Bellamy and Hardy was an architectural practice in Lincoln, England, that specialised particularly in the design of public buildings and non-conformist chapels. Pearson Bellamy had established his own architectural practice by 1845 and he entered into a partnership with James Spence Hardy in June 1853. Both partners had previously worked for the Lincoln architect William Adams Nicholson. Hardy was described as "Chief Clerk" to Nicholson. [1] Hardy joined Pearson Bellamy immediately after the sudden death of Nicholson. As all known architectural drawings by the practice are signed Pearson Bellamy, it is likely that Bellamy was the architect and Hardy was the administrator in the practice. The partnership lasted until 1887. [2] Bellamy continued to practise until 1896. [3]
This architectural practice were the designers of a large number of buildings in Lincolnshire and more widely within the British Isles. In 1841 Hardy was working as an assistant to the Lincoln architect William Adams Nicholson, while Bellamy was apprenticed to Nicholson. John Spence Hardy was born in Preston in Lancashire around 1815 and Pearson Bellamy was born in Louth in 1822. [4] Pearson Bellamy completed his articles with Nicholson and then worked as an assistant to architects in Manchester and Liverpool. [5] Bellamy returned to Lincoln, perhaps in 1845, and on 16 July 1845 married Caroline Ann Penistan at St Swithin's Church, Lincoln. In May 1846 Bellamy became a partner with his brother-in-law Michael Penistan in an agricultural engineering business on Broadgate. [6] Bellamy continued with his architectural practice at 11 Broadgate, [7] and the partnership with Penistan was short lived. [8] John Spence Hardy had also left Nicholson's practice and by 1848 he was working with the York architect Richard Hey Sharp. Following the death of Sharp, Hardy sold up the York practice and on 11 June 1853 he formed an architectural practice with Pearson Bellamy in Lincoln. , [9] Their practice moved to 30 Broadgate, Lincoln. [10] In 1851 Pearson Bellamy was living in Melville Street, Lincoln, but probably moved to Carholme Terrace later in that year and was recorded there in 1856. [11] He remained there until after 1872, when it was known as No. 1 Carholme Road, [12] (now the Hollies Hotel). In 1881 he was living with his family at 14 Tentercroft Street and by 1889 he had moved to Weston Lodge, South Park, but by 1896 Pearson Bellamy had moved back to 14 Tentercroft Street. [13] Bellamy and Hardy "Architects and Surveyors" had offices in Melville Street, Lincoln. [14] In 1896 Pearson Bellamy is noted as working by himself at 29, Broadgate, Lincoln. [15] These premises, which have now been re-built were adjacent and on the north side of the Jolly Brewer in Broadgate. Hardy died in November 1892. [16] Pearson Bellamy died in June 1901 at 14 Tentercroft Street. [17] [18]
Nikolaus Pevsner had mixed views about the work of Pearson Bellamy. When discussing the Royal Exchange Offices in Lincoln, he refers to Pearson Bellamy as an underrated architect, [19] which contrasts with his description of Leighton Buzzard Corn Exchange (see below), which he seems to like, but criticises because it is not stylistically correct, calling it "Victorian at its most irresponsible". However, Pevsner considered their cemetery chapels at Loughborough "the best cemetery buildings in the county." [20]
Following the Local Government Act of 1858, which was adopted by Corporation of Lincoln in 1866, a Local Government Board was set up. [21] In June 1866 the Board voted to appoint a surveyor to supervise sanitary and planning applications for the City. There were applications for the post from Michael Drury, the Corporation Surveyor, Henry Goddard, surveyor to the Lighting and Paving Commissioners, a Mr Betham and Pearson Bellamy. Henry Goddard's application was unexpectedly withdrawn. Bellamy was appointed to the position. [22] From this time Pearson Bellamy seems to have been increasingly occupied by this work in the City, but resigned sometime between 1875 and 1878, by which time he had been replaced by a John James Henderson. [23]
Houses in Louth. Pearson Bellamy designed many houses in Louth, particularly near Linden Walk, Newmarket and Lee Street. An example of a larger villa house is Elmhurst on Crowtree Lane. [129] Houses in Leighton Buzzard In October 1861 Pearson Bellamy advertised for tenders for building three villas in Hockliffe Road, Leighton Buzzard. These houses appear to be nos. 50, 52 and 57 Hockliffe Road. [130]
Bellamy and Hardy were very involved in the suburban development on the edge of the historic core of Lincoln which took place in the second half of the 19th. century. This is included the designing of villa residences for Lincoln's prospering middle classes. The main areas that were developed by Bellamy and Hardy were in Newland, Newland Street West, Orchard Street and lower part of Yarborourgh Road on the western side of Lincoln; houses in Sewell Road and Lindum Terrace in the north-east and St Catherine's and South Park on the southern side. [131]
