Abydos King List (Ramesses II)

Last updated
Fragmentary Abydos King's List from the temple of Ramesses II at Abydos, now at the British Museum. FragmentaryKingsListFromAbydosTempleOfRamessesII-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg
Fragmentary Abydos King's List from the temple of Ramesses II at Abydos, now at the British Museum.

The Abydos King List of Ramesses II, also known as the Fragmentary Abydos King List, the Fragmentary Abydos King Table or the Fragmentary Abydos Tablet, is a list of Ancient Egyptian kings down to Ramesses' own time. Originally located in the temple of Ramesses II at Abydos in Egypt, it was built in the 13th century BC. The list is similar to the one inscribed in the temple built at the site by Ramesses' father and predecessor, Seti I, but with the addition of Ramesses' own throne name and nomen. The list was found by William John Bankes in 1818 and the surviving fragments were removed in 1837 by the French consul in Egypt, dismantled and the blocks sold to the British. Severely damaged as a result, it is now on display at the British Museum. [1] [2]

Contents

Ramesses' list is in fragments, so that only some of the kings' names survive. Originally, the list was believed to have consisted of four rows of 26 cartouches (borders enclosing the name of a king) in each row. The upper three rows would have contained names of the kings (76 ancestors plus Ramesses prenomen and nomen for a total of 78), while the fourth would have row merely repeats Ramesses II's prenomen and nomen. The original top row was lost in antiquity, leaving the current 3 rows with 32 cartouches of different pharaohs surviving.

This list omits the names of many earlier pharaohs who were apparently considered illegitimate — those were Sobekneferu, pharaohs of the Ninth Dynasty, pharaohs of the Tenth Dynasty, the Hyksos, pharaohs of the Second Intermediate Period, Hatshepsut, Akhenaten, Smenkhkare, Neferneferuaten, Tutankhamen, and Ay.

Contents of the king list

Drawing of the Fragmentary Abydos King List from 1842. Details like hieroglyphics and cartouches that were present in 1826, but had disappeared by 1842 are included here, along with reconstructions of some of the cartouches. Gallery of antiquities, selected from the British Museum (1842) Plate 29 (cropped).jpg
Drawing of the Fragmentary Abydos King List from 1842. Details like hieroglyphics and cartouches that were present in 1826, but had disappeared by 1842 are included here, along with reconstructions of some of the cartouches.

Row 1

Sixth Dynasty

Cartouches 10 to 14 (Click to enlarge) FragmentaryKingsListFromAbydosTempleOfRamessesII-BritishMuseum-August19-08 (Sixth Dynasty).jpg
Cartouches 10 to 14 (Click to enlarge)
#PharaohName written in the listHieroglyphs
1.
Names lost
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13. Merenre Nemtyemsaf II (Merenre Saemsaf) [a]
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
14. Netjerkare Siptah (Netjer)ka(re)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)

Seventh/Eighth Dynasty

Cartouches 15 to 26 (Click to enlarge) FragmentaryKingsListFromAbydosTempleOfRamessesII-BritishMuseum-August19-08 (Seventh-Eighth Dynasty).jpg
Cartouches 15 to 26 (Click to enlarge)
#PharaohName written in the listHieroglyphs
15. Menkare Men(ka)re
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
16. Neferkare II Neferka(re)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
17. Neferkare Neby Neferka(re) Nebseneb
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
18. Djedkare Shemai Djedka(re) Shemai
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
or
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
19. Neferkare Khendu Neferka(re) Khendu
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
20. Merenhor Merenhor
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
21. Neferkamin Sneferka
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
22. Nikare Nika(re)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
23. Neferkare Tereru (Neferkare) Tereru
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
24. Neferkahor (Neferkahor) [a]
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
25. Neferkare Pepiseneb (Neferkare Pepiseneb) [a]
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
26. Neferkamin Anu (Sneferka Anu) [a]
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
or
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)

Row 2

Twelfth Dynasty

Cartouches 35 to 39 (Click to enlarge) FragmentaryKingsListFromAbydosTempleOfRamessesII-BritishMuseum-August19-08 (Twelfth Dynasty).jpg
Cartouches 35 to 39 (Click to enlarge)
#PharaohName written in the listHieroglyphs
27.
Names lost
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35. Amenemhat II (Nebukaure) [a]
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
36. Senusret II Khakheperure
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
37. Senusret III Khakaure
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
38. Amenemhat III Nimaatre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
39. Amenemhat IV Maakherure
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)

Eighteenth Dynasty

Cartouches 40 to 48 (Click to enlarge) FragmentaryKingsListFromAbydosTempleOfRamessesII-BritishMuseum-August19-08 (Eighteenth Dynasty).jpg
Cartouches 40 to 48 (Click to enlarge)
#PharaohName written in the listHieroglyphs
40. Ahmose I Nebpehtyre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
41. Amenhotep I Djeser(ka)re
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
42. Thutmose I Aakheper(ka)re
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
43. Thutmose II (Aa)kheper(en)re
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
44. Thutmose III Menkheperre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
45. Amenhotep II Aakheperure
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
46. Thutmose IV Menkheperure
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
47. Amenhotep III Nebmaatre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
48. Horemheb Djeserkheperure Setepenre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)

Nineteenth Dynasty

Cartouches 49 to 52 (Click to enlarge) FragmentaryKingsListFromAbydosTempleOfRamessesII-BritishMuseum-August19-08 (Nineteenth Dynasty).jpg
Cartouches 49 to 52 (Click to enlarge)
#PharaohName written in the listHieroglyphs
49. Ramesses I Menpehtire
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
50. Seti I Menmaatre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
51. Ramesses II Usermaatre Setepenre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
52. Ramesses II Ramess(es) Meryamun
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)

Row 3

The third row merely contains the Prenomen of Ramesses II repeated 13 times and several different versions of the Nomen of Ramesses II repeated a combined total of 13 times. British Museum Egypt 050 (cropped).jpg
The third row merely contains the Prenomen of Ramesses II repeated 13 times and several different versions of the Nomen of Ramesses II repeated a combined total of 13 times.
Row 3
Name typeName written in ListHieroglyphs
Nomen of Ramesses IIRamesses Meryamun
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Prenomen of Ramesses IIUsermaatre Setepenre
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Nomen of Ramesses IIRamesses Meryamun
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Nomen of Ramesses IIRamesses Meryamun
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)Abydos King List (Ramesses II)
Abydos King List (Ramesses II)

See also

Citations

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Name now destroyed but was recorded before it was lost

Works cited