C-class ferry

Last updated
BC Ferry Queen of Oak Bay.jpg
Queen of Oak Bay departs the Departure Bay ferry terminal in June 2008.
Class overview
Operators BC Ferries
Preceded by Victoria class
Succeeded by Coastal class
Built
  • 1976–1981
  • upgraded 2003–2006
General characteristics
TypeDouble-ended, roll-on/roll-off ferry
Tonnage6,968.91 tons (5,863.22 tons for Queen of Alberni)
Length139.29 m (457.0 ft)
Beam27 m (88.6 ft)
Draft6 m (19.7 ft)
Installed power11,860 hp (8.84 MW) via 2 × 6,000 hp (4.5 MW) each maximum
PropulsionTwo MaK 12M551AK
Speed19 to 22 knots (35 to 41 km/h; 22 to 25 mph)
Capacity
  • 1,466 passengers (~ 1200 for Queen of Alberni)
  • 362 vehicles (295 for Queen of Alberni)

The C-class ferries (also known as Cowichan class) are a class of five double-ended roll-on/roll-off ferries operated by BC Ferries in the Strait of Georgia in British Columbia, all constructed between 1976 and 1981. When the vessels were first built, they were the largest ships of their kind in the world. The C-class ferries are 139.29 m (457.0 ft) long, with a car capacity of 362, and a crew and passenger capacity of 1500 persons. Each vessel's two MaK 12M551AK engines produce 11,860 HP, which provides a service speed of 22 knots.

Contents

C-class vessels

The first two C-class ferries were Queen of Coquitlam and Queen of Cowichan , constructed in 1976. Queen of Oak Bay and Queen of Surrey were built in 1981. There were some minor modifications to the design of the two later ships compared to the earlier C-class ships; most noticeably, Queen of Oak Bay and Queen of Surrey both have longer passenger decks than their older sisters. The C-class vessels were designed by Philip F. Spaulding and are similar to the Jumbo-class ferries he designed for Washington State Ferries several years earlier.

Queen of Alberni was also constructed in 1976 along with the first two C-class vessels. Although this ferry is considered to be a C-class vessel, it is significantly different in layout. It was originally designed to carry only overheight (truck) traffic but in 1984, an upper car deck was installed for 150 non-overheight vehicles. This ferry has a capacity of 292 cars and 800 passengers and crew, and has a maximum service speed of 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph).

Queen of Coquitlam, Queen of Cowichan, Queen of Oak Bay, and Queen of Surrey each received extensive mid-life upgrades in 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2006 respectively. Queen of Alberni also received a similar upgrade in 2007. From engine work to major modifications and improvements, the vessels were refitted to provide an additional 20 years of service.

In July 2018, BC Ferries announced that it had issued a request for proposals to build replacement vessels for all C-class ships, with deliveries beginning in 2024. [1]

VesselLaunchedLengthDisplacementCar capacityPassengers and crew
  Queen of Coquitlam  1976139.29 m (457.0 ft)6,969 tons3621,500
Queen of Cowichan 1976139.29 m (457.0 ft)6,969 tons3621,500
Queen of Oak Bay 1981139.29 m (457.0 ft)6,969 tons3621,500
Queen of Surrey 1981139.29 m (457.0 ft)6,969 tons3621,500
Queen of Alberni 1976139.29 m (457.0 ft)5,863 tons2951,200

Routes

C-class ferries are double-ended; they have a separate bridge at each end and therefore are not required to turn around during the sailing. These ferries generally run on the Duke PointTsawwassen, Horseshoe BayDeparture Bay and Horseshoe Bay–Langdale routes. At one time, these ferries operated on the Swartz Bay–Tsawwassen route, but due to limitations placed on their speed when transiting Active Pass—after an accident they were required to operate in the more maneuverable docking mode rather than cruising mode—it is no longer feasible to run them on that route.

Incidents and accidents

On August 9, 1979, Queen of Alberni was transiting through Active Pass when it ran aground on Galiano Island, tipping fifteen degrees to starboard. Several large commercial vehicles on board the vessel at the time were damaged. No persons were injured, but a racehorse onboard was killed.

On October 19, 1980, Queen of Coquitlam tipped over and landed on her side in the Burrard Shipyards drydock during a maintenance layover, causing approximately CA$3 million in damage. She also gained the distinction of being the only BC Ferries vessel to have issued a mayday from drydock.

On August 12, 1985, three people were killed when Queen of Cowichan ran over a pleasure boat near the Horseshoe Bay terminal.

In June 1989, Queen of Alberni collided with the loading dock at Departure Bay causing significant damage to the ship and dock. Six people were injured including a cook who suffered a fractured cheekbone as he was walking down a set of stairs.

