ARM Cortex-A15

Last updated • 2 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
ARM Cortex-A15
Arm 5250 full 1.jpg
General information
LaunchedIn production late 2011, [1] to market late 2012 [2]
Designed by ARM Holdings
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate 1.0 GHz  to 2.5 GHz 
Cache
L1 cache 64  KB (32 KB I-cache, 32 KB D-cache) per core
L2 cacheUp to 4  MB [3] per cluster
L3 cachenone
Architecture and classification
Technology node 32 nm/28 nm initially [4] to 22 nm roadmap [4]
Instruction set ARMv7-A
Physical specifications
Cores
  • 1–4 per cluster, 1–2 clusters per physical chip [5]

The ARM Cortex-A15 MPCore is a 32-bit processor core licensed by ARM Holdings implementing the ARMv7-A architecture. It is a multicore processor with out-of-order superscalar pipeline running at up to 2.5  GHz. [6]

Contents

Overview

ARM has claimed that the Cortex-A15 core is 40 percent more powerful than the Cortex-A9 core with the same number of cores at the same speed. [7] The first A15 designs came out in the autumn of 2011, but products based on the chip did not reach the market until 2012. [1]

Key features of the Cortex-A15 core are:

Chips

First implementation came from Samsung in 2012 with the Exynos 5 Dual, which shipped in October 2012 with the Samsung Chromebook Series 3 (ARM version), followed in November by the Google Nexus 10.

Press announcements of current implementations:

Other licensees, such as LG, [22] [23] are expected to produce an A15 based design at some point.