In the 1870s Bellamy developed a group of houses on South Park facing South Common. These included numbers 58-59, a double villa (Briergate and Clyde Villa) in 1889. [145] Briergate was the home of Bellamy's son-in-law William Rainforth jnr. He also designed impressive villas nos 72 and 73 built in a Venetian Gothic style in 1872. [146]
6,7 & 8 Kilnwell Road, Market Rasen, Lincolnshire. Three houses, No 8 being a single villa house and No 6-7 being a double villa house appear to be the houses, referred to in the Stamford Mercury, as being rebuilt in 1852. [147]
It is likely that Pearson Bellamy designed a considerable number of houses in Grimsby in the period 1855-75, but at the moment, while many houses have the stylistic characteristics of Bellamy’s work, confirmation from documentary sources is not forthcoming. The Lincolnshire Chronicle does refer to three houses in Lower Burgess Street being built to Bellamy’s designs, but these appear to have been demolished. [148] Possible buildings cluster round Bargate, Abbey Road, Augusta Street, Dudley Street Welholme road and Welholme Avenue. Many of these houses have Venetian windows and arched windows, of a design often used by Bellamy. In Abbey Road "The Hawthorns " and "St Leonard’s House" (nos. 103 & 105) have black bricks sandwiched between yellow brick stringing and roof cresting, which is typical of Bellamy's designs. [149] The adjacent terrace, known as Clarence Terrace (65-95 Abbey Road ) and nicknamed the spectacles houses might be attributed to Bellamy. These are two storey, red brick, with blue slate roofs with iron cresting, cornice gutters with modillions. The western terrace has bands of fishscale decoration to the roof slates. Pairs of houses have a double porch supported by round columns with floriated capitals, and bay window on the ground floor with and arched sash windows above. The roofs have a row of distinctive oculus dormer windows, which are borrowed from mid-19th century French Beaux-Arts architecture.
On Bargate The Wheatsheaf ( No 47), formerly Bank House, has a frontage facing Welholme Road, with an extended side elevation along Bargate and it has three Venetian style windows of a design used by Bellamy. Adjacent to the Wheatsheaf on Welholme Road is the former Lancaster House (now Welholme Road Care Centre), [150] an impressive house, again with typical Venetian Windows. This has an oculus dormer window, similar to those on Clarence Terrace on Abbey Road. A similar house in a with Venetian windows is Claremont House in Welholme Avenue close to Abbey Road.
The provision of cemeteries by Town Councils which were separate from churchyards, largely came about as a result of the Burial Act 1854 (17 & 18 Vict c 87). It is one of the Burial Acts 1852 to 1885. The purpose of the 1854 Act purpose was to give provision for town councils to form burial boards to create and maintain cemeteries for parishes within their jurisdiction using funds from the Borough Rate. Following the passing of the Act during the next 30–40 years, very many new cemeteries were laid out. Bellamy and Hardy developed an expertise in cemetery design and layout for which they were awarded contracts in various parts of midland England. The design of the cemetery chapels is fairly standard with two side chapels linked by an arch which was surmounted by a spire. Pearson Bellamy's distinctive design for cemetery chapels appears to have arisen as a result of a dispute during the construction of his earliest cemetery chapels at Louth. Here he had designed two freestanding chapels, one for Anglicans and the other for Nonconformists, which were approached through a red brick Tudoresque tower. The vicar of Louth objected to this arrangement as he would have to step outside the chapel onto unconsecrated roadway to greet the funeral cortege. Eventually the chapel and a surrounding area for Anglican burials was consecrated by the Bishop of Lincoln in December 1855. [216] The later design with two chapels either side of an arch solved this problem, and as result the design was widely adopted. At Stoke-on-Trent, Bellamy and Hardy were supposed only to have laid out the cemetery and a local architect supplied the plans, but as the chapels are typical of Bellamy and Hardy's work, this is unlikely to be the case. The Middlewich cemetery chapels and the Oakham cemetery chapels are identical, apart from a slight alteration to the design of the central arch. In the Lincoln cemetery on Canwick Road, Bellamy and Hardy laid out the cemetery, but another Lincoln architect, William Mortimer provided the plans for the cemetery chapels. However, the Lodge of 1856 for the adjacent New Cemetery on Washingborough Road was designed by Bellamy. [217]
Hugh Segar "Sam" Scorer FRIBA FRSA was an English architect who worked in Lincoln, England and was a leading pioneer in the development of hyperbolic paraboloid roof structures using concrete. He also was involved in architectural conservation and research into the work of local 19th-century architects, as well as founding an art gallery in Lincoln, now known as the Sam Scorer Gallery. He held the rare distinction of having two of his buildings listed within his lifetime.
Edward James Willson was an English architect, antiquary, architectural writer, and mayor of Lincoln in 1851–2.
