Axminster Carpets

Last updated

Axminster Carpets Ltd
TypePrivate company
IndustryCarpet manufacture
Founded Axminster, Devon (1755)
Founder Thomas Whitty
Headquarters
Axminster
,
England
Area served
Global
Key people
Harry Dutfield
ProductsCarpets
Number of employees
130
Website Axminster-Carpets.co.uk

Axminster Carpets Ltd is an Axminster, Devon based English manufacturer of carpets, particularly the same-named Axminster carpets.

Contents

Background

Whilst visiting Cheapside Market, London, Devon-based weaver Thomas Whitty was impressed by a large Turkish carpet he saw. On his return to Axminster, he used his skills to work out how to produce a product of similar quality. After several months work he completed his first carpet on midsummer's day 1755. [1]

Whitty's carpets, looking much like horizontal-tapestries, became the benchmark for wealthy aristocrats to have in their country homes and town houses, between 1755 and 1835. The company produced Axminster carpets for: the music room of the Royal Pavilion, Brighton; Chatsworth House; Powderham Castle; Saltram House; and Warwick Castle. King George III and Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz purchased Axminster carpets and also visited the factory. [1]

In 1800, the company made a 74-by-52-foot (23 m × 16 m) carpet for Mahmud II, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, known today as the most famous Axminster Carpet of all. Depicting a blazing sun, moon and a whole constellation of stars, it cost £1000 (equivalent to £85,897in 2021). Carried out of the factory by thirty men from the local Congregational Church, it was initially placed in the Topkapi Palace. It was then moved to the Defterdar Palace, where it became the property of Esma Sultan, the daughter of Sultan Mustapha III. [2]

Decline

In 1828, a disastrous fire destroyed the weaving looms. In 1835 the company owner, Samuel Rampson Whitty, the founder's grandson, was declared bankrupt. Blackmores of Wilton, Wiltshire, near Salisbury, bought the remaining stock and looms and extended their business to include hand-knotted carpets, which were still called Axminsters. [1]

In July 2012, Axminster Heritage Ltd bought the now Grade II listed former original carpet factory in which Thomas Whitty founded the company and wove the first carpets. It now houses the town's heritage centre, incorporating the town museum and the tourist information centre. [3]

Refoundation

Hamlyns's Mill, Buckfastleigh, which was bought by Harry Dutfield post-World War II to overcome supply difficulties for woollen yarn Hamlyns's Mill, Buckfastleigh - geograph.org.uk - 1222355.jpg
Hamlyns's Mill, Buckfastleigh, which was bought by Harry Dutfield post-World War II to overcome supply difficulties for woollen yarn

In 1929, Kidderminster-resident Scottish-born carpet manufacturer Harry Dutfield founded a new carpet company with his former schoolfriend Stephen Quayle. However, as the depression hit, the company became beset by Union problems. Setting off for the 1935 London Motor Show to buy his first Jaguar car, Dutfield met a vicar on the train from the West Country, who told him that carpets had not been made in the town of Axminster since the 1828 fire. [4]

Returning home, Dutfield formulated a business plan to move his company to Axminster and relaunch Axminster Carpets Ltd. [5] He persuaded the Southern Railway to extend its station at Axminster, and from 1937 lease him land on which to build a suitable factory. [6]

At the outbreak of World War II, Dutfield converted the factory to produce stirrup pumps and later aircraft parts, while Dutfield himself was an officer in the Home Guard. [4]

After hostilities ceased, and with severe shortages of raw materials, keen fisherman Dutfield bought a woollen mill at Buckfast, near Buckfastleigh, which came with salmon fishing rights on the River Dart. [4] This enabled Dutfield to establish the company on its original basis, being the complete "from fleece to floor" carpet maker. [5]

After handing over day-to-day running of the company to his son Simon, Dutfield semi-retired from the company to pursue his hobby of fishing. Awarded an MBE for his services to British exports, Dutfield died at his home in Axminster on 21 May 1999. [4]

Present

The factory outlet for Axminster Carpets Ltd, in Axminster, Devon Axminster Carpets Factory Outlet - geograph.org.uk - 499837.jpg
The factory outlet for Axminster Carpets Ltd, in Axminster, Devon

