Apple A19

Last updated
Apple A19 series
General information
LaunchedSeptember 20, 2025 (2025-09-20)
Designed by Apple Inc.
Common manufacturer
Product codeA19: Tilos
A19 Pro: Thera
Max. CPU clock rate to 4.26 GHz
Cache
L2 cacheA19: 8 MB (performance cores)
4 MB (efficiency cores)
A19 Pro: 16 MB (performance cores)
6 MB (efficiency cores)
Last level cacheA19: 12 MB (system level cache)
A19 Pro: 32 MB (system level cache)
Architecture and classification
ApplicationMobile
A19
A19 Pro
Technology node 3 nm (TSMC N3P)
Instruction set ARMv9-A
Physical specifications
Transistors
  • A19: Unknown
    A19 Pro: Unknown
Cores
  • 6 Core CPU (2 performance cores & 4 efficiency cores)
Memory (RAM)
  • A19: 8GB LPDDR5X-8533
    A19 Pro: 12GB LPDDR5X-9600
GPU Apple-designed GPU with 5-6 cores
Co-processor 16-core Neural Engine, Apple N1 (wireless), Apple C1X (cellular, A19 Pro models only)
History
Predecessors Apple A18 Pro (iPhone 16 Pro)
Apple A18 (iPhone 16)

The Apple A19 and Apple A19 Pro are a pair of 64-bit ARM-based system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series. The A19 is used in the iPhone 17, while the A19 Pro is used in the iPhone 17 Pro, iPhone 17 Pro Max, and iPhone Air. Both chips are manufactured by TSMC using the N3P variant of their 3 nm process node. Announced on September 9, 2025, they are the successors to the Apple A18 and Apple A18 Pro processors, respectively. [1] [2] [3]

Contents

Design

CPU

Both the A19 and A19 Pro feature a 6-core CPU architecture with 2 performance cores and 4 efficiency cores, operating at frequencies up to 4.26 GHz for performance cores and 2.60 GHz for efficiency cores. [4] The A19 Pro variant includes enhanced cache configurations and improved front-end bandwidth and branch prediction on the performance cores.

The performance cores in the A19 feature 8MB of L2 cache, while the efficiency cores have 4MB. The A19 Pro increases this to 16MB for performance cores and 6MB for efficiency cores. Additionally, the A19 includes a 12MB system-level cache, expanded to 32MB in the A19 Pro. [5]

GPU

The A19 features a 5-core Apple-designed GPU (80 execution units, 640 ALUs, 5 clusters) based on the new Apple10 architecture, while the A19 Pro includes both 5-core and 6-core configurations depending on the device (96 execution units, 768 ALUs, 6 clusters). [5] The iPhone Air uses the A19 Pro with a 5-core GPU, while the iPhone 17 Pro and Pro Max feature the full 6-core GPU configuration.

The Apple10 architecture introduces doubled FP16 performance compared to previous generations and includes dedicated tensor processing units called "Neural Accelerators" integrated into each GPU core. These units are optimized for matrix multiplication operations in machine learning workloads, enabling up to 4x the peak GPU compute performance on the A19 Pro compared to the A18 Pro. The architecture also includes updated dynamic caching and unified image compression. [6]

Neural Engine

The A19 series includes a revised 16-core Neural Engine with improved memory bandwidth and performance compared to the A18 generation, working alongside the GPU's integrated Neural Accelerators for different AI processing tasks.

Wireless and Connectivity

The A19 series introduces Apple's first in-house wireless chip, the N1, which provides Wi-Fi 7, Bluetooth 6.0, and Thread connectivity standards, replacing previous Broadcom solutions. It should improve the performance and reliability of wireless features including Personal Hotspot and AirDrop.

Models with the A19 Pro also include Apple's C1X cellular modem, which offers up to 2x the performance of the previous C1 modem while consuming 30% less energy.

USB connectivity differs between variants: A19 Pro devices support USB 3.2 Gen 2 (10 Gbps) while the A19 is limited to USB 2.0 (480 Mbps).

