2937 Gibbs

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2937 Gibbs
Discovery  [1]
Discovered by E. Bowell
Discovery site Anderson Mesa Stn.
Discovery date14 June 1980
Designations
(2937) Gibbs
Named after
 Josiah Willard Gibbs   [2]
(American scientist)
1980 LA
Mars-crosser   [1] [3]  · Phocaea   [4] [5]
Orbital characteristics   [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 36.75 yr (13,424 days)
Aphelion 3.0232 AU
Perihelion 1.6160 AU
2.3196 AU
Eccentricity 0.3033
3.53 yr (1,290 days)
161.70°
0° 16m 44.4s / day
Inclination 21.758°
265.72°
71.849°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions5.04±1.43 km [6]
5.99±1.20 km [7]
6.35 km (calculated) [4]
3.06±0.05 h [8]
3.06153±0.00006 h [8]
3.189±0.003 h [9] [lower-alpha 1]
0.23 (assumed) [4]
0.283±0.113 [7]
0.30±0.13 [6]
S   [4]
13.10 [7]  ·13.2 [1] [4]  ·13.42 [6]

    2937 Gibbs, provisional designation 1980 LA, is a stony Phocaea asteroid and Mars-crosser from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 14 June 1980, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona. [3] The asteroid was named after American scientist Josiah Willard Gibbs. [2]

    Contents

    Orbit and classification

    Gibbs is a Mars-crossing asteroid, as it crosses the orbit of Mars at 1.666  AU. [1] [3] It is also an eccentric member of the Phocaea family, [4] [5] a large asteroid family of stony asteroids in the inner main-belt. [10] : 23 Gibbs orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.6–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 6 months (1,290 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.30 and an inclination of 22° with respect to the ecliptic. [1]

    The asteroid's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Anderson Mesa. No prior identifications were made and no precoveries taken. [3]

    Physical characteristics

    Gibbs is an assumed stony S-type asteroid, which agrees with the overall spectral type of the Phocaea family. [10] : 23 

    Rotation period

    In 2005, two rotational lightcurves of Gibbs were obtained from photometric observations by Italian amateur astronomers Federico Manzini and Roberto Crippa. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 3.06 and 3.06153 hours with a brightness variation of 0.31 and 0.39 magnitude, respectively ( U=2/3- ). [8] In December 2016, Robert Stephens obtained a well-defined lightcurve at his Trojan Station ( U81 ) that gave a period of 3.189 hours and an amplitude of 0.26 magnitude ( U=3 ). [9] [lower-alpha 1]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Gibbs measures between 5.04 and 5.99 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.283 and 0.30, [6] [7] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.23 – derived from 25 Phocaea, the Phocaea family's largest member and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 6.35 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 13.2. [4]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in memory of American mathematician and physicist Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839–1903), who contributed to the studies of asteroids through his work on orbits. [2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 17 February 1984 ( M.P.C. 8544). [11] The lunar crater Gibbs was also named in his honor. [2]

    Notes

    1. 1 2 Lightcurve plot for (2937) Gibbs. Robert D. Stephens (2016). Rotation period of 3.189±0.003 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.26 mag. Quality Code of 3. Summary figures at the CS3 website and at the LCDB

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    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2937 Gibbs (1980 LA)" (2017-03-16 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 15 September 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 4 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2937) Gibbs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 241–242. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2938. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. 1 2 3 4 "2937 Gibbs (1980 LA)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "LCDB Data for (2937) Gibbs". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 15 September 2017.
    5. 1 2 "Asteroid 2937 Gibbs – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    6. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv: 1606.08923 . Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 .
    7. 1 2 3 4 Alí-Lagoa, V.; Delbo', M. (July 2017). "Sizes and albedos of Mars-crossing asteroids from WISE/NEOWISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 603: 8. arXiv: 1705.10263 . Bibcode:2017A&A...603A..55A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629917.
    8. 1 2 3 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2937) Gibbs". Geneva Observatory . Retrieved 15 September 2017.
    9. 1 2 Stephens, Robert D. (April 2017). "Asteroids Observed from CS3: 2016 October - December". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 44 (2): 120–122. Bibcode:2017MPBu...44..120S. ISSN   1052-8091 . Retrieved 15 September 2017.
    10. 1 2 Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv: 1502.01628 . Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN   9780816532131.
    11. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
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