Today, Axminster Carpets is the only manufacturer to purchase, wash, card, spin and dye its own yarn before weaving the carpet itself. [7]

To celebrate 250 years of carpet weaving in Axminster, in 2005 a commemorative rug was produced. Paraded by the company's weavers through the town, it was then blessed by the Bishop of Exeter and presented to the Earl of Devon. The carpet is now in Clarence House, the then home of King Charles III. [7] Also in 2012, Axminster was awarded a Royal Warrant for the supply of goods and services to the Royal Household. [7] [8]

The modern Axminster-type power loom is capable of weaving high quality carpets with many varying colours and patterns, and is manufactured all over the world. Due to their hard-wearing and durable nature, Axminster carpets are most frequently used in country homes, luxury hotels, global airlines and train carriages. [7] Every Wetherspoon pub has a bespoke designed carpet manufactured by Axminster. [9]

On 19 February 2020 it was announced that the company had gone into administration. [10] However it was bought out of administration in March 2020 by a group of investors including the former owners.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South West England</span> Region of England

South West England, or the South West of England, is one of the nine official regions of England in the United Kingdom. It consists of the counties of Cornwall, Dorset, Devon, Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire. Cities and large towns in the region include Bath, Bristol, Bournemouth, Cheltenham, Exeter, Gloucester, Plymouth and Swindon. It is geographically the largest of the nine regions of England covering 9,200 square miles (23,800 km2), but the third-least populous, with approximately five million residents.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Axminster</span> Town in Devon, England

Axminster is a market town and civil parish on the eastern border of the county of Devon in England. It is 28 miles (45 km) from the county town of Exeter. The town is built on a hill overlooking the River Axe which heads towards the English Channel at Axmouth, and is in the East Devon local government district. At the 2001 census, it had a population of 5,626, increasing to 5,761 at the 2011 census. The town contains two electoral wards whose combined population is 7,110. The market is still held every Thursday.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carpet</span> Textile floor covering

A carpet is a textile floor covering typically consisting of an upper layer of pile attached to a backing. The pile was traditionally made from wool, but since the 20th century synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, nylon, or polyester have often been used, as these fibers are less expensive than wool. The pile usually consists of twisted tufts that are typically heat-treated to maintain their structure. The term carpet is often used in a similar context to the term rug, but rugs are typically considered to be smaller than a room and not attached to the floor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seaton, Devon</span> Town in Devon, England

Seaton is a seaside town, fishing harbour and civil parish in East Devon on the south coast of England, between Axmouth and Beer. It faces onto Lyme Bay and is on the Dorset and East Devon Coast Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. A sea wall provides access to the mostly shingle beach stretching for about a mile, and a small harbour, located mainly in the Axmouth area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wetherspoons</span> British pub chain

J D Wetherspoon plc is a pub company operating in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The company was founded in 1979 by Tim Martin and is based in Watford. It operates the sub-brand of Lloyds No.1 bars, and 56 Wetherspoon hotels. Wetherspoon is known for converting unconventional premises, such as former cinemas and banks, into pubs. The company is publicly listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beer, Devon</span> Village in Devon, England

Beer is a seaside village and civil parish in the East Devon district of Devon, England. The village faces Lyme Bay and is a little over 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the town of Seaton. It is situated on the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site and its picturesque cliffs, including Beer Head, form part of the South West Coast Path.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crediton</span> Town in Devon, England

Crediton is a town and civil parish in the Mid Devon district of Devon, England. It stands on the A377 Exeter to Barnstaple road at the junction with the A3072 road to Tiverton, 7 miles (11 km) north west of Exeter and 14 miles (23 km) from the M5 motorway. It has a population of 21,990.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West of England line</span> British railway line

The West of England line is a British railway line from Basingstoke, Hampshire, to Exeter St Davids in Devon, England. Passenger services run between London Waterloo station and Exeter; the line intersects with the Wessex Main Line at Salisbury. Despite its historic title, it is not today's principal route from London to the West of England: Exeter and everywhere further west are reached more quickly from London Paddington via the Reading–Taunton line.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samuel Oldknow</span> English cotton manufacturer

Samuel Oldknow (1756–1828) was an English cotton manufacturer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Axminster railway station</span> Railway station in Devon, England

