| Acroglochin persicarioides | |
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| Genus: | Acroglochin |
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| Acroglochin persicarioides | |
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Acroglochin is a genus of flowering plants in the plant family Amaranthaceae, containing a single species, Acroglochin persicarioides. It is distributed from the Himalayas to China. The systematic position in subfamily Betoideae is still uncertain.
Acroglochin persicarioides is an erect glabrous annual herb, 30–80 cm tall. The sparsely branched stems are ribbed and striate, green or purplish. The alternate leaves (up to 6 cm long) are long petiolate, their simple leaf blades are ovate to deltoid with irregularly and coarsely toothed margins. [1]
The inflorescences are numerous branched cymes in the axils of almost all leaves, erect-spreading, contracted, with short sterile branches ending needle-like. The hermaphrodite flowers are sessile, without bracts and bracteoles. The perianth is very small and consists of five basally connate tepals, these are linear-oblong, curved upwards, with a green center and membranous margins. There are one to three stamens and an ovary with short style and two short stigmas. [1]
The fruit is slightly shorter than the adpressed persistent perianth, and about 1–4 mm in diameter, it is disciform, depressed and saucer-shaped and opens circumscissile. The fruit wall (pericarp) is free. The horizontal seed is black, with a hard, thin, glossy seed coat. It contains an annular embryo and mealy perisperm (feeding tissue). [1]
The flowering and fruiting phase reaches from July to November. [2]
Acroglochin persicarioides is distributed from the Himalayas (northern parts of Pakistan and India), Kashmir, Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet to China [1] (Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, S Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan) [2]
The plants grow in disturbed vegetation among rocks, on waste grounds, near cultivations, [1] at forest margins, riversides, open hillsides, or at roadsides. [2]
The genus Acroglochin was first established in 1822 by Heinrich Schrader, [3] at the same time describing the single type species, Acroglochin chenopodioides. In the following years, several species of other genera were regarded as identical, especially Amaranthus persicarioides, which was already described in 1810, so that this name has priority. Alfred Moquin-Tandon published the combination Acroglochin persicarioides in 1849 as the accepted name for this species. [4]
Synonyms of Acroglochin are LecanocarpusNees and BlitanthusRchb.. Synonyms of Acroglochin persicarioides are:
Acroglochin was usually classified in subfamily Betoideae, because like all other Betoideae, the fruits are circumscissile capsules. But it proved to be phylogenetically isolated. The relationships are yet uncertain, it may probably be classified as a subfamily of its own. [7] Recent molecular research provides some evidence for the inclusion in subfamily Corispermoideae: [8]
Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
The Salicornioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae. Important characters are succulent, often articulated stems, strongly reduced leaves, and flowers aggregated in thick, dense spike-shaped thyrses. These halophytic plants are distributed worldwide.
The Chenopodioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae in the APG III system, which is largely based on molecular phylogeny, but were included - together with other subfamilies - in family Chenopodiaceae in the Cronquist system. Food species comprise Spinach, Good King Henry, several Chenopodium species, Orache, and Epazote.
Chenopodium is a genus of numerous species of perennial or annual herbaceous flowering plants known as the goosefoots, which occur almost anywhere in the world. It is placed in the family Amaranthaceae in the APG II system; older classification systems, notably the widely used Cronquist system, separate it and its relatives as Chenopodiaceae, but this leaves the rest of the Amaranthaceae polyphyletic. However, among the Amaranthaceae, the genus Chenopodium is the namesake member of the subfamily Chenopodioideae.
Beta is a genus in the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae. The best known member is the common beet, Beta vulgaris, but several other species are recognised. Almost all have common names containing the word "beet". Wild Beta species can be found throughout the Atlantic coast of Europe, the Mediterranean coastline, the Near East, and parts of Asia including India.
Grayia spinosa is a species of the genus Grayia in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, which is known by the common names hop sage and spiny hop sage. It is widely distributed across the Western United States, where it grows in a number of desert and mountain habitats.
Krascheninnikovia is a genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae known as winterfat, so-called because it is a nutritious livestock forage. They are known from Eurasia and western North America. These are hairy perennials or small shrubs which may be monoecious or dioecious. They bear spike inflorescences of woolly flowers.
Extriplex californica is a plant species known by the common name California saltbush or California orache. Formerly, it was included in genus Atriplex. It is native to coastal California and Baja California, where it grows in areas with saline soils, such as beaches and salt marshes.
Halothamnus auriculus is a species of the plant genus Halothamnus, that belongs to the subfamily Salsoloideae of the family Amaranthaceae,. It occurs in Western and Middle Asia.
Bassia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. They are distributed in the western Mediterranean to eastern Asia. Some occur outside their native ranges as introduced species.
The Betoideae are a small subfamily of the flowering plant amaranth family, Amaranthaceae sensu lato. Commonly known members include beet, sugar beet, chard, and mangelwurzel, which all are cultivars of Beta vulgaris.
Camphorosmeae is a species-rich tribe of the Amaranthaceae, formerly Chenopodiaceae, with 20 genera and about 179 species. It is classified as a single tribe of subfamily Camphorosmoideae.
The Polycnemoideae are a small subfamily of plants in the family Amaranthaceae, representing a basal evolutionary lineage. The few relictual species are distributed in Eurasia and North Africa, North America, and Australia.
The Corispermoideae are a subfamily of the Amaranthaceae, formerly in family Chenopodiaceae.
Kalidium is a genus of flowering plants in the plant family Amaranthaceae. The species are shrubby halophytes distributed in Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia and Central Asia to China.
Lipandra polysperma, common name manyseed goosefoot, is the only species of the monotypic plant genus Lipandra from the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae.
Halimione is a plant genus from the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It is a sister genus of Atriplex and has sometimes been included in this genus.
Stutzia is a plant genus in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It was described in 2010, replacing the illegitimate name Endolepis. It comprises two species, that have also been included in the genus Atriplex.
Arthrocnemum is a genus of shrubs in the family Amaranthaceae. Plants are halophytes with fleshy, apparently articulated plant stems and reduced leaves and flowers. There are two species, occurring from Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean region, to western tropical Africa and Macaronesia. An American species will have to be excluded.
Patellifolia is a genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Betoideae of the family Amaranthaceae. These are mostly procumbent herbs occurring in the Western Mediterranean region and Macaronesia, with some isolated occurrences in North Africa and at the Horn of Africa. They are interesting as crop wild relatives of sugar beet.
Media related to Acroglochin persicarioides at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Acroglochin at Wikispecies