Biscay (Basque Parliament constituency)

Last updated
Biscay
Basque Parliament
Electoral constituency
BasqueParliamentDistricts(Biscay).png
Location of Biscay within the Basque Country
Province Biscay
Autonomous community Basque Country
Population Green Arrow Up Darker.svg 1,152,651 (2019) [1]
Electorate Red Arrow Down.svg 950,563 (2020) [2]
Major settlements Bilbao, Barakaldo, Getxo
Current constituency
Created 1980
Seats20 (1980–1984)
25 (1984–present)
Member(s)
  •   PNV (12)
  •   EH Bildu (7)
  •   PSE–EE (3)
  •   Podemos (1)
  •   EzAn–IU (1)
  •   PP (1)

Biscay (Basque : Bizkaia, Spanish : Vizcaya) is one of the three constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Basque Parliament, the regional legislature of the Basque Autonomous Community. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Biscay. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Contents

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Statute of Autonomy for the Basque Country of 1979 and was first contested in the 1980 regional election. The Statute provided for the three provinces in the Basque Country—Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa—to be established as multi-member districts in the Basque Parliament, with this regulation being maintained under the 1983 and 1990 regional electoral laws. Each constituency is allocated a fixed number of 25 seats each, to provide for an equal representation of the three provinces in Parliament as required under the regional Statute. The exception was the 1980 election, when this number was 60. [3] [4] [5]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Basques abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado) which was abolished in 2022. [6] [7] Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which, until 1983 and from 1990 includes blank ballots; also and until a 2000 reform, the threshold was set at five percent—being applied in each constituency. [3] [4] [5] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude. [8]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1983; and only the signature of 500 electors from 1983 to 1990—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. [4] [5] [9] [10]

Deputies

Deputies 1980–present
Key to parties
   HB
   EH
   EHAK
   EH Bildu [lower-alpha 1]
   EH Bildu [lower-alpha 2]
   EPK
   IU/EB
   EB–B
   Elkarrekin Podemos
   Aralar
   EE
   PSE/PSE–EE
   EA
   PNV/PNV–EA
   UCD
   PP+Cs
   PP
   CP
   AP/AP–PL
ParliamentElectionDistribution
1st 1980
4113911
2nd 1984
326122
3rd 1986
436381
4th 1990
4252102
5th 1994
3242104
6th 1998
415195
7th 2001
214126
8th 2005
216115
9th 2009
18124
10th 2012
65113
11th 2016
543112
12th 2020
623122
13th 2024
84112

Elections

2024 regional election

Summary of the 21 April 2024 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)223,11839.08–3.0811–1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)161,48628.28+4.588+2
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))79,57513.94+0.474+1
People's Party (PP)151,6449.04+2.252±0
Unite (Sumar)219,1553.35 n/a 0±0
United We Can–Green Alliance (Podemos/Ahal Dugu–AV)212,7382.23n/a0–2
Vox (Vox)10,8221.90+0.040±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)32,8270.50–0.090±0
Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB/AZ)1,2600.22–0.010±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)9200.16+0.030±0
To Be (Izan)7800.14New0±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE)6660.12±0.000±0
Humanist Party (PH)4750.08+0.020±0
Blank ballots5,5280.96+0.01
Total570,99425±0
Valid votes570,99499.24+0.06
Invalid votes4,3710.76–0.06
Votes cast / turnout575,36560.83+10.43
Abstentions370,51339.17–10.43
Registered voters945,878
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

