2023 African Great Lakes floods

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The 2023 African Great Lakes floods are floods in April and May 2023 that have killed hundreds of people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda. [1] [2] [3]

Contents

Background.

Pedestrians and motorists risk their lives to transport passengers in a flooded road in Kigali on 28 January 2020 Pedestrians and motorists risk their lives to transport passengers in a flooded road in Kigali on 28 January 2020. Emmanuel Kwizera.jpg
Pedestrians and motorists risk their lives to transport passengers in a flooded road in Kigali on 28 January 2020

Frequent heavy rains causing damage and casualties between March and May are common in East Africa – in May 2020 around 80 people were killed by floods in Rwanda. Floods and droughts have increased in Rwanda over a 30-year period. [4] Rwanda's weather authority attributes the unusual rainfall patterns to climate change. [5]

In 2023, several rounds of heavy rain saturated the ground, increasing the likelihood of flooding. Between January and April 2023, the Ministry of Emergency Management reported that weather-related disasters caused 60 fatalities, destroyed over 1,205 homes and damaged 5,000 acres of land across Rwanda. [1] On 2 May, the Rwanda Meteorology Agency predicted above-average forecast rainfall for the next 10 days. [6]

Uganda also experienced heavy rain beginning in March, which caused landslides that destroyed homes and displaced hundreds of people. [2]

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Kalehe floods 2023 South Kivu, DRC: The Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary General in the DRC Bintou Keita was in Kalehe in South Kivu on 18 May 2023, where a natural disaster claimed the lives of several people on 4 May 2023. She was accompanied by the MONUSCO Police commissioner, the Head of office of MONUSCO in South Kivu as well as senior leadership of other UN agencies in the DRC. She visited the scene of the incident and met with local authorities and survivors. Photo MONUSCO/Michael Ali Kalehe floods 2023 A07I7268 (52906607850).jpg
Kalehe floods 2023 South Kivu, DRC: The Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary General in the DRC Bintou Keita was in Kalehe in South Kivu on 18 May 2023, where a natural disaster claimed the lives of several people on 4 May 2023. She was accompanied by the MONUSCO Police commissioner, the Head of office of MONUSCO in South Kivu as well as senior leadership of other UN agencies in the DRC. She visited the scene of the incident and met with local authorities and survivors. Photo MONUSCO/Michael Ali

At least 440 people were killed and over 2,500 others were left missing by floods in the villages of Bushushu and Nyamukubi in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo since 5 May. [7] [8] [9] In response to the flooding, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Félix Tshisekedi announced a national day of mourning for 8 May. [8] Two landslides hit North Kivu Province, killing ten people in Lubero and at least six people at the Songambele mine, and leaving dozens of miners missing. 100 workers were at the mine at the time of the landslide. [10] [11]

Rwanda

2023 Rwanda floods
ECDM 20230510 FL DRC Rwanda (cropped main).jpg
ECDM 20230510 FL DRC Rwanda (cropped main)
DateApril-May 2023
Locationnorth-western Rwanda
Deaths130 individuals as of May 3, 2023

The 2023 Rwanda floods occurred in April and May 2023. Heavy rain caused flooding and landslides in north-western Rwanda. In late April and early May, the Rwanda Metrology Agency predicted rainfall between 50mm and 200mm across the country within the first 10 days of May. In the north-western region, heavy rain ranging from 175mm to 200mm was anticipated.

Particularly heavy rain started around 16:00 UTC (6 p.m. local time) on 2 May 2023 and continued throughout the night, killing at least 135 people. [2] [12] [13] Landslides also caused roads to be closed on 2 May. [14] At least one person was missing, 110 people were injured and 20,000 people were displaced. [12] The Sebeya River burst its banks. [2] The most affected areas in Rwanda were Rutsiro, Nyabihu, Rubavu, and Ngororero. [2] The Karongi district was also affected, with forecasts indicating that Rurindo, Gakenke and Gicumbi Districts were also likely to experience similarly heavy rains in the following days. [15] According to François Habitegeko, the governor of Rwanda's Western Province, people were crushed by the collapse of several houses; landslides made the main roads in the area impassable and flooded fields. [16] [17] Most of the deaths in Western Province were near Lake Kivu. [16] 4,100 livestock were killed as well. [6] Floods also affected Rwanda's Northern and Southern Provinces. [16] [18] Landslides and flooding destroyed 26 bridges and 17-20 roads, 12 power stations, eight water treatment plants, five health centers, two health posts, and a hospital. 5,100-5,963 homes were destroyed and an additional 2,500 were damaged. [12] [19]

Marie-Solange Kayisire, the Minister of Emergency Management, said that relief efforts started immediately. However, continued disruptions by heavy rain hampered efforts to help bury victims of the floods and to provide supplies to victims whose homes were inundated. [20] According to Governor Habitegeko, some people were rescued and transported to hospitals. [2] The Red Cross assisted with relief efforts. [2] Kayisire called on local residents to increase patrols, especially at night. [16]

