C-class ferry

Last updated
BC Ferry Queen of Oak Bay.jpg
Queen of Oak Bay departs the Departure Bay ferry terminal in June 2008
Class overview
Operators BC Ferries
Preceded by Victoria class
Succeeded by Coastal class
Built
  • 1976–1981
  • upgraded 2003–2007
General characteristics
TypeDouble-ended, roll-on/roll-off ferry
Tonnage6,968.91 tons (5,863.22 tons for Queen of Alberni)
Length139.29 m (457 ft 0 in)
Beam27 m (88 ft 7 in)
Draft6 m (19 ft 8 in)
Installed power11,860 hp (8.84 MW) via 2 × 6,000 hp (4.5 MW) each maximum
PropulsionTwo MaK 12M551AK
Speed20.5 to 22 knots (38.0 to 40.7 km/h; 23.6 to 25.3 mph)
Capacity
  • 1,466 passengers (~ 1,200 for Queen of Alberni)
  • 316 vehicles (280 for Queen of Alberni)

The C-class ferries (also known as Cowichan class) are a class of five double-ended roll-on/roll-off ferries operated by BC Ferries in the Strait of Georgia in British Columbia, constructed between 1976 and 1981. When the vessels were first built, they were the largest ships of their kind in the world. The C-class ferries are 139.29 m (457.0 ft) long, with a car capacity of 316, and a crew and passenger capacity of 1494 persons. Each vessel's two MaK 12M551AK engines produce 11,860 HP, which provides a maximum service speed of 20.5 knots (38.0 km/h; 23.6 mph). [1]

Contents

C-class vessels

Queen of Coquitlam being launched from the Burrard Dry Dock Queen of Coquitlam - launch - Burrard Dry Dock - North Van - ~ fall 1975 (D.O. Thorne photo).jpg
Queen of Coquitlam being launched from the Burrard Dry Dock

The first two C-class ferries built were Queen of Coquitlam and Queen of Cowichan , constructed in 1976. Queen of Oak Bay and Queen of Surrey were built in 1981. There were some minor modifications to the design of the two later ships compared to the earlier C-class ships; most noticeably, Queen of Oak Bay and Queen of Surrey both have longer passenger decks than their older sisters. The C-class vessels were designed by Philip F. Spaulding and are similar to the Jumbo-class ferries he designed for Washington State Ferries several years earlier.

Queen of Alberni arriving at Swartz Bay in 1980 Queen of Alberni arriving at Swartz Bay - c1980.jpg
Queen of Alberni arriving at Swartz Bay in 1980

Queen of Alberni was also constructed in 1976 along with the first two C-class vessels. Although this ferry is considered to be a C-class vessel, it is significantly different in layout. It was originally designed to carry only overheight (truck) traffic but in 1984, an upper car deck was installed for 150 non-overheight vehicles. This ferry has a capacity of 280 cars and 1200 passengers and crew, and has a maximum service speed of 22 knots (41 km/h; 25 mph). [1]

Queen of Coquitlam, Queen of Cowichan, Queen of Oak Bay, Queen of Surrey, and Queen of Alberni each received extensive mid-life upgrades in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 respectively. From engine work to major modifications and improvements, the vessels were refitted to provide an additional 20 years of service.

In July 2018, BC Ferries announced that it had issued a request for proposals to build replacement vessels for all C-class ships, with deliveries beginning in 2024. [2] In 2022, BC Ferries deferred the replacement after it was determined the vessels could be given five-year life extensions beyond their original planned retirement dates. The project is in the design phase, with the first new major vessel currently scheduled to go into service in 2029.

