2007 Croatian parliamentary election

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2007 Croatian parliamentary election
Flag of Croatia.svg
  2003 25 November 2007 2011  

All 153 seats in the Croatian Parliament
77 seats needed for a majority
Turnout59.48% (Decrease2.svg 2.17pp)
PartyLeaderVote %Seats+/–
HDZ Ivo Sanader 36.62660
SDP Zoran Milanović 31.3356+22
HNS-LD Vesna Pusić 6.797−3
HSS HSLS  coalition Josip Friščić 6.538−6
HSU–DSU Vladimir Jordan 4.081−2
HSP Anto Đapić 3.501−7
HDSSB Branimir Glavaš 1.803New
IDS Ivan Jakovčić 1.543−1
Minority lists
SDSS Vojislav Stanimirović 62.5630
MESZ Deneš Šoja 47.831+1
SDAH Šemso Tanković 30.8510
MRUH Nafiz Memedi 12.761New
Independents 2+1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
2007 Croatian parliamentary election map.svg
Result by constituency
Prime Minister beforePrime Minister after
Ivo Sanader
HDZ
Ivo Sanader
HDZ

Parliamentary elections were held in Croatia on 25 November 2007 and for overseas voters on 24 and 25 November. [1] The campaign officially started on 3 November. The President of Croatia announced elections on 17 October and 14 days were allowed for candidate lists to be submitted.

Contents

Elections were held in 10 electoral districts inside Croatia (each providing 14 members of parliament), [2] one electoral district for Croatian citizens living abroad (with a maximum 12 members of parliament), and one electoral district for national minorities (8 members of parliament). Candidate lists have to win more than 5% of the votes in at least one electoral district in order to be represented in the parliament. 4,478,386 people in total were eligible to vote, 405,092 of whom are in the diaspora, 280,000 living in Bosnia-Herzegovina. [3] [4]

To prevent possible electoral fraud, such as votes from the deceased, or people voting twice in different locations, the Croatians outside Croatia who were eligible to vote had to register no later than 14 days before the election.

In three locales, the election were repeated on 9 December 2007; while this could not and did not change the final result as far as mandates are concerned, it meant the final result became known only on 11 December 2007. [5]

The governing centre-right Croatian Democratic Union emerged as the relative winner of the election, but failed to obtain an outright majority. The opposition centre-left Social Democratic Party of Croatia achieved their best result ever as a party, but were unsuccessful in their attempt to become the strongest single party. The election resulted in the formation of the Sanader II cabinet supported by HDZ, HSS, HSLS and the representatives of national minorities.

Participating parties

Croatian political parties and independent lists had to formally submit their candidates and eventual pre-election coalitions not later than 30 October. 3585 people from political parties or independent lists applied for the elections (22 people per seat). There were 235 political party lists, 16 independent lists and 72 candidates for minority seats. 29.93% of the candidates were women. The average age of the candidates was 43.41 years old; 44.70 for men, and 40.40 for women. The oldest candidate was 89, and the youngest 18. The State Electoral Committee had to confirm the lists before midnight of 2 November. [6] [7]

Parliamentary parties and coalitions

Parliamentary parties are with bolded acronyms.

[8]

Non-parliamentary parties

[8]

Non-parliamentary coalitions

Independent Lists

Distribution of minority seats

Announced boycotts

Election spending

On 11 December 2007 GONG and Transparency International Croatia had published media spending of all Croatian political parties during the election period. This numbers are :

Electoral districts

The 10 districts, with the two non-geographical ones Jedinice.svg
The 10 districts, with the two non-geographical ones

Since 1999 Croatia has been divided into 10 geographically-based electorates with around 250 000 - 300 000 registered voters. Each electorate elects up to 14 MPs chosen by the standard D'Hondt formula. [2]

In the 11th electorate, up to 12 members are chosen by proportional representation - depending on a number of voters in Croatia - to represent Croatian citizens residing abroad (known as the diaspora electorate) and 8 members from ethnic/national minorities.