Rwandan Prime Minister Edouard Ngirente attended a burial service in Rubavu District on May 4, where he said that authorities would "continue to ensure that you [victims] have shelter and basic needs". [14] [21]

The Government established a command center. [22] to coordinate relief efforts [23] by deploying a team of rescue officials from affected provinces The ministry of emergency and Management, The ministry of local government and the police and provided medical treatment for those who were affected , provided food and shelter [24] The humanitarian organization like HOT , through Open Street Map Rwanda supported with tools like FMTM and youth involvement in data collection to facilitate the Districts in future data driven decision making , Red Cross Rwanda [25] Organizations provided funds for The rapid response from FAO ,WFP, WHO. [26] The emergency relief coordinator Martin Griffiths has allocated $1.5 millions from the central emergency response fund CFRF to support the government led response [27]

Many flood victims were buried in mass burials. [28]

Uganda

Flooding in Bwaise a Kampala Suburb Kampala Flooding.jpg
Flooding in Bwaise a Kampala Suburb

From 24 April to 3 May, at least 18 people were killed in Uganda, including five members of a family who were killed in a landslide; three were injured and three were left missing by floods. Heavy rain caused flooding and landslides in Kasese, Mbale and Rukungiri Districts. Many houses were damaged or destroyed in the country. [3] [29] On 17 May, the National Environment Management Authority of Uganda said that 23 people died and 16 were injured due to landslides and floods in Ntokoro and Kigezi Districts. The Katonga River flooded and submerged Uganda's major trans-national road. [30]

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The Kivu conflict is an umbrella term for a series of protracted armed conflicts in the North Kivu and South Kivu provinces in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo which have occurred since the end of the Second Congo War. Including neighboring Ituri province, there are more than 120 different armed groups active in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Currently, some of the most active rebel groups include the Allied Democratic Forces, the Cooperative for the Development of the Congo, the March 23 Movement, and many local Mai Mai militias. In addition to rebel groups and the governmental FARDC troops, a number of national and international organizations have intervened militarily in the conflict, including the United Nations force known as MONUSCO, and an East African Community regional force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">M23 rebellion</span> 2012–2013 conflict in the DRC

The M23 rebellion was an armed conflict in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), that occurred between the March 23 Movement and government forces between 4 April 2012 and 7 November 2013. It ended when a peace agreement was made among eleven African nations, and the M23 troops surrendered in Uganda. The rebellion was part of continued fighting in the region after the formal end of the Second Congo War in 2003. The conflict reignited in late 2021 after rebel "general" Sultani Makenga and 100 rebel fighters attacked the border town of Bunagana but failed. A few months later, with a much larger force, the rebels of the M23 movement renewed their attack and captured Bunagana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Allied Democratic Forces insurgency</span> Islamist insurgency in the DR Congo and Uganda

The Allied Democratic Forces insurgency is an ongoing conflict waged by the Allied Democratic Forces in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, against the governments of those two countries and the MONUSCO. The insurgency began in 1996, intensifying in 2013, resulting in hundreds of deaths. The ADF is known to currently control a number of hidden camps which are home to about 2,000 people; in these camps, the ADF operates as a proto-state with "an internal security service, a prison, health clinics, and an orphanage" as well as schools for boys and girls.

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The 2019–2020 Congo River floods resulted from torrential rains from October 2019 to January 2020 that caused the overflow of the Congo and Ubangi rivers, floods and landslides throughout the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Republic of Congo (RoC) and led to the displacement of hundreds of thousands of people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 China floods</span> Floods in China in 2021

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 Niger floods</span> Flooding in Niger

In 2021, Niger has been affected by subsequent floods due to heavy rains, causing several deaths and widespread damage nationwide. Niamey is the most affected area. At least 62 people died, 60 were injured and 105,690 individuals have been affected by the floods. Most fatalities were reported in Maradi Region with 18 deaths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Africa floods</span> Historical Event

Throughout 2022, floods affected most of Africa, killing over 2,100 people. The worst affected country was Nigeria, with over 610 deaths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Bukavu floods</span> Flooding in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2022

In early 2022, heavy rain caused large floods to hit the city of Bukavu, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">M23 offensive (2022–present)</span> Conflict in the DR Congo

In late March 2022, the March 23 Movement (M23), supported by Rwanda, launched an offensive in North Kivu against the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) and MONUSCO. The fighting displaced hundreds of thousands of civilians and caused renewed tensions between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda tensions (2022–present)</span> Ongoing military tensions between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda

Beginning in 2022, tensions heightened between the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Rwanda, marking a significant breakdown in relations between the two countries. Amid this, Rwandan forces have crossed into the DRC multiple times, usually fighting alongside Congolese rebels.

