the House of Representatives.
Julio Nalundasan was a Filipino lawyer and politician who was one of the political rivals of Ilocos Norte politician Mariano Marcos, the father of Ferdinand Marcos.
The 2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections were held on May 10, 2010, to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines to serve in the 15th Congress of the Philippines from June 30, 2010, to June 30, 2013. The Philippines uses parallel voting for seats in the House of Representatives; a voter has two votes: one for a representative from one's legislative district, and another for a sectoral representative via closed lists under the party-list system, with a 2% election threshold and 3-seat cap, when the parties with 2% of the national vote or more not meeting the 20% of the total seats, parties with less than 2% of the vote will get one seat each until the 20% requirement is met.
There are a total of 77 retiring and term-limited congressmen after the 14th Congress. Congressmen who had served three consecutive terms are prohibited from running in the elections; they may run again in 2013 for the 16th Congress.
These are term limited and retiring members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines during the 16th Congress of the Philippines. Term limited members are prohibited from running in the 2016 elections; they may run for any other positions, or may wait until the 2016 elections.
The Marcos family is a political family in the Philippines. They have established themselves in the country's politics, having established a political dynasty that traces its beginnings to the 1925 election of Mariano Marcos to the Philippine House of Representatives as congressman for the second district of Ilocos Norte; reached its peak during the 21-year rule of Ferdinand Marcos as president of the Philippines that included his 14-year dictatorship beginning with the declaration of Martial Law throughout the country; continues today with the political careers of Imelda Marcos, Imee Marcos, and Sandro Marcos; and reached a fresh political apex with the presidency of Bongbong Marcos.
Philippines's 1st senatorial district, officially the First Senatorial District of the Philippine Islands, was one of the twelve senatorial districts of the Philippines in existence between 1916 and 1935. It elected two members to the Senate of the Philippines, the upper chamber of the bicameral Philippine Legislature under the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands for each of the 4th to 10th legislatures. The district was created under the 1916 Jones Law from the northern Luzon provinces of Batanes, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur and Isabela. Abra was added in 1917 upon its re-establishment as a regular province separate from Ilocos Sur.
Five special elections to the House of Representatives of the Philippines, the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines, were held on November 14, 1967, along with the 1967 Philippine Senate election and the 1967 Philippine constitutional plebiscite. These were for vacancies in the 6th Congress of the Philippines; the winners were to serve the rest of the term, which had ended on December 30, 1969. Political parties were allowed to field multiple candidates per district; the Nacionalista Party won in all districts.