VesselLaunchedLengthDisplacementCar capacityPassengers and crew
Queen of Coquitlam 1976139.29 m (457.0 ft)6465 tons3161494
Queen of Cowichan 1976139.29 m (457.0 ft)6508 tons3121494
Queen of Alberni 1976139.29 m (457.0 ft)6422 tons2801200
Queen of Oak Bay 1981139.29 m (457.0 ft)6673 tons3111494
Queen of Surrey 1981139.29 m (457.0 ft)6556 tons3111494


Routes

C-class ferries are double-ended; they have a separate bridge at each end and therefore are not required to turn around during the sailing. These ferries generally run on the Duke PointTsawwassen, Horseshoe BayDeparture Bay and Horseshoe Bay–Langdale routes. At one time, these ferries operated on the Swartz Bay–Tsawwassen route, but due to limitations placed on their speed when transiting Active Pass—after an accident they were required to operate in the more maneuverable docking mode rather than cruising mode—it is no longer feasible to run them on that route.

Incidents and accidents

On August 9, 1979, Queen of Alberni was transiting through Active Pass when it ran aground on Galiano Island, tipping fifteen degrees to starboard. Several large commercial vehicles on board the vessel at the time were damaged. No persons were injured, but a racehorse onboard was killed.

The Queen of Coquitlam tipped over due to a leak in the dry dock Ferry in drydock after tipping over.jpg
The Queen of Coquitlam tipped over due to a leak in the dry dock

On October 19, 1980, Queen of Coquitlam tipped over and landed on her side in the Burrard Shipyards drydock during a maintenance layover, causing approximately CA$3 million in damage. She also gained the distinction of being the only BC Ferries vessel to have issued a mayday from drydock.

On August 12, 1985, three people were killed when Queen of Cowichan ran over a pleasure boat near the Horseshoe Bay terminal.

In June 1989, Queen of Alberni collided with the loading dock at Departure Bay causing significant damage to the ship and dock. Six people were injured including a cook who suffered a fractured cheekbone as he was walking down a set of stairs.

On March 12, 1992, Queen of Alberni collided with the Japanese freighter Shinwa Maru southwest of Tsawwassen. The collision occurred in heavy fog, with both vessels suffering minor damage. Injuries included 2 serious and 25 minor injuries for the 260 people on the ferry, while none of the 11 people aboard the freighter received injuries.

In October 1994, Queen of Surrey crashed into the dock at Horseshoe Bay, causing $200,000 in damage.

On October 20, 1995, Queen of Coquitlam experienced an engine shut-down while approaching Horseshoe Bay. She crashed into a dock at the terminal resulting in light damage.

On December 15, 2001, Queen of Alberni got caught in a heavy wind storm which turned a regular 2-hour crossing into a 712-hour ordeal.

On May 12, 2003, Queen of Surrey was disabled as a result of an engine room fire. Queen of Capilano was tethered to Queen of Surrey while tugboats were dispatched. The vessel was then towed back to shore. None of the 318 passengers were injured, but several crew members were treated for minor injuries. Some buckling of the main car deck resulted from the heat of the fire. However, no vehicles were damaged in the incident.

On July 31, 2003, Queen of Surrey experienced a mechanical problem with one of its propellers. As a result, she was removed from service for emergency dry-docking to facilitate repairs, which took about five days.

On June 30, 2005, Queen of Oak Bay lost power while approaching the Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal. After the captain gave ample warning, the ship coasted into the nearby Sewell's Marina, where it overran more than a dozen boats before running aground. No one was injured, and the ferry sustained only minor scraping to a rudder and propeller blade. See MV Queen of Oak Bay for extensive details on this accident.

Related Research Articles

British Columbia Ferry Services Inc., operating as BC Ferries (BCF), is a former provincial Crown corporation, now operating as an independently managed, publicly owned Canadian company. BC Ferries provides all major passenger and vehicle ferry services for coastal and island communities in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Set up in 1960 to provide a similar service to that provided by the Black Ball Line and the Canadian Pacific Railway, which were affected by job action at the time, BC Ferries has become the largest passenger ferry line in North America, operating a fleet of 41 vessels with a total passenger and crew capacity of over 27,000, serving 47 locations on the B.C. coast.