On the night of 6 and 7 September 2022, 15 people were killed when heavy rain caused multiple landslides in the Kasese District of Uganda.

Events in the year 2023 in Rwanda.

Events of the year 2023 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

From February to late-December 2023, floods killed over 2,600 people in 15 countries across Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Rio Grande do Sul floods</span> Natural disaster in Brazil in September 2023

In September 2023, heavy rainfall and strong winds from an extratropical cyclone resulted in the deaths of at least 47 people in Rio Grande do Sul state of Brazil, 940 injured, and caused $1.3 million in damage. Flooding also impacted several municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul, including Bento Gonçalves, Caxias do Sul, Ibiraiaras, Lajeado do Bugre, Nova Bassano, Santo Expedito do Sul, and São Jorge. The floods also prompted a state of emergency to be declared in the state by governor Eduardo Leite.

Events of the year 2024 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

References

  1. 1 2 Ssuuna, Ignatius (3 May 2023). "Floods from heavy rainfall kill at least 129 in Rwanda". Associated Press .
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Girinema, Philbert (3 May 2023). "Heavy rain, floods kill at least 109 in Rwanda, six in Uganda". Reuters .
  3. 1 2 "Uganda – Deadly Floods and Landslides in Kasese, Mbale and Rukungiri". floodlist.com. 3 May 2023.
  4. ↑ "Rwanda". Climate Knowledge Portal Worldbank.
  5. ↑ "Rwanda floods and landslides kill more than 100 people". BBC News . 3 May 2023.
  6. 1 2 Nkurunziza, Michel (3 May 2023). "Over 100 dead as rain ravages Northern, Western provinces". The New Times.
  7. ↑ "UNICEF DRC Humanitarian Situation Report No. 1 (Flooding in Kalehe Territory): 13 May 2023". Reliefweb. 15 May 2023.
  8. 1 2 "DR Congo floods death toll surpasses 400". Al Jazeera. 7 May 2023.
  9. ↑ "At least 176 people killed in eastern DR Congo floods". Al Jazeera. 5 May 2023.
  10. ↑ "DR Congo – Many Feared Missing After Landslide in North Kivu". floodlist.com. 9 May 2023.
  11. ↑ "At least 16 people killed in multiple landslides in eastern DRC". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  12. 1 2 3 "135 killed, over 20K displaced in recent flooding, landslides in Rwanda". The Statesman.
  13. ↑ "22 people killed in Somalia floods". The Guardian . 14 May 2023.
  14. 1 2 "Death toll from Rwanda flash floods rises to 127". Al Jazeera. 2023-05-03. Retrieved 2024-02-03.
  15. ↑ "Rwanda's devastating floods, landslides deaths rise to 130". The East African. 2023-05-04. Retrieved 2024-02-03.
  16. 1 2 3 4 "Over 100 killed in Rwanda floods". Daily Monitor . 3 May 2023.
  17. ↑ "Rwanda – Dozens Dead After Floods and Landslides in Western and Northern Provinces – FloodList". floodlist.com.
  18. ↑ "Over 100 dead as heavy rainfall triggers devastating floods in Rwanda". Hindustan Times . 3 May 2023.
  19. ↑ "Rwanda Floods Kill 130, Destroy Over 5,000 Houses". US News & World Report . Reuters. May 4, 2023.
  20. ↑ "Flooding, landslides kill over 100 people in Rwanda". Deutsche Welle . 3 May 2023.
  21. ↑ "Survivor of Rwanda Floods: 'We Struggled to Cling to Anything'". Voice of America. 2023-05-04. Retrieved 2024-02-03.
  22. ↑ Nkurunziza, Michel (2023-05-04). "Rwanda Sets Up Command Centre to Coordinate Flood Disaster Interventions". The New Times. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
  23. ↑ Nkurunziza, Michel (2023-05-03). "Rwanda sets up command centre to coordinate flood disaster interventions". The New Times. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
  24. ↑ Princewill, Duarte Mendonca,Nimi (2023-05-03). "Floods in western Rwanda kill at least 127 people". CNN. Retrieved 2024-02-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  25. ↑ "IFRC GO". go.ifrc.org. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
  26. ↑ "Allocation summary | CERF". cerf.un.org. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
  27. ↑ "Rwanda: Floods and Landslides - May 2023 | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 2023-09-08. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
  28. ↑ "65 killed as heavy rains trigger floods, landslides". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-02-03.
  29. ↑ Caroline Kimeu (9 May 2023). "More than 400 people now confirmed dead after flooding in DRC". The Guardian .
  30. ↑ "ECHO Daily Map of 17 May 2023. 17 May 2023 - Uganda - Floods and landslides". Emergency Response Coordination Centre. 17 May 2023. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
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