Memory and Media

The A19 series supports LPDDR5X memory with different specifications between variants. The A19 includes 8GB of LPDDR5X-8533 memory providing 68.2 GB/s of memory bandwidth, while the A19 Pro features 12GB of LPDDR5X-9600 memory with bandwidth up to 75.8 GB/s. Both chips include updated display engines and image signal processors, with the A19 Pro exclusively supporting Apple ProRes RAW recording in addition to standard H.264, H.265, and ProRes formats. [6]

Security

Starting with all iPhone 17 models and iPhone Air, devices based on the A19 and A19 Pro include Memory Integrity Enforcement (MIE), a hardware and software-based memory safety system utilizing ARM's Enhanced Memory Tagging Extension (EMTE) in synchronous mode. The system operates continuously to defend against buffer overflow and use-after-free vulnerabilities while protecting against side-channel attacks. [7] [8]

Thermal Management

The A19 Pro includes enhanced thermal management features in the iPhone 17 Pro models, incorporating an Apple-designed vapor chamber system that uses deionized water sealed within a laser-welded chamber integrated into the aluminum chassis. This system enables improved sustained performance during intensive workloads.

Performance

According to initial benchmarks, the A19 demonstrates approximately 12% higher single-core CPU performance compared to the A18, with multi-core performance improvements of around 18% on Geekbench 6. GPU performance shows gains of approximately 33% over the A18. [9] [10]

The A19 Pro increased single-core performance with approximately 15% and multi-core by 20% compared to the A18 Pro. GPU performance increased by ~27%, while sustained performance is ~36% higher on the iPhone 17 Pro compared to the 16 Pro. [10]

Apple states that the A19 Pro, when paired with its thermal management system, can deliver up to 40% better sustained performance compared to the A18 Pro, particularly benefiting applications such as video editing, gaming, and large language model processing.

Products that include the A19 series

A19

A19 Pro

Technical specifications

CategoryA19A19 Pro
Codename [5] TilosThera
CPU Cores2 performance + 4 efficiency2 performance + 4 efficiency
CPU Clock Speed4.26 GHz (P), 2.60 GHz (E)4.26 GHz (P), 2.60 GHz (E)
L2 Cache8MB (P) + 4MB (E)16MB (P) + 6MB (E)
System-Level Cache12MB32MB
GPU Cores5 (80 EUs, 640 ALUs)6 (96 EUs, 768 ALUs)
Memory8GB LPDDR5X-853312GB LPDDR5X-9600
Memory Bandwidth68.2 GB/s75.8 GB/s
USBUSB 2.0 (480 Mbps)USB 3.2 Gen 2 (10 Gbps)

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Apple debuts iPhone 17". Apple Newsroom. Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  2. ↑ "Introducing iPhone Air, a powerful new iPhone with a breakthrough design". Apple Newsroom. Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  3. ↑ "Apple unveils iPhone 17 Pro and iPhone 17 Pro Max". Apple Newsroom. Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  4. ↑ "Apple's new A19 Pro vs A19 comparison: new iPhone 17 chips have some major differences". TweakTown. 2025-09-15. Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  5. 1 2 3 "Apple's new A19 Pro vs A19 comparison: new iPhone 17 chips have some major differences". TweakTown. 2025-09-15. Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  6. 1 2 Smith, Ryan (2025-09-13). "Apple Announces A19 and A19 Pro SoCs". More Than Moore. Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  7. ↑ Apple Security Engineering and Architecture (SEAR) (September 9, 2025). "Memory Integrity Enforcement: A complete vision for memory safety in Apple devices". Apple Security Research. Apple Inc. Retrieved September 10, 2025.
  8. ↑ Hardwick, Tim (September 10, 2025). "iPhone 17 Introduces 'Groundbreaking' New Memory Security Feature". MacRumors. Retrieved September 10, 2025.
  9. ↑ Velasco, John (2025-09-10). "Apple iPhone 17 review: Better upgrades than the Pros". Tom's Guide. Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  10. 1 2 "Apple iPhone 17, 17 Pro en Pro Max - De interessantste iPhone in jaren". Tweakers (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-09-17.
  11. ↑ "iPhone 17 Pro and Pro Max Cellular Modem Capabilities". x.com.
  12. ↑ "iPhone 17 Pro and Pro Max Cellular Modem Capabilities". x.com.
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