In Croatia, the official threshold is 5% for parties and coalitions. However, since the country is divided in 10 voting districts with 14 elected representatives each, sometimes the threshold can be higher, depending on the number of "fallen lists" (lists that don't get at least 5%). If many votes are lost in this manner, a list that gets barely more than 5% will still get a seat, whereas if there is a small number of parties that all pass the threshold, the actual ("natural") threshold is close to 7.15%.

This system is greatly favorable to regional parties, i.e. parties that gain their votes in a single electorate (see IDS, HDSSB), and it is disfavorable to parties that have greater numbers but are widespread throughout the nation (see HSU and HSP).

This made also the forming of post-electoral coalitions somewhat unpredictable, as the overall success of one of the greatest parties can effectively turn out to be counterproductive if it is achieved at the expense of their foreseeable partner, causing them to not pass the threshold in some or all electorates (it happened to the HDZ-led coalition in previous 2003 election).[ citation needed ]

Opinion polls

DatePolling Organisation/ClientSample sizeHDZ SDP HNS-LD HSS HSP HSLS HSU OtherUndecidedLead
11/2007 Puls 1,30032.5%33.4%5.9%6.6%3.8%(HSS-HSLS)4.8%0.9%
11/2007 Media Metar 1,30033.9%36.2%6.8%5.4%5.2%(HSS-HSLS)5.7%2.3%
11/2007 CRO Demoskop 1,30028.5%31.2%5.2%5.5%4.6%(HSS-HSLS)6.2%2.7%
10/2007 Puls 1,30028.7%30.9%5.1%5.6%5.0%(HSS-HSLS)5.9%2.2%
10/2007 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.4%30.1%5.8%7.3%6.4%(HSS-HSLS)6.0%3.7%
9/2007 Puls 1,30026.5%31.6%5.3%5.9%6.9%(HSS-HSLS)6.5%5.1%
9/2007 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.6%29.2%5.6%7.8%6.8%(HSS-HSLS)5.6%3.6%
8/2007 Puls 1,30024%29%5%9%8%(HSS-HSLS)8%5.0%
7/2007 Puls 1,30025.5%30.1%5.8%6.8%7.6%(HSS-HSLS)6.4%4.6%
6/2007 Puls 1,30023.2%30.0%6.3%5.1%9.0%(HSS-HSLS)6.9%6.8%
5/2007 Puls 1,30024.5%28.7%8.5%6.4%7.3%(HSS-HSLS)6.5%4.2%
4/2007 Puls 1,30023.1%20.4%9.1%10.4%8.5%(HSS-HSLS)7.6%2.7%
3/2007 Puls 1,30022.8%18.8%10.4%7.7%6.6%3.8%7.6%4.0%
2/2007 Puls 1,30023.4%19.5%9%9.6%8.8%4.2%6.3%3.9%
12/2006 Puls 1,30021%16%9%10%8%5%6%5.0%
12/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30023.9%24.3%8.6%6.4%8.2%3.5%5.2%13.7%0.4%
10/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.1%25.7%8.6%5.9%8.0%4.5%5.1%10.4%0.4%
9/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.4%25.5%7.9%5.8%8.1%4.1%5.0%11.3%0.9%
8/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.3%25.2%8.1%5.7%8.1%4.0%5.1%11.1%1.1%
7/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.2%25.3%8.1%5.2%8.2%3.9%4.8%12.4%0.9%
6/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.2%26.1%7.6%5.4%8.2%3.9%5.1%11.7%0.1%
5/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.0%26.7%6.9%5.4%8.0%3.7%4.8%13.4%1.7%
4/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.2%27.5%7.3%4.3%8.0%3.5%4.1%13.5%2.3%
3/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.8%26.5%6.7%5.6%8.5%4.6%5.1%12.5%0.7%
2/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.4%25.5%7.4%5.7%9.3%4.6%3.9%11.8%0.9%
1/2006 CRO Demoskop 1,30024.1%26.3%7.2%5.4%10.4%3.5%4.0%14.2%2.2%
12/2005 Puls 1,00019.4%22.2%5.7%9.7%14.2%4.5%7.9%2.8%
12/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30021.6%26.9%6.6%5.2%12.2%2.9%4.1%14.1%5.3%
11/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30024.9%26.8%7%4.7%11%2.6%3.7%13.4%1.9%
10/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.5%25.1%7.3%5.1%11.7%2%3.7%12.1%0.4%
9/2005 Mediana fides 1,00626.9%34.1%--12.7%--7.2%
9/2005 Puls 20.0%22.0%7.0%8.0%13.0%4.0%10.0%2.0%
9/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30024.4%25.6%8.1%4.7%11.6%2.2%3.6%12.1%1.2%
8/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30024.8%25.4%8%5.1%10.9%2.8%3.1%12.2%0.6%
7/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.4%25.3%7.3%5.2%10.8%2.4%3.2%11.8%0.1%
6/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.3%24.8%6.8%6.5%10.8%2.1%3.6%13%0.5%
5/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30025.3%25%7.3%6.2%10.8%2.5%3.5%10.7%0.3%
4/2005 Mediana -13.8%19.8%3.4%2.5%7%--6.0%
4/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30026.2%26%8.2%5.6%9.3%2.4%2.1%13.7%0.2%
3/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30027.1%26.8%8.7%4.9%9.7%2.1%2.1%13.4%0.3%
2/2005 Večernji list 1,30024.6%26.7%9.8%-8.3%--3.1%
2/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30027.7%27.4%9.9%5.6%8%2.4%1.5%12.2%0.3%
1/2005 CRO Demoskop 1,30027.1%25.8%9.3%6.6%8.1%3%1.2%14.4%1.3%
12/2004 CRO Demoskop 1,30027.4%25%10.3%4,8%7.1%4.2%1.2%14.1%2.4%
11/2004 Večernji list 1,30022.8%22.4%-----0.4%
11/2004 CRO Demoskop 1,30028.2%24.2%9.6%5.1%8.2%2.8%2%13,9%4.0%
10/2004 Večernji list 1,30027.0%18.9%-----7.1%
7/2004 Promocija plus 1,30033.3%23.2%10.5%4.2%3.0%7.32.1%10.1%
6/2004 Promocija plus 1,30031.8%22.8%-----9.0%
3/2004 Promocija plus 1,30032.9%21.6%8.5%3.3%6.5%1.5%3.8%11.3%
2/2004 Promocija plus 1,30031.9%18.9%10.5%4.2%4.4%-4.4%13.0%
23 Nov 2003 parliamentary election 2,478,96733.9%22.6%8.0%7.2%6.4%4.0%4.0%N/A11.3%