Systems on a chip

Model Number Semiconductor technology CPUGPUMemory interfaceWireless radio technologiesAvailabilityUtilizing devices
HiSilicon K3V328 nm HPL big.LITTLE architecture using
1.8 GHz dual-core ARM Cortex-A15
+ dual-core ARM Cortex-A7
Mali-T628 H2 2014
Nvidia Tegra 4 T4028 nm HPL1.9 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 [24] + 1 low power coreNvidia GeForce @ 72 core, 672  MHz, 96.8 GFLOPS = 48 PS + 24 VU × 0.672 × 2 (96.8 GFLOPS) [25] (support DirectX 11+, OpenGL 4.X, and PhysX)32-bit dual-channel DDR3L or LPDDR3 up to 933 MHz (1866 MT/s data rate) [24] Category 3 (100 Mbit/s) LTEQ2 2013 Nvidia Shield Tegra Note 7
Nvidia Tegra 4 AP4028 nm HPL1.2-1.8 GHz quad-core + low power coreNvidia GPU 60 [24] cores (support DirectX 11+, OpenGL 4.X, and PhysX)32-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3 Category 3 (100 Mbit/s) LTEQ3 2013
Nvidia Tegra K128 nm HPm2.3 GHz quad-core + battery saver core Kepler SMX (192 CUDA cores, 8 TMUs, 4 ROPs)32-bit dual-channel DDR3L, LPDDR3 or LPDDR2Q2 2014Jetson TK1 development board, [26] Lenovo ThinkVision 28, Xiaomi MiPad, Shield Tablet
Texas Instruments OMAP543028 nm1.7 GHz dual-core PowerVR SGX544MP2 @ 532 MHz + dedicated 2D graphics accelerator 32-bit dual-channel 532 MHz LPDDR2 Q2 2013phyCore-OMAP5430 [27]
Texas Instruments OMAP543228 nm1.5 GHz dual-corePowerVR SGX544MP2 @ 532 MHz + dedicated 2D graphics accelerator 32-bit dual-channel 532 MHz DDR3 Q2 2013 DragonBox Pyra, SVTronics EVM, [28] Compulab SBC-T54 [29]
Texas Instruments AM57x28 nm1.5 GHz single or dual-corePowerVR SGX544MP2 @ 532 MHz + dedicated 2D graphics accelerator 32-bit dual-channel 532 MHz DDR3 Q4 2015 BeagleBoard-X15, [30] BeagleBone AI, [31] Elesar Titanium [32]
Texas Instruments 66AK2x28 nm1.5 GHz single, dual, and quad core devices1-8 C66x DSP cores, radio acceleration, and many other application specific acceleratorsQ4 2015
Exynos 5 Dual [33]
(previously Exynos 5250) [34]
32 nm HKMG1.7 GHz dual-core ARM Cortex-A15ARM Mali-T604 [35] (quad-core) @ 533 MHz; 68.224 GFLOPS [ citation needed ]32-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3/DDR3 (12.8 GB/sec) or 533 MHz LPDDR2 (8.5 GB/sec)Q3 2012 [34] Samsung Chromebook XE303C12, [36] Google Nexus 10, Arndale Board, [37] Huins ACHRO 5250 Exynos, [38] Freelander PD800 HD, [39] Voyo A15, HP Chromebook 11, Samsung Homesync
Exynos 5 Octa [40] [41] [42]
(internally Exynos 5410)
28 nm HKMG1.6 GHz [43] quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.2 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE) [44] IT PowerVR SGX544MP3 (tri-core) @ 480 MHz 49 GFLOPS (532 MHz in some full-screen apps) [45] 32-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3 (12.8 GB/sec)Q2 2013 Samsung Galaxy S4 I9500, [46] [47] Hardkernel ODROID-XU, [48] Meizu MX3, ZTE Grand S II TD [49] ODROID-XU
Exynos 5 Octa [50]
(internally Exynos 5420)
28 nm HKMG1.8-1.9 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.3 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T628 MP6 @ 533 MHz; 109 GFLOPS32-bit dual-channel 933 MHz LPDDR3e (14.9 GB/sec)Q3 2013Samsung Chromebook 2 11.6", [51] Samsung Galaxy Note 3, [52] Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 (2014 Edition), Samsung Galaxy Note Pro 12.2, Samsung Galaxy Tab Pro (12.2 & 10.1), Arndale Octa Board, Galaxy S5 SM-G900H [53]
Exynos 5 Octa [54]
(internally Exynos 5422)
28 nm HKMG2.1 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.5 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T628 MP6 @ 695 MHz (142 Gflops)32-bit dual-channel 933 MHz LPDDR3/DDR3 (14.9 GB/sec)Q2 2014 Galaxy S5 SM-G900, Hardkernel ODROID-XU3 & ODROID-XU4 [55]
Exynos 5 Octa [56]
(internally Exynos 5800)
28 nm HKMG2.1 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.3 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T628 MP6 @ 695 MHz (142 Gflops)32-bit dual-channel 933 MHz LPDDR3/DDR3 (14.9 GB/sec)Q2 2014Samsung Chromebook 2 13,3" [57]
Exynos 5 Hexa [58]
(internally Exynos 5260)
28 nm HKMG1.7 GHz dual-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.3 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T62432-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3 (12.8 GB/sec)Q2 2014Galaxy Note 3 Neo (announced January 31, 2014), Samsung Galaxy K zoom [59]
Allwinner A80 Octa [60] 28 nm HPmQuad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and Quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)PowerVR G6230 (Rogue)32-bit dual-channel DDR3/DDR3L/LPDDR3 or LPDDR2 [61]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">OMAP</span>

The OMAP family, developed by Texas Instruments, was a series of image/video processors. They are proprietary system on chips (SoCs) for portable and mobile multimedia applications. OMAP devices generally include a general-purpose ARM architecture processor core plus one or more specialized co-processors. Earlier OMAP variants commonly featured a variant of the Texas Instruments TMS320 series digital signal processor.