2020 regional election

Summary of the 12 July 2020 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)200,33942.16+0.3512+1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)112,61923.70+6.246+1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))64,00113.47+1.823±0
United We Can–United Left (Podemos/Ahal Dugu, Ezker Anitza–IU)40,4538.51–6.242–2
People's Party+Citizens (PP+Cs)132,2486.79–4.792±0
Vox (Vox)8,8151.86New0±0
Equo Greens–Basque Country Greens (Equo Berdeak–Verdes)5,5331.16New0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)2,7970.59–0.210±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ)1,0790.23+0.070±0
Zero Cuts–The Greens–Municipalists (Recortes Cero–LV–M)6760.14–0.080±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)6130.13New0±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK)5490.12New0±0
Free for the Basque Country (LxE/EaL)3590.08New0±0
Humanist Party (PH)2790.06±0.000±0
Foralist League (LFF)2580.05New0±0
Blank ballots4,5240.95+0.34
Total475,14225±0
Valid votes475,14299.18–0.38
Invalid votes3,9160.82+0.38
Votes cast / turnout479,05850.40–10.08
Abstentions471,50649.60+10.08
Registered voters950,564
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

2016 regional election

Summary of the 25 September 2016 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)238,58141.81+3.8711±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)99,61017.46–3.745–1
United We Can (Podemos, Ezker Anitza–IU, Equo)184,19514.75+11.334+4
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))66,50611.65–7.063–2
People's Party (PP)55,1289.66–2.002–1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)10,9631.92New0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)4,5560.80+0.460±0
Let's Win the Basque Country: Yes We Can (Ganemos Irabazi)3,3370.58New0±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)1,2770.22New0±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV)1,0310.18+0.040±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ)9030.16–0.760±0
Basque Communists–Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (EK–PCPE)4660.08+0.010±0
Humanist Party (PH)3510.06–0.030±0
Welcome (Ongi Etorri)2500.04New0±0
Blank ballots3,4840.61–0.65
Total570,63825±0
Valid votes570,63899.56+0.33
Invalid votes2,4950.44–0.33
Votes cast / turnout573,13360.48–3.99
Abstentions374,50339.52+3.99
Registered voters947,636
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

2012 regional election

Summary of the 21 October 2012 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/-
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)230,20437.94–3.1611–1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)1128,64421.20+14.116+5
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))113,53618.71–11.545–3
People's Party (PP)70,74911.66–2.263–1
United Left–The Greens: Plural Left (IU–LV)16,1092.65New0±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)10,8551.79–0.070±0
United Left–Greens (EB–B)9,8171.62–1.790±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ)5,5980.92New0±0
Equo Greens–Basque Ecologists (Equo)24,6560.77+0.310±0
Hartos.org (Hartos.org)2,8310.47New0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)2,0520.34+0.080±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)1,1590.19–0.020±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV)8210.14–0.040±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)7780.13–0.030±0
Humanist Party (PH)5550.09+0.020±0
Basque Communists–Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (EK–PCPE)4420.07New0±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)3070.05New0±0
Blank ballots7,6491.26+0.24
Total606,76225±0
Valid votes606,76299.23+6.19
Invalid votes4,7210.77–6.19
Votes cast / turnout611,48364.47–1.87
Abstentions336,93935.53+1.87
Registered voters948,422
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

2009 regional election

Summary of the 1 March 2009 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)1241,73241.10 n/a 12+2
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))177,87530.25+7.058+2
People's Party (PP)81,83713.92–3.554–1
Aralar (Aralar)24,6394.19+2.631+1
United Left–Greens (EB–B)20,0803.41–2.100–1
Basque Solidarity (EA)117,0332.90n/a0–1
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)10,9161.86New0±0
The Greens (B/LV)2,6890.46New0±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ZAAAA)1,5040.26–0.020±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)1,2320.21+0.020±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV)1,0520.18New0±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)9690.16–0.070±0
Humanist Party (PH)4180.07–0.030±0
Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC)1510.03±0.000±0
Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK) n/a n/a–9.990–2
Blank ballots5,9721.02+0.28
Total588,09925±0
Valid votes588,09993.04–6.63
Invalid votes43,9716.96+6.63
Votes cast / turnout632,07066.34–1.57
Abstentions320,77433.66+1.57
Registered voters952,844
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