Results

Results by municipality

.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}
HDZ

SDP

HNS-LD

HSS-HSLS-PGS-ZDS-ZS

IDS

SDSS

HDSSB

HSP Parlamentarni izbori u Hrvatskoj 2007.png
Results by municipality
   HDZ
   SDP
   HNS–LD
   HSSHSLSPGSZDSZS
   IDS
   SDSS
   HDSSB
   HSP
Croatian Democratic Union result Croatia Election Results 2007 HDZ.png
Croatian Democratic Union result
Social Democratic Party result Croatia Election Results 2007 SDP.png
Social Democratic Party result
HSS-HSLS result Croatia Election Results 2007 HSS HSLS.png
HSSHSLS result
Croatian People's Party result Croatia Election Results 2007 HNS.png
Croatian People's Party result

Most opinion polls in the days before the election predicted a very tight race between the governing Croatian Democratic Union and the opposition Social Democratic Party of Croatia. On the night of the election, after all the polls around the country closed, all major television networks released the results of the exit polls. All of them showed the social democrats with a slight lead. [10] None of the exit polls, however, took into account the votes coming from the citizens living abroad, which tend to vote for the more conservative option. The first official results published at 9 p.m. showed HDZ with a slight lead. [11] Ivo Sanader gave a victory speech close to midnight saying he will be forming the next government. Despite the election loss, SDP individually as a party achieved its best result ever, even better than the 2000 election result when SDP led a victorious coalition. Most smaller parties lost seats, the Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats lost 4 seats from the 2003 election, the Croatian Peasant Party also lost 4 seats and the far-right Croatian Party of Rights suffered its worst election results since the 1990s losing 7 seats and winning only 1.[ citation needed ]

