Advanced Train Administration and Communications System (ATACS) is an Automatic Train Control (ATC) system developed by RTRI starting from 1995[ citation needed ] and first introduced by JR East on the Senseki Line in 2011. It uses radio communication rather than traditional signals, and works as a moving block system. [1]
Communication between the train and the trackside equipment happens entirely through bidirectional radio communication. Radio base stations are placed at intervals of 2 to 3km and operates on four different frequency bands, used alternately to prevent inference. [1] Radios operate in the 400 MHz frequency band, with data transmitted using TDMA access method with Reed–Solomon error correction at 9.6 kbps. [2] The radio system are based on proprietary standards with encryption. [3]
The ground controller, being the main control unit of ground equipment, is responsible for the identification of train locations based on information received from the trains, route setting, control and interlocking, train interval regulation, and boundary control and train entry/exit handover. [1]
Connected to the ground controller, the train existence supervision equipment is responsible for controlling line occupation of trains. [1] It also maintains safety in case of system failure and during recovery operations by using train identification assigned to each trains to track occupation even if other equipment is out of service. [3]
The system supervision equipment monitors the operating status of the ATACS system and has functions to change settings such as temporary speed limits [1] in increments of 5 km/h. The system supervision equipment is also responsible for setting track closures, setting single-line working, and routing maintenance vehicles. [4]
The field controller connects trackside equipment such as switches, level crossing equipment, radio stations, and detectors to the ground controller. [1]
Every train is equipped with an onboard device which is responsible for determining the train's position. For more precise position tracking, a balise is installed every kilometer. This information, along with the train length is periodically transferred to the ground equipment. [1] [4] Therefore, no track circuits or axle counters are necessary.
The onboard device is also responsible for calculating the brake intervention curve required to stop the train at the limit of the limited movement authority (LMA), the area in which the train is permitted to move. It takes the individual train's braking performance, track gradient, curve, and speed limit into consideration to perform this calculation. [2]
Similar to earlier Automatic Train Control systems, ATACS uses cab signalling. A cab display shows ATACS information required for driving, such as [1] the distance to limit of the LMA, the maximum allowable speed as permitted by the brake curve, and the route set. [4]
ATACS has been compared to ETCS Level 3 [5]
ATACS is deployed on the following lines:
A balise is an electronic beacon or transponder placed between the rails of a railway as part of an automatic train protection (ATP) system. The French word balise is used to distinguish these beacons from other kinds of beacons.
The Senseki Line is a railway line in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, owned and operated by the East Japan Railway Company. It connects Aoba-dōri Station in Sendai to Ishinomaki Station in Ishinomaki, and provides access to the central coast areas of Miyagi Prefecture, significantly the Matsushima area. It connects with the Sendai Subway Nanboku Line at Aoba-dōri Station; the Tōhoku Shinkansen, the Tōhoku Main Line and the Senzan Line at Sendai Station; and the Ishinomaki Line in Ishinomaki. The name Senseki (仙石) comes from the combination of the first kanji of Sendai (仙台) and Ishinomaki (石巻), the two cities that the Senseki Line connects. It is also the only line in Sendai area that is powered by DC overhead power line.
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