Neferkamin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Pharaoh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reign | c. 2190 – c. 2188 BC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Predecessor | Possibly Merenhor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Successor | Possibly Nikare | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Died | c. 2188 BC |
Neferkamin (died c. 2188 BC) may have been an Eighth Dynasty king of ancient Egypt during the First Intermediate Period.
His throne name "Sneferka" is only attested on the Abydos King List (n. 47) although it is possible that here the name is mistyped, and the O34 hieroglyph ("s") in fact is a R22 ("min"), hence "Neferkamin". [1] The correct reading of this king's name is provided, along with the name of Nikare, on a gold plaque now in the British Museum; however, it has been suggested that this object could be a forgery. [2]
Neferkamin is absent from the Turin canon as a large lacuna in this document affects most kings of the 7th/8th Dynasty. [3] No contemporary document or building with his name has been found. [4] [5]
Khasekhemwy was the last Pharaoh of the Second Dynasty of Egypt. Little is known about him, other than that he led several significant military campaigns and built the mudbrick fort known as Shunet El Zebib.
The Eighth Dynasty of ancient Egypt is a poorly known and short-lived line of pharaohs reigning in rapid succession in the early 22nd century BC, likely with their seat of power in Memphis. The Eighth Dynasty held sway at a time referred to as the very end of the Old Kingdom or the beginning of the First Intermediate Period. The power of the pharaohs was waning while that of the provincial governors, known as nomarchs, was increasingly important, the Egyptian state having by then effectively turned into a feudal system. In spite of close relations between the Memphite kings and powerful nomarchs, notably in Coptos, the Eighth Dynasty was eventually overthrown by the nomarchs of Heracleopolis Magna, who founded the Ninth Dynasty. The Eighth Dynasty is sometimes combined with the preceding Seventh Dynasty, owing to the lack of archeological evidence for the latter which may be fictitious.
Djer is considered the third pharaoh of the First Dynasty of ancient Egypt in current Egyptology. He lived around the mid 31st century BC and reigned for c. 40 years. A mummified forearm of Djer or his wife was discovered by Egyptologist Flinders Petrie, but was discarded by Émile Brugsch.
Hor Awibre was an Egyptian pharaoh of the early 13th Dynasty in the late Middle Kingdom.
Khasekhemre Neferhotep I was an Egyptian pharaoh of the mid Thirteenth Dynasty ruling in the second half of the 18th century BC during a time referred to as the late Middle Kingdom or early Second Intermediate Period, depending on the scholar. One of the best attested rulers of the 13th Dynasty, Neferhotep I reigned for 11 years according to the Turin King List.
Khutawyre Wegaf was a pharaoh of the early Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt in the late Middle Kingdom/Second Intermediate Period. He is known from several sources, including a stele and statues. In the Turin King List he is the first ruler of this dynasty with a reign of 2 regnal years.
Sekhemre Wahkhau Rahotep was an Egyptian pharaoh who reigned during the Second Intermediate Period, when Egypt was ruled by multiple kings. The Egyptologists Kim Ryholt and Darrell Baker believe that Rahotep was the first king of the 17th Dynasty.
Merenhor may have been an Eighth Dynasty king of ancient Egypt during the First Intermediate Period. His name is only attested on the Abydos King List. Merenhor is absent from the Turin canon as a large lacuna in this document affects most kings of the 7th/8th Dynasty. No contemporary document or building with his name has been found.
Neferkare II was an ancient Egyptian king of the Eighth Dynasty during the early First Intermediate Period. According to the Egyptologists Kim Ryholt, Jürgen Beckerath, and Darell Baker, he was the third king of the Eighth Dynasty. As a king of the Eighth Dynasty, Neferkare II's capital would have been Memphis.
Djedkare Shemai may have been an ancient Egyptian king during the Eighth Dynasty of the First Intermediate Period. His name is only attested on the Abydos King List, the primary source for identifying seventh/eighth dynasties (combined). Djedkare Shemai is absent from the Turin canon as a large lacuna in this document affects most kings of the 7th/8th Dynasty. No contemporary document or building with his name has been found.
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Nikare may have been an ancient Egyptian king of the Eighth Dynasty during the early First Intermediate Period, at a time when Egypt was possibly divided between several polities. According to the Egyptologists Kim Ryholt, Jürgen Beckerath, and Darrell Baker, he was the ninth king of the Eighth Dynasty. As such, Nikare's seat of power would have been Memphis.
Neferkare Tereru may have been an Eighth Dynasty king of ancient Egypt during the First Intermediate Period. His name is only attested on the Abydos King List. Neferkare Tereru is absent from the Turin canon as a large lacuna in this document affects most kings of the 7th/8th Dynasty. No contemporary document or building with his name has been found.
Neferkahor may have been ancient Egyptian king of the Eighth Dynasty during the First Intermediate Period. According to Egyptologists Jürgen Beckerath and Darrell Baker, he was the eleventh king of this dynasty. His name is attested on the Abydos King List and on a black steatite cylinder seal of unknown provenance. Neferkahor is absent from the Turin canon as a large lacuna in this document affects most kings of the 7th/8th Dynasty. No contemporary document or building with his name has been found.
Neferkare VI Pepiseneb was an ancient Egyptian king of the Eighth Dynasty during the early First Intermediate Period. According to the Egyptologists Kim Ryholt, Jürgen Beckerath, and Darrell Baker, he was the twelfth king of the Eighth Dynasty.
Neferkamin Anu was a king of ancient Egypt during the First Intermediate Period. According to the Abydos King List and the latest reconstruction of the Turin canon by Kim Ryholt, he was the 13th king of the Eighth Dynasty. This opinion is shared by the Egyptologists Jürgen Beckerath, Thomas Schneider, and Darrell Baker. As a king of the Eighth Dynasty, Neferkamin Anu would have reigned over the Memphite region.
Neferkaure was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt during the First Intermediate Period. According to the Abydos King List and the latest reconstruction of the Turin canon by Kim Ryholt, he was the 15th king of the Eighth Dynasty. This opinion is shared by the Egyptologists Jürgen von Beckerath, Thomas Schneider and Darell Baker. As a pharaoh of the Eighth Dynasty, Neferkaure's seat of power was Memphis and he may not have held power over all of Egypt.
Neferirkare was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Eighth Dynasty during the early First Intermediate Period. According to the egyptologists Kim Ryholt, Jürgen von Beckerath and Darrell Baker he was the 17th and final king of the Eighth Dynasty. Many scholars consider Neferirkare to have been the last pharaoh of the Old Kingdom, which came to an end with the 8th Dynasty.
Seth Meribre was an Ancient Egyptian petty king during the early 13th Dynasty during the late Middle Kingdom.
Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw was an Egyptian pharaoh of the early 13th Dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period.