Bokbunja-ju (Korean : 복분자주; Hanja : 覆盆子酒),also called bokbunja wine,is a Korean fruit wine made from wild and/or cultivated black raspberry;traditionally of the Korean species Bokbunja ( Rubus coreanus ),but nowadays mostly from Rubus occidentalis ,which originates from Northern America and is now widely cultivated in Korea.
The beverage is produced in Gochang County,Jeollabuk-do,in Damyang,Jeollanam-do, [1] and in Jeju Island,South Korea. [2] It is made by fermenting berries with water. [3] [4] Some varieties also contain rice and reishi mushroom extract. [5]
The wine is deep red in color and moderately sweet. The scent of ripe fruit rises,and the sour taste is low. The bitter taste left behind makes it go well with food. Soft tannins irritate the tongue. [6] It ranges between 15% and 19% alcohol by volume,depending on the brand. [7] It is believed to be healthful [8] and to promote male sexual stamina. [9]
Since 2008,South Korean scientists have searched for ways to use bokbunja seeds,which are a by-product of bokbunja-ju production. The carbonized seeds can be used as potential adsorbent for industrial dye removal from wastewaters. [10]
Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change. Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in Korea and southern Manchuria,Korean cuisine reflects a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.
Soju is a clear and colorless distilled alcoholic beverage,traditionally made from rice,but later from other grains and has a flavor similar to vodka. It is usually consumed neat. Its alcohol content varies from about 12.5% to 53% alcohol by volume (ABV),although since 2007 low alcohol soju below 20% has become more popular.
The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus Rubus of the rose family,most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus. The name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems.
Gwangju,formerly romanized as Kwangju,is South Korea's sixth-largest metropolis. It is a designated metropolitan city under the direct control of the central government's Home Minister. The city was also the capital of South Jeolla Province until the provincial office moved to the southern village of Namak in Muan County in 2005 because Gwangju was promoted to a metropolitan city and was independent of South Jeolla province.
Jeonju is the capital and largest city of North Jeolla Province,South Korea. It is both urban and rural due to the closeness of Wanju County which almost entirely surrounds Jeonju. It is an important tourist center famous for Korean food,historic buildings,sports activities,and innovative festivals.
Chuseok,also known as Hangawi,is a major mid-autumn harvest festival and a three-day holiday in South Korea celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar on the full moon. In North Korea,they only celebrate for the day of chuseok. Like many other harvest festivals around the world,it is held around the autumn equinox,i.e. at the very end of summer or in early autumn. It is the biggest traditional holiday in South Korea.
Rubus occidentalis is a species of Rubus native to eastern North America. Its common name black raspberry is shared with other closely related species. Other names occasionally used include bear's eye blackberry,black cap,black cap raspberry,and scotch cap.
Makgeolli,sometimes anglicized to makkoli,is a Korean alcoholic drink. It is a milky,off-white,and lightly sparkling rice wine that has a slight viscosity,and tastes slightly sweet,tangy,bitter,and astringent. Chalky sediment gives it a cloudy appearance. As a low proof drink of six to nine percent alcohol by volume,it is often considered a "communal beverage" rather than hard liquor.
Rubus arcticus,the Arctic bramble or Arctic raspberry,Nagoonberry,or nectarberry is a species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family,found in Arctic and alpine regions in the Northern Hemisphere. It has been used to create hybrid cultivated raspberries,the so-called nectar raspberries.
Korean cuisine has a wide variety of traditional alcoholic drinks,known as sul (술). Many of these drinks end with the Sino-Korean word -ju,and some end with the native Korean word -sul. The Sino-Korean -ju is not used as an independent noun.
Cheongju,sometimes romanized as Chungju,is a clear,refined rice wine of Korean origin.
Kooksoondang is a Korean brewery,founded in 1952. The name translates in English to "house of good yeast and wines."
Parliamentary elections were held in North Korea on 8 March 2009 to elect the members of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly. They were originally scheduled to be held in August 2008 but were postponed for unknown reasons. Observers of North Korea speculated that it was in relation to Kim Jong-il's ill health.
Rice production in South Korea is important for the food supply in the country,with rice being a common part of the Korean diet. In 2009,South Korea produced 3,899,036 metric tonnes of rice.
Rice is the most valuable crop in South Korea. However,as noted by Donald S. Macdonald,rising wage levels and land values have made it expensive to produce. Rice represented about 90 percent of total grain production and over 40 percent of farm income;the 1988 rice crop was 6.5 million tonnes. Rice was imported in the 1980s,but the amount depended on the success of domestic harvests. The government's rice support program reached a record of US$1.9 billion in 1986 compared to $890 million in 1985. By raising procurement prices by 14 percent to the 1986 level,Seoul achieved a rice price structure that was about five times that of the world market in 1987.
Rubus coreanus,known as bokbunja,Korean blackberry,or Korean bramble,is a species of raspberry native to Korea,Japan,and China. It produces edible berries that can be fermented into bokbunja ju,a Korean fruit wine. R. coreanus fruits are usually harvested between the May and July at peak harvest season. They can only be cultivated in a few areas in Korea,different to Rubus occidentalis,which can be cultivated widely across the country.
Gwaha-ju is a traditional Korean fortified rice wine. The refined rice wine cheongju is fortified by adding the distilled spirit soju to produce gwaha-ju. Popular varieties include gangha-ju (강하주) of Boseong and Yeonggwang in South Jeolla Province,sinseon-ju (신선주) of Namwon in North Jeolla Province,and yak-soju (약소주) of Suwon in Gyeonggi Province.
Jon Pyong-ho was a North Korean officer and politician who served as the Chief Secretary of the Korean Workers Party (KWP) Committee of the North Korean Cabinet,and director of the DPRK Cabinet Political Bureau before his retirement in 2010. Jon was described as the 'Chief architect of North Korea's nuclear programme'. Jon was a general of the Korean People's Army and a close adviser to the late Kim Jong-il.
God of War,also known by the alternative title,Warrior K,is a 2012 South Korean television series starring Kim Joo-hyuk as the real-life historical figure Kim Jun who was written about in the Goryeosa. It aired on MBC from February 11 to September 15,2012,on Saturdays and Sundays at 20:40 for 56 episodes.
The Order of Kim Jong Il is a North Korean order named after Kim Jong Il,the former leader of North Korea. It is the highest order of North Korea,along with the Order of Kim Il-Sung,and only second to one honorary title,the Hero of Labour.
North Korean cuisine is the traditional culinary practices and dishes of North Korea. Its foundations are laid by the agricultural and nomadic traditions in southern Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula. Some dishes are shared by the two Koreas;however,availability and quality of Northern cuisine is much more significantly affected by sociopolitical class divides.
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