Axminster railway station serves the town of Axminster in Devon, England. It is operated by South Western Railway and is situated on the West of England Main Line. It is 144 miles 41 chains (232.6 km) down the line from London Waterloo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wilton, Wiltshire</span> Town and civil parish in Wiltshire, England

Wilton is a town and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. Lying about 3 miles (5 km) west of the city of Salisbury, and until 1889 the county town of Wiltshire, it has a rich heritage dating back to the Anglo-Saxons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feltex Carpets</span>

Feltex Carpets is a manufacturer of residential and commercial carpets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hawkchurch</span> Village in Devon, England

Hawkchurch is a village and civil parish in Devon, England, 3 miles (5 km) north east of Axminster on the border of Devon and Dorset, and about 6 miles (10 km) south of Somerset. It is 4 miles (6 km) north of the tourist and fishing town of Lyme Regis.

Thomas Whitty (1713–1792) was an English carpet manufacturer who founded Axminster Carpets in 1755.

Axminster Museum is a town museum situated in the Old Police Station and Courthouse opposite St. Mary's Church in the centre of the town of Axminster, Devon, England. It was founded in 1982.

This article describes the history and operation of the railway routes west of Salisbury built by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) and allied companies, which ultimately became part of the Southern Railway in the United Kingdom. Salisbury forms a natural boundary between the Southern Railway core routes in the counties surrounding London, and the long route connecting with the Devon and Cornwall lines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Donegal tweed</span>

Donegal tweed is a woven tweed manufactured in County Donegal, Ireland. Originally all handwoven, it is now mostly machine woven and has been since the introduction of mechanised looms in the 1950s-1960s. Donegal has for centuries been producing tweed from local materials in the making of caps, suits and vests. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, The Royal Linen Manufacturers of Ulster distributed approximately six thousand flax spinning wheels and sixty looms for weaving to various Donegal homesteads. These machines helped establish the homespun tweed industry in nineteenth-century Donegal. Although Donegal tweed has been manufactured for centuries it took on its modern form in the 1880s, largely due to the pioneering work of English philanthropist Alice Rowland Hart.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harle Syke Mill</span>

Harle Syke mill is a weaving shed in Briercliffe on the outskirts of Burnley, Lancashire, England. It was built on a green field site in 1856, together with terraced houses for the workers. These formed the nucleus of the community of Harle Syke. The village expanded and six other mills were built, including Queen Street Mill.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buckfast</span> Village in Devon, England

Buckfast is a small village near Buckfastleigh in Teignbridge district, Devon, England, on the bank of the River Dart. It is the home of Buckfast Abbey, an active Benedictine monastery, which gave its name to Buckfast Tonic Wine, originally made there, and to the Buckfast bee, a bee breed originally developed at Buckfast Abbey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oriental Carpet Manufacturers</span>

The Oriental Carpet Manufacturers (OCM) was a London-based company involved in the production of, and trade with, Oriental carpets. Established in 1907/8 in Istanbul, the company set up and controlled their own carpet manufactures in the central Anatolian region around the town of Konya, and from 1911 onwards, in the Hamadan Province in northwestern Iran. In 1968 it was sold, and merged with one of its former affiliates, the Eastern Kayyam Company. From 1924 until 1948, OCM was led by Arthur Cecil Edwards, who, after retiring, wrote a text book on Persian Carpets, which is still in print today.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Peter Long (2005). The Hidden Places of Devon. Travel Publishing Ltd. ISBN   1-904434-30-4.
  2. "The Most Famous Axminster Carpet of all". Axminster Heritage. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  3. "Axminster Heritage buy Thomas Whitty's factory". Axminster Heritage. July 2012. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Harry Dutfield – Obituary". The Independent. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  5. 1 2 "Our History". Axminster Carpets Ltd. Archived from the original on 2 March 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  6. Phillips, Derek; Pryer, George (1997). The Salisbury to Exeter Line. Sparkford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN   0-86093-525-6.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Axminster Carpets: a history". The Daily Telegraph . 20 February 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  8. "Meet the company making carpets for Wetherspoon and the Queen". The Independent. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  9. The secret life of Wetherspoon's freaky carpets The Guardian 10 January 2016
  10. "Axminster Carpets collapses into administration". BBC News. 19 February 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.

Further reading