National minorities elected 8 representatives through a separate election system: Milorad Pupovac (25,3% of votes), Vojislav Stanimirović (21,5%) and Ratko Gajica (15,8%) for the Serb national minority, Deneš Šoja (47,8%) for the Hungarian minority, Furio Radin (88,8%) for the Italian minority, Zdenka Čuhnil (26%) for the Czech and Slovak minorities, Nazif Memedi (12,8%) for the Austrian, Bulgarian, German, Jewish, Polish, Roma, Romanian, Rusyn, Russian, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vlach minorities and Šemso Tanković (30,9%) for the Albanian, Bosniak, Macedonian, Montenegrin and Slovene minorities.

PartyVotes%Seats
Croatian Democratic Union 907,74336.6266
Social Democratic Party 776,69031.3356
Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats 168,4406.797
HSSHSLSZSZDSPGS 161,8146.538
HSU–DSU101,0914.081
Croatian Party of Rights 86,8653.501
Croatian Democratic Alliance of Slavonia and Baranja 44,5521.803
Istrian Democratic Assembly 38,2671.543
Democratic Centre–Greens21,9290.880
SU–ISDNS21,8820.880
Croatian Youth Party16,2470.660
Only Croatia – Movement for Croatia 15,9020.640
Women's Democratic Party–Greens of Croatia10,0990.410
LJEVICASRPHSDISDF 9,8550.400
Independent Democratic Serb Party 9,1150.370
Croatian Pure Party of Rights 8,9430.360
Authentic Croatian Peasant Party 7,8470.320
ASH–JSD–DSŽ–ZS–HRS 7,3540.300
Green List 5,9720.240
Youth Action 5,0960.210
HKDS–KSU3,3700.140
Alphabet of Democracy2,9050.120
Croatian Rights–Croatian Rights Movement2,6970.110
PGSSBHS–MDS–DLS 1,8960.080
Economic Party1,7840.070
Democratic Party of the Slavonian Plain1,6260.070
Croatian Christian Democratic Union 1,5750.060
Croatian Democratic Peasant Party 1,5530.060
Croatian Party of the Unemployed1,1320.050
Croatian Christian Democratic Party1,1040.040
Croatian European Party7670.030
Croatian Assembly5880.020
Green Alternative–Consumer Party5050.020
Croatian Demochristians4170.020
Homeland Civic Party3900.020
My Little Međimurje3460.010
Rule of Law Alliance2940.010
Croatian Veterans' Party2860.010
Independents30,1061.210
National minorities8
Total2,479,044100.00153
Valid votes2,479,04498.54
Invalid/blank votes36,6271.46
Total votes2,515,671100.00
Registered voters/turnout4,229,68159.48
Source: State Election Committee [12]

Turnout

Election turnout for each electoral district Croatia Election Turnout 2007.png
Election turnout for each electoral district
districtIIIIIIIVVVIVIIVIIIIXXXItotal
Total voters361,236399,648366,005335,091372,163356,575403,812385,594426,199416,017404,9504,227,290
Votes cast243,980254,571249,111211,839216,335224,986264,795240,250259,018264,19390,4822,519,560
Valid votes243,480254,269249,041211,426215,937224,554264,232239,987258,593263,37290,4022,515,293
Turnout67.4%63.6%68.0%63.1%58.0%63.0%65.4%62.2%60.7%63.3%22.3%59.5%
Source:[ citation needed ]

By electoral district

districtIIIIIIIVVVIVIIVIIIIXX
HDZ 31.03%31.83%23.85%31.20%42.75%34.23%35.14%21.16%52.09%44.54%
SDP 42.07%33.33%30.79%26.80%26.69%36.08%36.90%40.99%22.63%28.27%
HNS 6.43%4.47%25.34%4.64%4.31%5.42%5.52%5.21%3.79%4.83%
HSSHSLS 4.38%16.53%9.95%4.04%5.54%8.27%6.49%2.93%3.29%5.71%
HSU 4.87%4.29%3.53%4.89%3.71%4.44%4.53%5.85%3.38%3.03%
HSP 2.40%2.93%1.67%7.98%5.19%3.44%3.25%1.81%3.43%3.49%
HDSSB 15.23%6.00%
IDS 16.18%
Source:[ citation needed ]