ARM11 is a group of 32-bit RISC ARM processor cores licensed by ARM Holdings. The ARM11 core family consists of ARM1136J(F)-S, ARM1156T2(F)-S, ARM1176JZ(F)-S, and ARM11MPCore. Since ARM11 cores were released from 2002 to 2005, they are no longer recommended for new IC designs, instead ARM Cortex-A and ARM Cortex-R cores are preferred.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tegra</span> System on a chip by Nvidia

Tegra is a system on a chip (SoC) series developed by Nvidia for mobile devices such as smartphones, personal digital assistants, and mobile Internet devices. The Tegra integrates an ARM architecture central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), northbridge, southbridge, and memory controller onto one package. Early Tegra SoCs are designed as efficient multimedia processors. The Tegra-line evolved to emphasize performance for gaming and machine learning applications without sacrificing power efficiency, before taking a drastic shift in direction towards platforms that provide vehicular automation with the applied "Nvidia Drive" brand name on reference boards and its semiconductors; and with the "Nvidia Jetson" brand name for boards adequate for AI applications within e.g. robots or drones, and for various smart high level automation purposes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARM Cortex-A9</span> 32-bit multicore processor developed by SR1

The ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore is a 32-bit multi-core processor that provides up to 4 cache-coherent cores, each implementing the ARM v7 architecture instruction set. It was introduced in 2007.

Google Nexus is a discontinued line of consumer electronic devices that run the Android operating system. Google managed the design, development, marketing, and support of these devices, but some development and all manufacturing were carried out by partnering with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Alongside the main smartphone products, the line also included tablet computers and streaming media players; the Nexus started out in January 2010 and reached its end in October 2016, replaced by Google Pixel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARM Cortex-A8</span>

The ARM Cortex-A8 is a 32-bit processor core licensed by ARM Holdings implementing the ARMv7-A architecture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samsung Galaxy S II</span> 2011 Android smartphone by Samsung

The Samsung Galaxy S II is a touchscreen-enabled, slate-format Android smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Samsung Electronics, as the second smartphone of the Samsung Galaxy S series. It has additional software features, expanded hardware, and a redesigned physique compared to its predecessor, the Samsung Galaxy S. The S II was launched with Android 2.3.4 "Gingerbread", with updates to Android 4.1.2 "Jelly Bean".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exynos</span> Family of system-on-a-chip models with ARM processor cores

Exynos, formerly Hummingbird (Korean: 엑시노스), is a series of ARM-based system-on-chips developed by Samsung Electronics' System LSI division and manufactured by Samsung Foundry. It is a continuation of Samsung's earlier S3C, S5L and S5P line of SoCs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARM Cortex-A7</span> 2011 computer microprocessor core

The ARM Cortex-A7 MPCore is a 32-bit microprocessor core licensed by ARM Holdings implementing the ARMv7-A architecture announced in 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARM big.LITTLE</span> Heterogeneous computing architecture

ARM big.LITTLE is a heterogeneous computing architecture developed by ARM Holdings, coupling relatively battery-saving and slower processor cores (LITTLE) with relatively more powerful and power-hungry ones (big). Typically, only one "side" or the other will be active at once, but all cores have access to the same memory regions, so workloads can be swapped between Big and Little cores on the fly. The intention is to create a multi-core processor that can adjust better to dynamic computing needs and use less power than clock scaling alone. ARM's marketing material promises up to a 75% savings in power usage for some activities. Most commonly, ARM big.LITTLE architectures are used to create a multi-processor system-on-chip (MPSoC).

The ARM Cortex-A57 is a central processing unit implementing the ARMv8-A 64-bit instruction set designed by ARM Holdings. The Cortex-A57 is an out-of-order superscalar pipeline. It is available as SIP core to licensees, and its design makes it suitable for integration with other SIP cores into one die constituting a system on a chip (SoC).