2005 regional election

Summary of the 17 April 2005 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)267,24740.66–2.7611–1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))152,45923.20+5.146+2
People's Party (PP)114,84517.47–5.985–1
Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK)165,6239.99+1.992±0
United Left–Greens (EB–B)236,2265.51–0.141±0
Aralar (Aralar)10,2421.56New0±0
Greens–Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (B–PACMA)1,8650.28New0±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)1,4990.23New0±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)1,2610.19New0±0
Humanist Party (PH)6740.10–0.080±0
Alavese Unity (UA)2160.03New0±0
Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC)1790.03New0±0
Blank ballots4,8660.74–0.05
Total657,20225±0
Valid votes657,20299.67+0.08
Invalid votes2,1640.33–0.08
Votes cast / turnout659,36667.91–11.21
Abstentions311,59132.09+11.21
Registered voters970,957
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

2001 regional election

Summary of the 13 May 2001 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)1335,94543.42+4.8512+2
People's Party (PP)2181,40423.45+3.126+1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))139,68418.06–0.214–1
Basque Citizens (EH)61,8948.00–6.572–2
United Left (IU/EB)43,7015.65–0.551±0
Party of the Democratic Karma (PKD)2,0000.26New0±0
Humanist Party (PH)1,3610.18–0.090±0
Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)1,0170.13New0±0
Freedom (Askatasuna)2570.03New0±0
Carlist Party (EKA/PC)2200.03New0±0
Blank ballots6,1450.79–0.60
Total773,62825±0
Valid votes773,62899.59+0.16
Invalid votes3,1800.41–0.16
Votes cast / turnout776,80879.12+15.59
Abstentions204,99520.88–15.59
Registered voters981,803
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

1998 regional election

Summary of the 25 October 1998 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)224,54232.60–2.519–1
People's Party (PP)139,16120.20+5.175+1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))125,83418.27+0.895+1
Basque Citizens (EH)1100,37714.57+1.184+1
United Left (IU/EB)42,7146.20–3.851–1
Basque Solidarity (EA)41,0965.97–1.121–1
Natural Law Party (PLN/LNA)2,7690.40New0±0
Humanist Party (PH)1,8920.27New0±0
Alavese Unity (UA)9130.13–0.130±0
Blank ballots9,5561.39–0.15
Total688,85425±0
Valid votes688,85499.43+0.03
Invalid votes3,9720.57–0.03
Votes cast / turnout692,78163.53+3.16
Abstentions298,45736.47–3.16
Registered voters991,238
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

1994 regional election

Summary of the 23 October 1994 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)201,83335.11+0.7410±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))199,93117.38–9.864–3
People's Party (PP)86,39815.03+6.414+2
Popular Unity (HB)76,98813.39–2.833–1
United Left (IU/EB)57,76510.05+8.342+2
Basque Solidarity (EA)40,7527.09–0.912±0
Alavese Unity (UA)1,4890.26+0.230±0
Coalition for a New Socialist Party (NPS)28040.14+0.080±0
Blank ballots8,8651.54+0.88
Total574,82525±0
Valid votes574,82599.40–0.08
Invalid votes3,4960.60+0.08
Votes cast / turnout578,32160.37–0.16
Abstentions379,69139.63+0.16
Registered voters958,012
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

1990 regional election

Summary of the 28 October 1990 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)192,90334.37+5.5610+2
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)111,92019.94–2.545–1
Popular Unity (HB)91,04716.22+0.274±0
People's Party (PP)148,4058.62+3.482+1
Basque Solidarity (EA)44,9228.00–3.752–1
Basque Country Left (EE)40,9837.30–2.912–1
United Left (IU/EB)9,6091.71+0.920±0
Socialist Democracy (DS)3,7240.66New0±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)3,0690.55–2.650±0
The Ecologist Greens (LVE)2,4470.44New0±0
Basque Country Greens (EHB)2,4150.43New0±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE)2,0700.37New0±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST)1,8780.32+0.010±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country People (PCPE/EHAC)5990.11New0±0
Humanist Party (PH)4410.08–0.050±0
Alliance for the Republic (AxR)23470.06–0.050±0
Revolutionary Communist League–Communist Movement (LKI–EMK)3260.06New0±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))32720.05–0.020±0
Alavese Unity (UA)1830.03New0±0
Blank ballots3,6790.66+0.22
Total561,23925±0
Valid votes561,23999.48–0.03
Invalid votes2,9230.52+0.03
Votes cast / turnout564,16260.53–9.24
Abstentions367,83439.47+9.24
Registered voters931,996
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:

