5 (Los Angeles Railway)

This article is about a former streetcar line in Los Angeles County. For the modern light-rail line, see E Line (Los Angeles Metro).

5
Overview
Other name(s)	E (1920–1932)
Owner	Los Angeles Metropolitan Transit Authority
Locale	Los Angeles, Inglewood, Lennox, and Hawthorne
Termini	Colorado Boulevard and Townsend Street (1920–48) Colorado Boulevard and Eagle Rock Boulevard (1948–55) Hawthorne Boulevard and Broadway (Hawthorne)
Stations	112
Service
Type	Streetcar
System	Los Angeles Railway (1920–45) Los Angeles Transit Lines (1945–58) Los Angeles Metropolitan Transit Authority (1958–63)
Daily ridership	15,988 (1940) [1]
History
Opened	1920
Closed	May 22, 1955 (1955-05-22)
Technical
Line length	21.8 mi (35.1 km) [2] (1920–48) 21.4 mi (34.4 km) (1948–55)
Track gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Electrification	Overhead line,  600 V DC
Route map Legend 1932–1955 Colorado and Townsend Colorado and Mount Royal Colorado and Argus Colorado and Highland View Colorado and Maywood discontinued 1948 Colorado and Eagle Rock Eagle Rock and Yosemite Eagle Rock and Chickasaw Eagle Rock and Norwalk Eagle Rock and Westdale Eagle Rock and Avenue 45   6   Eagle Rock and York Eagle Rock and El Paso Eagle Rock and Avenue 41 Eagle Rock and Verdugo Eagle Rock and Avenue 38 Eagle Rock and Avenue 36 Eagle Rock and Avenue 35 Eagle Rock and Avenue 34 Eagle Rock and Avenue 33 Eagle Rock and Avenue 31 Eagle Rock and Cypress Cypress and Division Cypress and Macon Cypress and Elm Cypress and Arvia Cypress and Alice Cypress and Maseo Cypress and Pepper Avenue 28 and Idell Avenue 28 and Figueroa Figueroa and Avenue 22 Figueroa and San Fernando SR 11 Pasadena Freeway Arroyo Seco Santa Fe RR San Fernando and Humboldt San Fernando and Pasadena Pasadena and Broadway Southern Pacific RR Los Angeles River Santa Fe RR Solano Canyon Little Italy New Chinatown Broadway and College Broadway and Alpine Broadway and Sunset Broadway and Arcadia US 101 Hollywood Freeway Broadway and Temple Broadway and 1st   P   Broadway and 3rd Broadway and 4th Broadway and 5th Broadway and 6th Broadway and 7th   J    R    S   Broadway and 8th Broadway and 9th Broadway Place   P   Main and 11th Main and 12th Main and Pico Main and Venice Main and Washington Main and 23rd Main and Adams Main and 30th Main and Jefferson Jefferson and Broadway Jefferson and Grand   J   Grand and 37th Grand and 39th I-110 Santa Barbara and Figueroa Santa Barbara and Hoover Santa Barbara and Vermont   V   Santa Barbara and Budlong Santa Barbara and Normandie Santa Barbara and Halldale Santa Barbara and Denker Santa Barbara and Western Santa Barbara and Grammercy Santa Barbara and Arlington Santa Barbara and 4th Avenue Leimert and Sutro Leimert and Stocker Leimert and 43rd Leimert and Vernon Crenshaw and 48th   9   Crenshaw and 50th Crenshaw and 52nd Crenshaw and 54th   8   Crenshaw and 57th Crenshaw and Slauson Crenshaw and 59th Crenshaw and 60th Crenshaw and 63rd Hyde Park Crenshaw and 67th Redondo and West Los Angeles Inglewood Florence and Redondo Florence and Prairie Florence and Centinela Florence and Hillcrest Pacific Electric Florence and Market Market and Manchester Market and La Brea La Brea and Tamarack La Brea and Arbor Vitae   6   La Brea and Hardy Hawthorne and Century Hawthorne and 104th Inglewood Lennox Hawthorne and Lennox Hawthorne and 111th Lennox Hawthorne Hawthorne and Imperial Highway Hawthorne and 118th Hawthorne and 120th Hawthorne and Broadway Pacific Electric Los Angeles Railway lines other lines This diagram: view talk edit

5 or the 5 Car was a streetcar line operated by the Los Angeles Railway, later named as the Los Angeles Transit Lines, by the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transit Authority. From 1920 to 1932, this route was known as the E Car. This was changed as part of a method to distinguish routes that lacked loops at their termini. Consequently, the 5 Car was unique during the LAMTA era in that it did not use PCC streetcars. It used buses from 1955 to 1964, transferring from LATL in 1958, then splitting the line in two in 1961, until all lines were turned over to SCRTD in August 1964.

History

Inglewood Division (1887–1911)

Initially a steam railroad built in 1887, ^[2] the southern portion of the route began as the Inglewood Division, one of the main lines of the Los Angeles and Redondo Railway. The railroad rebuilt and electrified the route in 1905. ^[2] From a terminus at 2nd and Spring Streets, railroad ran to Redondo Beach via 2nd Street, Broadway, 7th Street, Grand Avenue, Santa Barbara Avenue, Leimert Avenue, Crenshaw Boulevard, Redondo Boulevard, Florence Avenue, Market Street, La Brea Avenue, Hawthorne Boulevard, Ripley Avenue, Anita Street, and Herondo Street.