William Adams Nicholson was an English architect who worked in Lincoln and was a founding member of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
John Giles was a British architect. He was born in Lincoln, probably in 1830, and his family came from Branston near Lincoln. He was articled to the Lincoln architect Pearson Bellamy. He had moved to London by 1859 and with Pearson Bellamy entered a number competitions for major public buildings. Of these only one, for Grimsby Town, was successful. In London he was responsible for a number of major projects including the Langham Hotel. He also started in 1869 on the design of hospitals with the Infirmary to Hampstead Union Workhouse. After a short period of partnership with Lewis Angel, when Stratford Town Hall was built and with Edward Biven, by 1873 he was in partnership with Albert Edward Gough. They were joined in the practice by J E Trollope and they became involved in the design of Arts and Crafts housing in London's west end. Giles had business interests in the City of London and was noted in 1867 as being a Director of the Imperial Guardian Life Insurance Company.
Charles Bell FRIBA (1846–99) was a British architect who designed buildings in the United Kingdom, including over 60 Wesleyan Methodist chapels.
William Watkins (1834–1926) was an architect who worked in Lincoln, England, and is particularly noted for his Terracotta Revival Architecture.
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William Haywood was an architect who worked in Lincoln, England. His father John who died in 1817 was mayor of Lincoln twice and worked as a mason. Haywood succeeded his father as mayor after his death in 1817. His grandfather, John Hayward (1708–78) was also a mason in Lincoln. William Hayward's great grandfather was Abraham Haywood an architect of Whitchurch, Shropshire who came to Lincoln around 1720. William Haywood succeeded William Lumby as Surveyor to Lincoln Cathedral in 1799 and Edward James Willson followed him in this position in 1823. William Hayward also succeeded William Lumby as Surveyor for the Lincolnshire County County Committee, which had responsibility for Lincoln Castle and the prison. Howard Colvin considered Hayward to be a competent designer in the ‘Regency’ style and that from the re-construction of Kirton in Holland church in 1804 had an understanding of Gothic architecture quite remarkable at that date. Hayward also rebuilt the tower of Wrangle church in a similar style in 1820.
Michael Drury was an English architect working in Lincoln.
Henry Goddard was an English architect who was a member of a family of architects who worked in Leicester. He moved to Lincoln and was later in partnership with his son Francis Henry Goddard.
Thomas Lumby and William Lumby (c1755-1804) were master carpenters and architects working in Lincoln in the latter part of the 18th century. Thomas Lumby was the father of William. As they worked together and there is some confusion as which buildings each of them designed, they have been grouped together. It seems likely that after 1784, William Lumby had taken the business over from his father. Thomas Lumby undertook work at a number of major houses in Lincolnshire including Doddington Hall and Burghley House as well as building Caenby Hall and Corporation House (now the Exchange at Boston, Lincolnshire.
Kirk and Parry were an architectural and civil engineering practice in Sleaford that specialised in the design of public buildings, housing and the construction of Railways. The practice was initially founded by Charles Kirk (senior) (1791–1847). Thomas Parry, (1818-1879) was an articled clerk to Charles Kirk. Parry married Henrietta, daughter of Charles Kirk in 1841 and formed a partnership with Charles Kirk. Following the death of Charles Kirk in 1847, his son, Charles Kirk (junior) (1825-1902), then became a partner with Thomas Parry. Charles Kirk Junior was the architect in the practice and Parry probably acted as an administrator. Thomas Parry was a Liberal Party politician from who sat in the House of Commons for three short periods between 1865 and 1874. By 1903 the firm had changed its name to Kirk, Knight and Co. This article surveys the work of Kirk and Parry and its successor firm, from 1847 until it ceased trading in 1906.
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Corn exchanges are distinct buildings which were originally created as a venue for corn merchants to meet and arrange pricing with farmers for the sale of wheat, barley, and other corn crops. The word "corn" in British English denotes all cereal grains, such as wheat and barley. With the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846, a large number of corn exchanges were built in England, particularly in the corn-growing areas of Eastern England.
John Henry Cooper (c. 1855 – 19 November 1910) was an architect who worked in Lincoln, Lincolnshire. Initially he worked for the Lincoln architect Henry Goddard, but had set up his own practice by 1888. He designed shops, chapels and houses in Lincoln and Lincolnshire, and he was surveyor to the Lincoln Co-operative Society.
Joseph Boothroyd Corby (1839–1913) was an English architect who worked in Stamford, Lincolnshire.
William Scorer (1843–1934) was an architect who worked mainly in Lincoln, but also in Liverpool and London.
Louth Cemetery on London Road is the cemetery for Louth in Lincolnshire. Opened in 1855, the cemetery's distinctive gate lodge and two cemetery chapels were designed by Lincoln architects Bellamy and Hardy. The gate lodge is a Grade II listed building on the register of Historic England.
The Corn Exchange is a commercial building in Sincil Street, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. The structure, which is now used as a restaurant and shops, is a Grade II listed building.