Coastal-class ferry

Coastal-class ferries, also known as the "Super-C class" are three ferries owned and operated by BC Ferries of British Columbia, Canada and were built at the Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft shipyard in Flensburg, Germany. They are the second-largest ships in the BC Ferries fleet, surpassed only by the two larger, single-ended Spirit-class ferries. At the time of their building, the three ships were the largest double-ended ferries in the world, however the record has since been surpassed.

MV <i>Queen of New Westminster</i>

The MV Queen of New Westminster is a Canadian roll-on, roll-off passenger ferry operated by BC Ferries.

MV <i>Queen of Nanaimo</i>

MV Queen of Nanaimo is a Burnaby-class passenger vessel that was operated by BC Ferries from the time it entered service in 1964 until 2017. Queen of Nanaimo was used to ferry passengers and vehicles from mainland British Columbia, Canada to the islands off its coast. In 2017, the vessel was sold to Goundar Shipping Ltd. and renamed MV Lomaiviti Princess V for service in Fiji.

V-class ferry

The V-class ferries, also known as the Victoria class, originally included seven ferries operated by BC Ferries built between 1962 and 1965. The V class were a continuation of the previous Sidney-class design with some cosmetic changes and different engines. These vessels were the backbone of service on the Tsawwassen – Swartz Bay route prior to the arrival of MV Spirit of British Columbia in 1993. Four of these vessels underwent vehicle capacity increases three times. The lead ship of the class, Queen of Victoria suffered significant damage in a collision in 1970.

MV <i>Queen of Alberni</i>

MV Queen of Alberni is a C-class ferry that operates between Tsawwassen and Duke Point in British Columbia as part of the BC Ferries fleet.

MV <i>Queen of Cowichan</i>

MV Queen of Cowichan is a BC Ferries vessel, built in Victoria, British Columbia in 1976. It joined the other two C-class ferries built that year, Queen of Alberni and Queen of Coquitlam, and was followed by Queen of Surrey and Queen of Oak Bay. The ship, like all C-class ferries, is double-ended. This means the ship never has to turn around in port during regular service. The ships two MaK 12M551AK engines turn out 11,860 horsepower (8,840 kW) which gives it a service speed of 20.5 knots. Like all the C-class ferries it is 139.28 metres long. Almost identical to Queen of Coquitlam, the vessel has a car capacity of 312 and a passenger capacity for 1,494 people. The ship has two car decks. A lower car deck capable of carrying trucks and buses carries the overheight vehicles while the upper car deck can carry the majority of the cars on board. She is named for the regional district of Cowichan Valley Regional District.

MV <i>Queen of Coquitlam</i>

MV Queen of Coquitlam is a C-class ferry in the BC Ferries fleet, launched in 1976. She first operated on BC Ferries' Horseshoe Bay to Departure Bay route. For most of her life, she has been a replacement/relief vessel on all the major routes serving Metro Vancouver. She is named for the city of Coquitlam.

MV <i>Queen of Surrey</i>

MV Queen of Surrey is a double-ended C-class roll-on/roll-off ferry in the BC Ferries fleet. The ship was launched in 1980 and entered service in 1981. The ferry normally operates on BC Ferries' Horseshoe Bay to Langdale route. She is named for the city of Surrey. On May 12, 2003, Queen of Surrey suffered an engine fire that disabled the ferry in Howe Sound. No one was injured and the ship was returned to service. In 2004, the ferry was involved in a collision with a tugboat, and in 2019 she struck a fixed structure at the Langdale terminal. The 2019 crash lead to passengers being stranded on the vessel for over ten hours.

<i>Sidney</i>-class ferry

The Sidney class consisted of two roll-on/roll-off ferries, Queen of Sidney and Queen of Tsawwassen, built for the British Columbia Ferry Corporation in service from 1960 to 2008. The design for the ships was based on the ferry MV Coho with changes made to accommodate loading of vehicles through the bow of the vessel. Both vessels serviced different routes throughout their service lives.

