Campbell River, British Columbia

This article is about the city. For the city's namesake, see Campbell River (Vancouver Island).

Campbell River
City
City of Campbell River
Campbell River from Discovery Passage
Nickname:  Salmon Capital of the World.
Campbell River Location of Campbell River in British Columbia Show map of Vancouver Island Campbell River Campbell River (British Columbia) Show map of British Columbia
Coordinates: 50°01′28″N125°14′51″W / 50.02444°N 125.24750°W / 50.02444; -125.24750
Country	Canada
Province	British Columbia
Region	Mid-Island
Regional District	Strathcona
Founded	1855
Incorporated	1947
Government
• Type	Elected city council
• Mayor	Kermit Dahl
•  MP	Rachel Blaney (NDP)
•  MLA	Michele Babchuk (BC NDP)
Area
•  City	143.12 km2 (55.26 sq mi)
Elevation	24 m (79 ft)
Population  (2016)
•  City	35,138
• Density	1,143.9/km2 (2,963/sq mi)
•  Metro	36,461
• Metro density	20.8/km2 (54/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC-8 (PST)
Forward sortation area	V9H, V9W
Area code(s)	236, 250, 778, 672
Highways	Highway 19 Highway 19A
Waterways	Discovery Passage, Strait of Georgia
Website	campbellriver.ca

Campbell River is a city in British Columbia, Canada, on the east coast of Vancouver Island at the south end of Discovery Passage, which lies along the 50th parallel north along the important Inside Passage shipping route. Campbell River has a population (2016 census) of 32,588 ^[1] and has long been touted as the "salmon capital of the world." Campbell River and Region are near the communities of Quadra and the Discovery Islands, Sayward, Oyster River, Gold River, Tahsis and Zeballos.

Campbell River is served by the coast-spanning Island Highway, the nearby but now defunct Island Rail Corridor, and a local airport.

History

The first settlers known in the area were members of the Island Comox and related Coast Salish peoples. During the 18th century, a migration of Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwak'wala-speaking) people of the Wakashan cultural and linguistic group migrated south from the area of Fort Rupert. Establishing themselves in the Campbell River area, they enslaved and later absorbed the Comox. These newcomers became infamous as raiders of the Coast Salish peoples farther south, who are known to history as the Euclataws (also spelled Yucultas), a variant on the Laich-kwil-tach, Lekwiltok or Legwildok, which is their name for themselves. There are two subdivisions of this group, also known as the Southern Kwakiutl: the Wekayi or Weiwaikai of the Cape Mudge Indian Band on Quadra Island and the Weiwaikum of the Campbell River Band located in and around the city of Campbell River.

Captain George Vancouver reached Campbell River in 1792 aboard the ships HMS Discovery and HMS Chatham. The channel between Quadra Island and Campbell River is named Discovery Passage after HMS Discovery. The captain and his botanist, Mr Archibald Menzies, encountered a small tribe of 350 natives who spoke the Salish language. A Lekwiltok war party, heavily armed with European rifles, paddled south from Johnstone Strait in the middle of the 19th century and were in control of the area when HMS Plumper came through on a cartography mission under Captain George Henry Richards around 1859. Dr Samuel Campbell was the ship surgeon, and historians believe his name was given to the river by Richards. The community took the name "Campbell River" when its post office was constructed in 1907. ^[2] Likewise, the name of HMS Discovery's First Lieutenant Zachary Mudge is preserved in the nearby Cape Mudge.

Sports fishermen travelled to the area as early as the 1880s, especially after the tales from anglers such as Sir Richard Musgrave ^{[3] [4]} and Sir John Rogers. The formation of the Campbell River Tyee Club in 1924, over concern regarding over-fishing of the salmon stocks, served to popularize the area among fishermen. ^[5] E.P. Painter, for instance, moved to Campbell River the following year and opened his Painter's Lodge in 1929. Painter's Lodge attracted clientele from Hollywood and regular patrons included Bob Hope and Bing Crosby. Commercial fishing was a large industry for many years. The town's magistrate Roderick Haig-Brown purchased a fishing cabin on Campbell River and wrote a number of books on fly fishing for both sport fishermen and conservationists.

Industrial logging took off in the 1920s with Merrill Ring and Company, Bloedel, Stewart and Welch and Comox Logging. A large forest fire started near Buttle Lake and burned much of the valley in 1938. Rock Bay, Menzies Bay, and Englewood all were big logging camps.

After 1912, Campbell River became a supply point for northern Vancouver Island, Quadra Island, and Cortes Island. ^[6] The E and N Railway was surveyed to Campbell River, yet it only reached Courtenay, forty miles south. In its original conception, it would have been the last leg of the transcontinental railway, which had been proposed to run down Bute Inlet after crossing the British Columbia Interior, connecting to Vancouver Island just north of Campbell River at Seymour Narrows. After the Second World War, Campbell River became a boomtown and industrial centre with the building of the John Hart Dam, Elk Falls pulp mill, and nearby mills in Tahsis and Gold River. Logging and mining in the area prospered. There is a lead zinc mine nearby as well as coal mines, while a large copper mine operated to the north.