1986 regional election

Summary of the 30 November 1986 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)183,76628.81–14.948–4
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)143,38722.48–0.596±0
Popular Unity (HB)101,73315.95+3.024+1
Basque Solidarity (EA)74,92111.75New3+3
Basque Country Left (EE)65,11610.21+2.783+1
People's Alliance–Liberal Party (AP–PL)132,7645.14–4.251–1
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)20,3873.20New0±0
United Left (IU/EB)5,0550.79New0±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)3,8950.61–1.160±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST)1,9940.31–0.050±0
Humanist Party (PH)8560.13New0±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)6830.11New0±0
Republican Popular Unity (UPR)24140.07–0.060±0
Blank ballots32,7980.44±0.00
Total637,76925±0
Valid votes637,76999.51+0.05
Invalid votes3,1690.49–0.05
Votes cast / turnout640,93869.77+1.51
Abstentions277,74730.23–1.51
Registered voters918,685
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:
  • 1 People's Alliance–Liberal Party results are compared to People's Coalition totals in the 1984 election.
  • 2 Republican Popular Unity results are compared to Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) totals in the 1984 election.
  • 3 The 1983 electoral law provided that blank ballots would not count as valid votes for the application of the 5 percent threshold in each district. However, this rule was not determinant in excluding any party from seat distribution during its time of application (the 1984 and 1986 elections). As a result, and for comparison purposes, blank ballots are shown here included within valid votes.

1984 regional election

Summary of the 26 February 1984 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)261,91143.75+3.7812+3
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)138,09323.07+8.646+3
Popular Unity (HB)77,40712.93–3.423–1
People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL)156,2079.39+3.622+1
Basque Country Left (EE)44,5007.43–0.352+1
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)10,6111.77–3.010–1
Neighborhood Labor (Auzolan)24,3570.73–0.880±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST)2,1730.36–0.050±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))7920.13New0±0
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) n/a n/a–6.750–1
Blank ballots32,6410.44+0.02
Total598,69225+5
Valid votes598,69299.46+0.54
Invalid votes3,2350.54–0.54
Votes cast / turnout601,92768.26+7.26
Abstentions279,91631.74–7.26
Registered voters881,843
Sources [11] [12]
Footnotes:
  • 1 People's Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance totals in the 1980 election.
  • 2 Auzolan results are compared to the combined totals of Communist Movement of the Basque Country and Revolutionary Communist League in the 1980 election.
  • 3 The 1983 electoral law provided that blank ballots would not count as valid votes for the application of the 5 percent threshold in each district. However, this rule was not determinant in excluding any party from seat distribution during its time of application (the 1984 and 1986 elections). As a result, and for comparison purposes, blank ballots are shown here included within valid votes.

1980 regional election

Summary of the 9 March 1980 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)206,05139.97 n/a 9n/a
People's Unity (HB)84,27316.35n/a4n/a
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)74,37914.43n/a3n/a
Basque Country Left (EE)40,0857.78n/a1n/a
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)34,7816.75n/a1n/a
People's Alliance (AP)29,7475.77n/a1n/a
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)24,6604.78n/a1n/a
Communist Movement of the Basque Country (EMK/MCE)5,6541.10n/a0n/a
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh)2,7600.54n/a0n/a
Revolutionary Communist League (LKI/LCR)2,6520.51n/a0n/a
Workers' Socialist Party (PST)2,0990.41n/a0n/a
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)1,4660.28n/a0n/a
Workers' Party of the Basque Country (ORT–PTE)1,4040.27n/a0n/a
Basque Socialists' Unity Force (ESEI)1,3430.26n/a0n/a
Communist Unity (UC)1,3400.26n/a0n/a
Carlist Party (EKA/PC)6840.13n/a0n/a
Blank ballots2,1640.42n/a
Total515,54220n/a
Valid votes515,54298.92n/a
Invalid votes5,6521.08n/a
Votes cast / turnout521,19461.00n/a
Abstentions333,17339.00n/a
Registered voters854,367
Sources [11] [12]