Government formation

On night of the elections, after first seat projections were announced, the president of the Croatian Democratic Union announced that he spoke with the President of the Republic and that he will be forming the government. [13] A few minutes after him, the president of the Social Democratic Party informed the public that he too spoke with president and that he too was commencing the formation of the government. [13]

President Mesić explained that his constitutional obligation was to give a mandate to form a government to a person who presents him with convincing proof that they have support of a majority of the newly elected parliament. [14] As the president failed to announce that he will give the mandate to Ivo Sanader, leader of the party with the most seats in the parliament, he was criticised by many [15] [16] [17] for complicating the situation and starting a political crisis. President Mesić responded that he was following article 97 of the Constitution of Croatia. [15]

HDZ, together with HSU [18] and Roma national minority member Nazif Memedi [19] had 68 of 77 seats required for a majority while SDP, HNS, IDS [20] and SDA [21] together had 67 seats. Therefore, the HSS-HSLS coalition which had 8 seats was instrumental in forming a government. [22] Before the elections, leaders of the coalition stated that they will first speak with the party which wins the most seats (not counting diaspora seats). [22] As this turned out to be HDZ, negotiations between HDZ and HSS-HSLS of a coalition started on 3 December. [23]

Although HSS-HSLS started negotiating with HDZ, the president of SDP Milanović refused to give up and still claimed that SDP was also in a process of forming of a government because SDP, HNS, IDS and SDA won 150 thousand votes more than HDZ (not counting diaspora). [24] HDSSB had declared support for SDP [25] if SDP-formed government will work "in the interest of Slavonia and Baranja", [26] but Milanović stated that he firmly believed that SDP will form the government even without support from HDSSB. Although up until 25 November Ljubo Jurčić still claimed that he was SDP's candidate for premier, [27] on 30 November Milanović announced that he was assuming responsibility for forming SDP-led government. Jurčić confirmed that he thinks that "responsibility for functioning of the government should be distributed among heads of parties and that is the best concept in this circumstances". [28] Heads of HSS-HSLS coalition Adlešič and Friščić declared this decision to be "very important and could influence their decision about who they will support". Adlešić added that Milanović is "much better premier candidate than Jurčić and that SDP would probably have better election results if Milanović made this decision earlier". [29]

On 12 December it was announced that coalition talks between HDZ and the HSS-HSLS were close to completion and the odds of HSS-HSLS entering into discussions with SDP were announced by Božidar Pankretić as very low. [30] Three days later, President Mesić held a second round of consultations with parliamentary parties and was reassured that HDZ and HSS-HSLS are finishing their negotiations. Mesić considered that a proof that Sanader had support of the majority of Sabor and handed him a mandate to form a government. [31] Following that announcement, Milanović again reiterated that SDP still hasn't given up on forming a government. Sanader described this behaviour as "not fitting the democratic standards" and that president would have much easier job if SDP just acknowledged their defeat. [31]

The first session of the newly elected parliament was called for 11 January 2008, [32] and on 12 January, the parliament approved Sanader's cabinet. [33]

Government   Opposition
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
Government:  HDZ   HSS   HSLS  Minorities
Opposition:  SDP   HNS   IDS   HDSSB   HSU   HSP

Notes

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    References

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    3. (in Croatian) Središnji državni ured za upravu: Pravo glasa na parlamentarnim izborima ostvaruje 4 478 386 birača Archived 21 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
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    27. (in Croatian) dnevnik.hr: Jurčić: 'Ja sam budući hrvatski premijer' Archived 17 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine
    28. (in Croatian) dnevnik.hr: SDP maknuo Jurčića da privuče HSS-HSLS? Archived 14 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine
    29. (in Croatian) dnevnik.hr: Adlešič: Promjena Milanović-Jurčić može utjecati na našu odluku Archived 14 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine
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    32. BalkanInsight.com - Croatia's New Parliament Convened
    33. Croatian parliament approves PM Sanader's cabinet - Boston.com