This is a comparison of processors based on the ARM family of instruction sets designed by ARM Holdings and 3rd parties, sorted by version of the ARM instruction set, release and name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samsung Galaxy J7</span> Android smartphone by Samsung

Samsung Galaxy J7 is a mid range Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics in 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samsung Galaxy A3 (2016)</span> 2015 Android smartphone

Samsung Galaxy A3 (2016) or Samsung Galaxy A3 2016 Edition is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. It was introduced on 2 December 2015, along with Galaxy A5 (2016), Galaxy A7 (2016), and Galaxy A9 (2016).

Samsung Galaxy A3 (2017) is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. It was announced on January 2, 2017, along with Samsung Galaxy A5 (2017) and Samsung Galaxy A7 (2017). This move marks Samsung's first product launch since the discontinuation of the Galaxy Note 7 back in October 2016.

The Samsung Galaxy A12 is an Android smartphone manufactured by Samsung Electronics. The phone was announced in November 2020 as a successor to the Samsung Galaxy A11. The phone has a quad-camera setup with a 48 MP main camera and a 6.5 in (170 mm) HD+ Infinity-V display. The Li-Po battery has 5000 mAh. It shipped with Android 10, which can be updated to Android 12.

The Samsung Galaxy F62 is a mid-range Android smartphone manufactured by Samsung Electronics as part of its Galaxy F series. It is the second phone to be released in the series. It has a 7000 mAh battery, a quad camera setup with a 64 MP main camera, as well as a 12 MP ultrawide camera, a 5 MP macro camera and a 5 MP depth sensor, a 6.7 in (17 cm) Super AMOLED Plus display and the Exynos 9825 SoC previously used in the Samsung Galaxy Note 10 and Note 10+ flagship smartphones.