On March 12, 1992, at 8:08 am (16:08 UTC), Queen of Alberni collided with the Japanese freighter Shinwa Maru southwest of Tsawwassen. The collision occurred in heavy fog, with both vessels suffering minor damage. Injuries included 2 serious and 25 minor injuries for the 260 people on the ferry, while none of the 11 people aboard the freighter received injuries.

In October 1994, Queen of Surrey crashed into the dock at Horseshoe Bay, causing $200,000 in damage.

On October 20, 1995, Queen of Coquitlam experienced an engine shut-down while approaching Horseshoe Bay. She crashed into a dock at the terminal resulting in light damage.

On December 15, 2001, Queen of Alberni got caught in a heavy wind storm which turned a regular 2-hour crossing into a 712-hour ordeal.

On May 12, 2003, Queen of Surrey was disabled as a result of an engine room fire. Queen of Capilano was dispatched and tethered to Queen of Surrey while tugboats were dispatched. The vessel was then towed back to shore. None of the 318 passengers were injured, but several crew members were treated for minor injuries. Some buckling of the main car deck resulted from the heat of the fire. However, no vehicles were damaged in the incident.

On July 31, 2003, Queen of Surrey experienced a mechanical problem with one of its propellers. As a result, she was removed from service for emergency dry-docking to facilitate repairs, which took about five days.

On June 30, 2005, Queen of Oak Bay lost power while approaching the Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal. After the captain gave ample warning, the ship coasted into the nearby Sewell's Marina, where it overran more than a dozen boats before running aground. No one was injured, and the ferry sustained only minor scraping to a rudder and propeller blade. See MV Queen of Oak Bay for extensive details on this accident.

Related Research Articles

British Columbia Ferry Services Inc., operating as BC Ferries (BCF), is a former provincial Crown corporation, now operating as an independently managed, publicly owned Canadian company. BC Ferries provides all major passenger and vehicle ferry services for coastal and island communities in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Set up in 1960 to provide a similar service to that provided by the Black Ball Line and the Canadian Pacific Railway, which were affected by job action at the time, BC Ferries has become the largest passenger ferry line in North America, operating a fleet of 36 vessels with a total passenger and crew capacity of over 27,000, serving 47 locations on the B.C. coast.

Coastal-class ferry

Coastal-class ferries, also known as the "Super-C class", are currently the largest double-ended ferries in the world, while the two single-ended Spirit-class ferries are the largest in the BC Ferries fleet. These vessels are owned and operated by BC Ferries of British Columbia, Canada and were built at the Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft shipyard in Flensburg, Germany.

MV <i>Queen of New Westminster</i>

The MV Queen of New Westminster is a Canadian roll-on, roll-off passenger ferry operated by BC Ferries.

MV <i>Queen of Nanaimo</i>

MV Queen of Nanaimo is a Burnaby-class passenger vessel that was operated by BC Ferries from the time it entered service in 1964 until 2017. Queen of Nanaimo was used to ferry passengers and vehicles from mainland British Columbia, Canada to the islands off its coast. In 2017, the vessel was sold to Goundar Shipping Ltd. and renamed MV Lomaiviti Princess V for service in Fiji.

V-class ferry

The V-class ferries, also known as Victoria class, originally included seven BC Ferries built between 1962 and 1965. These vessels were the backbone of service on the Tsawwassen – Swartz Bay route prior to the arrival of MV Spirit of British Columbia in 1993. Some of these vessels underwent vehicle capacity increases three times.

Powell River-class ferry

The Powell River-class ferry is a class of ships operated by BC Ferries. The open deck vessels are mostly used on low-to-moderate volume routes, with Mayne Queen permanently on Route 5, connecting the Outer Gulf Islands with Swartz Bay, Powell River Queen on Route 23, Campbell River to Quadra Island, and Bowen Queen on relief duty, typically Routes 4,5, and 9.

MV <i>Queen of Alberni</i>

MV Queen of Alberni is a C-class ferry that operates between Tsawwassen and Duke Point in British Columbia. She is part of the BC Ferries fleet.

MV <i>Queen of Cowichan</i>

MV Queen of Cowichan is a BC Ferries vessel, built in Victoria, British Columbia in 1976. It joined the other two C-class ferries built that year, Queen of Alberni and Queen of Coquitlam, and was followed by Queen of Surrey and Queen of Oak Bay. The ship, like all C-class ferries, is double-ended. This means the ship never has to turn around in port during regular service. The ships two MaK 12M551AK engines turn out 11,860 horsepower (8,840 kW) which gives it a service speed of 22 knots. Like all the C-class ferries it is 139.28 metres long. Almost identical to Queen of Coquitlam, the vessel has a car capacity of 392 and a passenger capacity for 1,466 people. The ship has two car decks. A lower car deck capable of carrying trucks and buses carries the overheight vehicles while the upper car deck can carry the majority of the cars on board. She is named for the regional district of Cowichan Valley Regional District.