In the Great Merger of 1911, the southern portion of the Redondo Railway were given over to the Pacific Electric Railway, while the northern portion became part of the Los Angeles Railway. ^[3] The Hawthorne Line, as it was then called, terminated at the intersection of Hawthorne Boulevard and Broadway in the heart of Hawthorne, where one could transfer to two Pacific Electric routes. At some point in the 1910s, this route was merged with the Eagle Rock Line to become the longest streetcar route in the United States. ^[2]

Eagle Rock Line (1906–1920)

The Eagle Rock Line was one of LARy's original routes, connecting Downtown Los Angeles to the small agrarian suburb of Eagle Rock by way of Main Street, Avenue 20, Dayton Avenue, a private right-of-way (on which was soon built Avenue 28), Eagle Rock Boulevard, and Colorado Boulevard to Townsend Street. ^[4] At Eagle Rock and Colorado, one could transfer to a branch of the Glendale and Montrose Railway. Grading of the line commenced on February 5, 1906, ^[5] with regular service beginning on the following August 20. ^[6]

In 1916, the renovation of the Broadway Tunnel allowed streetcars to run through it. Before this, all routes northeast had to run along Main Street at the Plaza de los Angeles, but now all of Broadway enjoyed direct, continuous service. It was along Broadway that the Eagle Rock Line was re-routed, bypassing most of Lincoln Heights, while increasing service to Solano Canyon and Little Italy.

E, 5, and 6 (1920–1963)

Geographic map; 5 is in magenta

The E Line was the result of combining the Eagle Rock and Hawthorne Lines. ^[7] At nearly 22 miles (35 km), it was the longest route of the Los Angeles Railway by far, ^[2] and the route that extended further north, south, east or west than any other route. The route traversed a private right of way in Eagle Rock; Avenue 28; Dayton; San Fernando Road; Pasadena Avenue; North Broadway; Sunset; North Main; North Spring; First; Broadway; Broadway Place; Main; Jefferson Boulevard; Grand; another private right of way; Santa Barbara; and a final private right of way to Hawthorne. ^[8]

In 1932, the route name was changed to 5. ^{[9] [10]} An additional line designated as 6 followed the same route, ^[11] but short turned at Avenue 45 in Eagle Rock and Arbor Vitae in Inglewood and ran until 1937. ^[12]

In 1948, the northern terminus of the route was cut back to the intersection of Colorado Boulevard and Eagle Rock Boulevards in the heart of Eagle Rock. From this period onward, a bus following the same route supplemented the streetcar. Streetcar service was discontinued on May 22, 1955 ^[13] due to Harbor Freeway construction. ^[2]

After rail service

The 5 bus route was split by LAMTA in 1961, the north portion to Eagle Rock Boulevard and Colorado Boulevard was served by route 7 from South Broadway. The 5 had its number changed to 40 by the Southern California Rapid Transit District in 1984 in anticipation of the 1984 Olympic Games. ^[2]

As of 2022 ^[update] ,^{[ citation needed ]} the route is closely followed by Metro bus routes 40, 84, and a short segment of 81. The Metro K Line follows the same route between Leimert Park and Market Street in Inglewood.

Rolling stock

Type H cars were refurbished between November 1930 and January 1931, for use on the line. (Type H cars had originally been designed for service on the E Line in 1920, but were used elsewhere in the network after having tested poorly on the route shortly after delivery.) ^[14]

References

1. Breivogel, Milton; Bate, Stuart (1942). "Mass Transit Facilities and Master Plan of Parkways" (PDF). Los Angeles City Planning Commission. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
2. Barrett, Matthew (2014). "Los Angeles Transportation Transit History – South LA" (PDF). LACMTA . Retrieved January 28, 2021.
3. Veysey, Laurence R. (June 1958). A History Of The Rail Passenger Service Operated By The Pacific Electric Railway Company Since 1911 And By Its Successors Since 1953 (PDF). LACMTA (Report). Los Angeles, California: Interurbans. p. 55. ASIN   B0007F8D84. OCLC   6565577.
4. Wood, J. Henry (1907). Security Map And Street Railway Guide of the City of Los Angeles and Vicinity with Map of Beaches and nearby Points of Interest (Map). Los Angeles, California: Security Savings Bank. Retrieved September 4, 2021– via David Rumsey Historical Map Collection.
5. "Garvanza". The Los Angeles Times . February 5, 1906. p. 15. Retrieved December 18, 2022– via Newspapers.com.
6. "Cars Running to Eagle Rock". Los Angeles Herald. August 19, 1906. p. 19. Retrieved December 18, 2022– via Newspapers.com.
7. "'5' - Eagle Rock and Hawthorne Line (1932-1955)". Electric Railway Historical Association of Southern California. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
8. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain :Terrass, John (1922). Study and Plan of Relief of the Street Traffic Congestion in the City of Los Angeles, California (PDF) (Thesis). University of California. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
9. Walker, Jim (2007). Los Angeles Railway Yellow Cars. Arcadia Pub. p. 95. ISBN   1531629415.
10. H.P. Noordwal (1938). "Route Map Los Angeles Railway Electric Car and Bus Routes" (Map). Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Los Angeles Railway. "Alternate link" (Map). via Google .
11. H.P. Noordwal (April 1, 1935). "Route Map Los Angeles Railway Electric Car and Bus Routes" (Map). Dorothy Peyton Gray Transportation Museum and Archive. Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Los Angeles Railway. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
12. "'6'-Eagle Rock and Hawthorne Line (1932-1937)". Electric Railway Historical Association of Southern California. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
13. "May 22: This Date in Los Angeles Transportation History". Metro Primary Resources. Dorothy Peyton Gray Transportation Museum and Archive. Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
14. "Los Angeles Railway 1450". Southern Califorbnia Railway Museum. Retrieved July 23, 2022.

External links

• 5 Line Archives — Pacific Electric Railway Historical Society
• E Line Archives — Pacific Electric Railway Historical Society
• "Los Angeles Railway". Electric Railway Historical Association of Southern California.