MV <i>Coastal Renaissance</i> Canadian ferry operated by BC Ferries

MV Coastal Renaissance is the first of three Coastal-class ships delivered to BC Ferries. At the time of their construction, the Coastal-class ferries were the largest double-ended ferries in the world. This ship operates mainly on the Tsawwassen – Duke Point route in the peak season and on the Swartz Bay – Tsawwassen route in the low season, but can replace her sister ships on any of the major cross-Strait routes whenever they go for refits.

MV <i>Coastal Inspiration</i>

MV Coastal Inspiration is the second of three Coastal-class ships delivered to BC Ferries. Launched in 2007 and entering service in 2008, Coastal Inspiration operates on the Duke Point – Tsawwassen route in British Columbia. The vessel collided with the terminal at Duke Point on December 20, 2011, suffering significant damage that kept the ship in the dockyard until January 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Active Pass</span> Strait in British Columbia

Active Pass is a strait separating Galiano Island in the north and Mayne Island in the south in the southern Gulf Islands, British Columbia, Canada. It connects the Trincomali Channel in the west and the Strait of Georgia in the east. The pass stretches 5.5 km from northeast to southwest with two roughly right-angle bends, one at each end.

MV <i>Queen of Oak Bay</i>

MV Queen of Oak Bay is a double-ended C-class roll-on/roll-off ferry in the BC Ferries fleet, launched in 1981 at Victoria, British Columbia. The 139.29-metre (457 ft) long, 6,969-ton vessel has a capacity for 362 cars and over 1,500 passengers and crew. She normally operates on BC Ferries' Horseshoe Bay to Departure Bay (Nanaimo) route, part of the Trans-Canada Highway. She is named for the district of Oak Bay.

MV <i>Malaspina Sky</i>

MV Malaspina Sky is an Intermediate-class ferry in the BC Ferries fleet built in 2008.

MV <i>Spirit of Vancouver Island</i>

Spirit of Vancouver Island is an S-class ferry, part of the BC Ferries fleet. Along with MV Spirit of British Columbia, it is the largest in the BC Ferries fleet. The ship was completed in 1994 and serves the Swartz Bay – Tsawwassen route. In 2018, Spirit of Vancouver Island began a mid-life refit in Poland, where it was converted to a dual-fuel system to allow liquefied natural gas propulsion. The vessel returned to service in 2019.

The MV Tenaka is a ferry previously owned by BC Ferries. She was built for BC's Ministry of Transportation and Highways in 1964 in Victoria, British Columbia by the Victoria Machinery Depot. Originally named the Comox Queen, she was renamed Tenaka in 1977 and became part of BC Ferries' fleet in 1985 when the Ministry of Transportation's saltwater ferries and routes were transferred to BC Ferries. As of April 2016, the Tenaka was sold to Lady Rose Marine Services, a tourism company operating out of Port Alberni, British Columbia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal</span> Ferry terminal in British Columbia, Canada

Horseshoe Bay is a major ferry terminal owned and operated by BC Ferries in British Columbia, Canada. Located in the community of Horseshoe Bay, a neighbourhood of West Vancouver, the terminal provides a vehicle ferry link from the Lower Mainland to Vancouver Island, the Sunshine Coast, and to Bowen Island, a small island in the southern part of Howe Sound.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Langdale ferry terminal</span> Ferry terminal in British Columbia, Canada

Langdale is a ferry terminal owned and operated by BC Ferries, which provides ferry services from the Sunshine Coast to the Lower Mainland, Gambier Island, and Keats Island in the Canadian province of British Columbia.

References

  1. 1 2 "Our Fleet | BC Ferries". www.bcferries.com. Retrieved 2023-07-27.
  2. "BC Ferries to replace C-class ropax with five newbuilds". Passenger Ship Technology. 18 July 2018. Retrieved 11 September 2018.