MV <i>Queen of Coquitlam</i>

MV Queen of Coquitlam is a C-class ferry in the BC Ferries fleet, launched in 1976. She first operated on BC Ferries' Horseshoe Bay to Departure Bay route. For most of her life, she has been a replacement/relief vessel on all the major routes serving Metro Vancouver. She is named for the city of Coquitlam.

MV <i>Queen of Surrey</i>

MV Queen of Surrey is a double-ended C-class roll-on/roll-off ferry in the BC Ferries fleet. The ship was launched in 1980 and entered service in 1981. The ferry normally operates on BC Ferries' Horseshoe Bay to Langdale route. She is named for the city of Surrey. On May 12, 2003, Queen of Surrey suffered an engine fire that disabled the ferry in Howe Sound. No one was injured and the ship was returned to service. In 2004, the ferry was involved in a collision with a tugboat, and in 2019 she struck a fixed structure at the Langdale terminal. The 2019 crash lead to passengers being stranded on the vessel for over ten hours.

<i>Sidney</i>-class ferry

The Sidney class consisted of two roll-on/roll-off ferries, Queen of Sidney and Queen of Tsawwassen, built for the British Columbia Ferry Corporation in service from 1960 to 2008. The design for the ships was based on the ferry MV Coho with changes made to accommodate loading of vehicles through the bow of the vessel. Both vessels serviced different routes throughout their service lives.

MV <i>Coastal Renaissance</i> Canadian ferry operated by BC Ferries

MV Coastal Renaissance is the first of three Coastal-class ships delivered to BC Ferries. At the time of their construction, the Coastal-class ferries were the largest double-ended ferries in the world. This ship operates mainly on the Departure Bay – Horseshoe Bay route in the peak season and on the Swartz Bay – Tsawwassen route in the low season, but can replace her sister ships on any of the major cross-Strait routes whenever they go for refits.

MV <i>Coastal Inspiration</i>

MV Coastal Inspiration is the second of three Coastal-class ships delivered to BC Ferries. Launched in 2007 and entering service in 2008, Coastal Inspiration operates on the Duke Point – Tsawwassen route in British Columbia. The vessel collided with the terminal at Duke Point on December 20, 2011, suffering significant damage that kept the ship in the dockyard until January 2012.

Active Pass

Active Pass is a strait separating Galiano Island in the north and Mayne Island in the south in the southern Gulf Islands, British Columbia, Canada. It connects the Trincomali Channel in the west and the Strait of Georgia in the east. The pass stretches 5.5 km from northeast to southwest with two roughly right angle bends at each end.

MV <i>Queen of Oak Bay</i>

MV Queen of Oak Bay is a double-ended C-class roll-on/roll-off ferry in the BC Ferries fleet, launched in 1981 at Victoria, British Columbia. The 139.29-metre (457 ft) long, 6,969-ton vessel has a capacity for 362 cars and over 1,500 passengers and crew. She normally operates on BC Ferries' Horseshoe Bay to Departure Bay (Nanaimo) route, part of the Trans-Canada Highway. She is named for the district of Oak Bay.

MV <i>Queen of Prince Rupert</i>

MV Queen of Prince Rupert was a roll-on/roll-off (RORO) ferry operated by BC Ferries that provided the main surface transport link between the Queen Charlotte Islands and mainland British Columbia, connecting Skidegate with Prince Rupert across the Hecate Strait. The vessel also ran on the Prince Rupert-Port Hardy Inside Passage route during the low season.

MV <i>Malaspina Sky</i>

MV Malaspina Sky is an Intermediate-class ferry in the BC Ferries fleet built in 2008.

MV <i>Spirit of Vancouver Island</i>

Spirit of Vancouver Island is an S-class ferry, part of the BC Ferries fleet. Along with MV Spirit of British Columbia, the ship is the largest in the BC Ferries fleet. The ship was completed in 1994 and serves the Swartz Bay – Tsawwassen route. In 2018, Spirit of Vancouver Island began a mid-life refit in Poland, in which the ship will be converted to a dual-fuel system which will allow liquefied natural gas propulsion.

MV <i>Queen of the Islands</i>

M/V Queen of the Islands was a RORO ferry operated by BC Ferries between 1963 and 1991. Although the passenger areas provided for an enjoyable travel experience for the general public, she was much maligned by the crews that worked on her, and the Queen of the Islands quickly garnered a reputation as being one of the most unloved ships ever to have operated with BC Ferries.

References

  1. "BC Ferries to replace C-class ropax with five newbuilds". Passenger Ship Technology. 18 July 2018. Retrieved 11 September 2018.