Notes

  1. ↑ From 2023.
  2. ↑ Until 2023.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Álava (Basque Parliament constituency)</span>

Álava is one of the three constituencies represented in the Basque Parliament, the regional legislature of the Basque Autonomous Community. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Álava. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gipuzkoa (Basque Parliament constituency)</span>

Gipuzkoa is one of the three constituencies represented in the Basque Parliament, the regional legislature of the Basque Autonomous Community. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Gipuzkoa. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A Coruña (Parliament of Galicia constituency)</span>

A Coruña is one of the four constituencies represented in the Parliament of Galicia, the regional legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of A Coruña. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lugo (Parliament of Galicia constituency)</span> Electoral constituency of the Parliament of Galicia

Lugo is one of the four constituencies represented in the Parliament of Galicia, the regional legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia. The constituency currently elects 14 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Lugo. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ourense (Parliament of Galicia constituency)</span>

Ourense is one of the four constituencies represented in the Parliament of Galicia, the regional legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia. The constituency currently elects 14 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Ourense. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontevedra (Parliament of Galicia constituency)</span>

Pontevedra is one of the four constituencies represented in the Parliament of Galicia, the regional legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia. The constituency currently elects 22 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Pontevedra. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">El Hierro (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency)</span>

El Hierro is one of the seven constituencies represented in the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands. The constituency currently elects 3 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of El Hierro. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of fifteen percent in the constituency or four percent regionally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fuerteventura (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency)</span>

Fuerteventura is one of the seven constituencies represented in the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands. The constituency currently elects 8 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Fuerteventura. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of fifteen percent in the constituency or four percent regionally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gran Canaria (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency)</span>

Gran Canaria is one of the seven constituencies represented in the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands. The constituency currently elects 15 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Gran Canaria. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of fifteen percent in the constituency or four percent regionally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">La Gomera (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency)</span>

La Gomera is one of the seven constituencies represented in the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands. The constituency currently elects 4 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of La Gomera. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of fifteen percent in the constituency or four percent regionally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanzarote (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency)</span>

Lanzarote is one of the seven constituencies represented in the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands. The constituency currently elects 8 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Lanzarote. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of fifteen percent in the constituency or four percent regionally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">La Palma (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency)</span>

La Palma is one of the seven constituencies represented in the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands. The constituency currently elects 8 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of La Palma. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of fifteen percent in the constituency or four percent regionally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tenerife (Parliament of the Canary Islands constituency)</span> Spanish political constituency

Tenerife is one of the seven constituencies represented in the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands. The constituency currently elects 15 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Tenerife. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of fifteen percent in the constituency or four percent regionally.

References

  1. ↑ "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por provincias y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics . Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  2. ↑ "Elecciones al Parlamento del País Vasco y al Parlamento de Galicia del 12 de julio de 2020" (PDF). www.ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. 22 May 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  3. 1 2 Ley Orgánica 3/1979, de 18 de diciembre, de Estatuto de Autonomía para el País Vasco (Organic Law 3) (in Spanish). 18 December 1979. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 Ley 28/1983, de 25 de noviembre, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco (Law 28) (in Spanish). 25 November 1983. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco (Law 5) (in Spanish). 15 June 1990. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  6. ↑ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  7. ↑ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  8. ↑ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  9. ↑ Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  10. ↑ Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Election Results Archive". euskadi.eus (in Spanish). Basque Government. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Basque Parliament elections since 1980". historiaelectoral.com (in Spanish). Electoral History. Retrieved 9 May 2024.

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