References

  1. 1 2 TI Reveals OMAP 5: The First ARM Cortex A15 SoC
  2. "ARM Expects First Cortex-A15 Devices in Late 2012". Archived from the original on 2011-06-25. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
  3. Cortex-A15 Processor — Product description
  4. 1 2 ARM Unveils Cortex-A15 MPCore Processor to Dramatically Accelerate Capabilities of Mobile, Consumer and Infrastructure Applicationsin the Supporting Technology section
  5. "CoreLink Network Interconnect for AMBA AXI". Archived from the original on 2011-04-05. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
  6. ARM Cortex-A15 - ARM Processor
  7. Exclusive : ARM Cortex-A15 "40 Per Cent" Faster Than Cortex-A9
  8. Morgan, Timothy Prickett. "Calxeda plots server dominance with ARM SoCs". www.theregister.com. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
  9. "ARM: Add support for the Large Physical Address Extensions [LWN.net]". lwn.net. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
  10. Merritt, Rick (23 August 2010). "ARM7 40-bit, virtualization". EE Times .
  11. Exploring the Design of the Cortex-A15 Processor Archived 2013-11-12 at the Wayback Machine Travis Lanier
  12. "ARM A15 web page, Specification tab"
  13. "Cortex-A15 MPCore Technical Reference Manual"
  14. Broadcom announces plans for ARM's Cortex-A15 SoC | thinq
  15. Huawei Announces HiSilicon K3V3 Chipset For Smartphones on Tom's Hardware
  16. NVIDIA Announces "Project Denver" to Build Custom CPU Cores Based on ARM Architecture, Targeting Personal Computers to Supercomputers - NVIDIA Newsroom
  17. Samsung Announces Industry First ARM Cortex-A15 Processor Samples for Tablet Computers
  18. Changing the game: ST-Ericsson Unveils NovaThor Family of Smartphone Platforms Combining its Most Advanced Application Processors with the Latest Generation of Modems Archived 2013-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
  19. Desire Athow (14 March 2011). "Exclusive : ARM Cortex-A15 "40 Per Cent" Faster Than Cortex-A9" . Retrieved 2011-01-22.
  20. "OMAP Applications Processors - OMAP 5 Platform". Archived from the original on 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
  21. TI disrupts the embedded market with the most powerful SoCs featuring real-time processing and multimedia
  22. LG Electronics Licenses ARM Processor Technology to Drive - ARM
  23. Why LG Getting ARM Cortex A15 License Is A Big Deal | ITProPortal.com
  24. 1 2 3 "NVIDIA Embedded Systems for Next-Gen Autonomous Machines".
  25. "359GSM Forum • Виж темата - Nvidia Tegra 4 Wayne (FULL)". Archived from the original on 2013-05-15. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  26. "Jetson TK1 development board". Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
  27. "The phyCORE-OMAP5430 System on Module". Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  28. "OMAP5432 EVM" . Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  29. "TI OMAP5 System-on-Module (SoM)" . Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  30. "BeagleBoard.org - x15". beagleboard.org. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
  31. "BeagleBoard.org - AI". beagleboard.org. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
  32. "Titanium motherboard + Linux operating system". shop.elesar.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
  33. "Samsung Exynos 5 Dual". Products. Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  34. 1 2 "Samsung Announces Industry First ARM Cortex-A15 Processor Samples for Tablet Computers". News. Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. 30 November 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  35. "Samsung Exynos 5 Dual (Exynos 5250) RISC Microprocessor User's Manual Revision 1.0" (PDF). Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. October 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  36. "Samsung Chromebook" . Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  37. "ArndaleBoard.org". www.arndaleboard.org. Archived from the original on 2013-09-26. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  38. "휴인스". Huins.com. Retrieved 2013-07-10.
  39. "Freelander PD800 HD Dual Core Exynos 5250 Android 4.2 Tablet PC 9.7" Retina Capacitive Touch Screen 2048*1536 2GB/16GB BT White". GeekBuying.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  40. "Samsung Highlights Innovations in Mobile Experiences Driven by Components, in CES Keynote". CES News. SAMSUNG. 9 January 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  41. "2013 International CES Keynote". Events. SAMSUNG. 9 January 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  42. Nguyen, Hubert (17 January 2013). "Samsung Exynos 5 Octa Specs & Details". Uberzigmo. Blogzilla LL. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  43. "New Samsung Exynos 5 Octa". Products. Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  44. "Big.LITTLE Processing with ARM Cortex-A15 & Cortex-A7" (PDF). Arm.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  45. "Update on GPU Optimizations in Galaxy S 4". AnandTech. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  46. "Samsung Galaxy S4 32 GB". CaCell. Archived from the original on 2013-10-14. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  47. "Your country will get Exynos or Snapdragon variant of the Galaxy S 4, we have the answer!". SamMobile.com. 20 March 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  48. "Products: Exynos5 Octa". Odroid Platform Developer. Hardkernel Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  49. "ZTE Grand S II TD". DeviceSpecifications. Retrieved 10 January 2014.
  50. "New Samsung Exynos 5 Octa". Products. Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  51. "Samsung Chromebook 2 11.6". Archived from the original on 2014-08-15.
  52. "Samsung Galaxy Note 3 specs and features now official". Androidauthority.com. 4 September 2013. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  53. "Samsung Galaxy S5| Buy Samsung Galaxy S5 Online - Samsung India eStore". Archived from the original on 2014-07-10. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
  54. "Samsung Unveils New Products from its System LSI Business at Mobile World Congress". Samsung Tomorrow. Archived from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  55. "Products: Exynos5 Octa". Odroid Platform Developer. Hardkernel Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  56. "Samsung Exynos". Samsung Tomorrow. Retrieved 28 April 2014.
  57. "Samsung Chromebook 2 13.3".
  58. "Samsung Unveils New Products from its System LSI Business at Mobile World Congress". 26 February 2014. Archived from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
  59. "Samsung Galaxy K zoom". DeviceSpecifications. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
  60. "Allwinner UltraOcta A80 processor packs a PowerVR Series6 GPU with 64 cores". Imagination. March 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
  61. "A80". Allwinner. May 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-05-02. Retrieved 2014-05-02.