In recent years Campbell River, about halfway up Vancouver Island, has continued to mark the boundary between the more developed south and the wild and natural areas of the northern part of the island. ^[7] Local fish hatcheries help to maintain salmon stocks for the fishing industry. ^[8]

A panoramic picture of Campbell River from the Strait of Georgia

There is uncertainty about the source of the name of the city. It is thought that the river and the city may have been named for Dr. Samuel Campbell, who was assistant surgeon aboard HMS Plumper from 1857 to 1861. ^{[9] : 37}

Climate

Campbell River has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csb), very closely bordering on oceanic (Cfb). The most precipitation is measured in November, at 231 millimetres (9.1 in) on average. January tends to see the most snow, 15.2 centimetres (6.0 in) on average. In the winter months, occasional Arctic bursts from the interior of British Columbia can make their way to the coast, bringing temperatures below freezing. If a Pacific low reaches the coast, a large snowfall can occur. Snowfalls in excess of 45 centimetres (18 in) have been recorded in a 24-hour period, and the greatest recorded snowfall was 53.3 centimetres (1 ft 9.0 in) in 1978.

Climate data for Campbell River Airport
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high humidex	13.9	16.1	18.6	28.0	32.4	43.5	40.9	40.0	33.4	27.7	17.9	15.7	43.5
Record high °C (°F)	16.1 (61.0)	17.5 (63.5)	20.6 (69.1)	28.5 (83.3)	33.2 (91.8)	39.6 (103.3)	37.2 (99.0)	37.8 (100.0)	31.6 (88.9)	26.3 (79.3)	17.8 (64.0)	15.1 (59.2)	39.6 (103.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	5.5 (41.9)	7.2 (45.0)	9.7 (49.5)	13.2 (55.8)	17.0 (62.6)	20.1 (68.2)	23.0 (73.4)	23.3 (73.9)	19.8 (67.6)	13.1 (55.6)	7.7 (45.9)	4.9 (40.8)	13.7 (56.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	2.4 (36.3)	3.2 (37.8)	5.2 (41.4)	8.0 (46.4)	11.6 (52.9)	14.7 (58.5)	17.3 (63.1)	17.2 (63.0)	13.7 (56.7)	8.6 (47.5)	4.4 (39.9)	2.1 (35.8)	9.0 (48.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−0.8 (30.6)	−0.7 (30.7)	0.7 (33.3)	2.8 (37.0)	6.2 (43.2)	9.3 (48.7)	11.5 (52.7)	11.1 (52.0)	7.6 (45.7)	4.0 (39.2)	1.0 (33.8)	−0.8 (30.6)	4.3 (39.7)
Record low °C (°F)	−23.9 (−11.0)	−17.8 (0.0)	−12.8 (9.0)	−5.6 (21.9)	−2.2 (28.0)	−0.6 (30.9)	2.2 (36.0)	1.7 (35.1)	−2.8 (27.0)	−9.7 (14.5)	−20.4 (−4.7)	−18.5 (−1.3)	−23.9 (−11.0)
Record low wind chill	−29.7	−23.4	−15.5	−7.6	−3.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	−4.9	−11.8	−26.1	−24.4	−29.7
Average precipitation mm (inches)	217.5 (8.56)	149.5 (5.89)	140.0 (5.51)	92.1 (3.63)	68.4 (2.69)	62.9 (2.48)	39.4 (1.55)	44.6 (1.76)	55.2 (2.17)	162.2 (6.39)	231.9 (9.13)	225.7 (8.89)	1,489.3 (58.63)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	194.6 (7.66)	135.5 (5.33)	128.4 (5.06)	91.6 (3.61)	68.4 (2.69)	62.9 (2.48)	39.4 (1.55)	44.6 (1.76)	55.2 (2.17)	161.0 (6.34)	222.1 (8.74)	204.2 (8.04)	1,407.8 (55.43)
Average snowfall cm (inches)	23.3 (9.2)	14.4 (5.7)	11.7 (4.6)	0.5 (0.2)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	1.2 (0.5)	10.5 (4.1)	22.6 (8.9)	84.3 (33.2)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)	20.8	16.4	19.7	17.1	15.5	13.7	9.4	9.3	9.7	18.4	21.6	21.2	192.8
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)	18.7	15.0	18.9	17.1	15.5	13.7	9.4	9.3	9.7	18.4	21.0	19.3	185.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)	4.3	3.0	2.7	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	1.8	4.1	16.3
Average relative humidity (%) (at 3pm)	84.9	75.1	67.8	59.6	57.2	57.6	54.4	55.1	59.1	74.0	83.3	86.3	67.9
Source: [10] [11] [12]

Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Campbell River had a population of 35,519 living in 15,557 of its 16,194 total private dwellings, a change of 7.6% from its 2016 population of 33,007. With a land area of 144.38 km² (55.75 sq mi), it had a population density of 246.0/km² (637.2/sq mi) in 2021. ^[13]

Ethnicity

Panethnic groups in the City of Campbell River (1986–2021)

Panethnic group	2021 [14]		2016 [15]		2011 [16]		2006 [17]		2001 [18]		1996 [19]		1991 [20] [21]		1986 [22] [23] [24] : 93		1981 [25] [26]
Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
European [lower-alpha 1]	28,995	83.12%	26,680	83.48%	26,820	87.29%	25,730	87.61%	25,035	88.48%	26,065	90.72%	18,270	86.81%	15,040	89.21%	14,250	89.76%
Indigenous	3,870	11.09%	3,670	11.48%	2,670	8.69%	2,540	8.65%	1,560	5.51%	1,305	4.54%	1,870	8.89%	1,220	7.24%	970	6.11%
Southeast Asian [lower-alpha 2]	645	1.85%	635	1.99%	600	1.95%	475	1.62%	665	2.35%	395	1.37%	295	1.4%	40	0.24%	—	—
South Asian	535	1.53%	245	0.77%	120	0.39%	85	0.29%	500	1.77%	515	1.79%	280	1.33%	385	2.28%	475	2.99%
East Asian [lower-alpha 3]	445	1.28%	385	1.2%	210	0.68%	315	1.07%	360	1.27%	300	1.04%	185	0.88%	110	0.65%	165	1.04%
African	175	0.5%	125	0.39%	120	0.39%	45	0.15%	90	0.32%	90	0.31%	55	0.26%	10	0.06%	—	—
Latin American	120	0.34%	115	0.36%	95	0.31%	105	0.36%	30	0.11%	45	0.16%	65	0.31%	25	0.15%	15	0.09%
Middle Eastern [lower-alpha 4]	15	0.04%	45	0.14%	0	0%	10	0.03%	0	0%	0	0%	25	0.12%	30	0.18%	0	0%
Other [lower-alpha 5]	80	0.23%	55	0.17%	65	0.21%	45	0.15%	60	0.21%	0	0%	—	—	—	—	—	—
Total responses	34,885	98.22%	31,960	98.07%	30,725	98.52%	29,370	99.32%	28,295	99.43%	28,730	99.58%	21,045	99.39%	16,860	99.26%	15,875	100.27%
Total population	35,519	100%	32,588	100%	31,186	100%	29,572	100%	28,456	100%	28,851	100%	21,175	100%	16,986	100%	15,832	100%
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Religion

According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Campbell River included: ^[14]

• Irreligion (22,235 persons or 63.7%)
• Christianity (11,585 persons or 33.2%)
• Sikhism (200 persons or 0.6%)
• Hinduism (175 persons or 0.5%)
• Buddhism (150 persons or 0.4%)
• Islam (65 persons or 0.2%)
• Judaism (50 persons or 0.1%)
• Indigenous Spirituality (35 persons or 0.1%)

Economy

Marina and Fisherman's Wharf

Campbell River Art installation, "Transformation on the shore"

Campbell River has a variety of growing industries and small businesses suitable to an oceanside community. As of 2012, the focus of business is directed towards aquaculture, agrifoods, clean energy development, construction, creative industries, forestry, fishing, ^[27] health care, international education, mining, technology and tourism. ^[6] Elk Falls Mill, one of the largest employers in the area shut down in 2009; however, logging continues to be a significant source of employment. ^[6] There have been many cases of former mill employees moving away to other places with higher demands for a similar labour force, particularly Fort McMurray, Alberta.

Education

Public schools are administered by School District 72 Campbell River. North Island College has a campus in Campbell River. Campbell River has recently developed a new international program accepting students from Germany, Austria, and various other countries across Europe, South America, and Asia. Along with School District 72, there is also a private K–12 Christian school, this being Campbell River Christian School. The two public high schools are Carihi Secondary School and Timberline Secondary School. Carihi Secondary School is also a part of School District 93 Conseil scolaire francophone.

The Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique operates one Francophone school in Campbell River: the école Mer-et-montagne primary school. ^[28]

Politics

In the House of Commons of Canada, Campbell River is represented by the riding of North Island—Powell River (Rachel Blaney, NDP). In the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Campbell River is represented by the North Island (Claire Trevena, BC NDP) riding.

The mayor of Campbell River is Kermit Dahl. He was elected on 15 October 2022. ^[29]

Transportation

The city is served by Campbell River Airport (YBL), Campbell River Water Aerodrome at Campbell River Harbour, a BC Ferries route to Quadra Island, ^[30] and an inland island highway and an oceanside island highway which connect the community to the rest of Vancouver Island. ^[31] Campbell River Transit System provides bus service to the city and neighbouring communities. Operated by Watson and Ash Transportation, the transit system is funded under a partnership between the City of Campbell River and BC Transit, the provincial agency that plans and manages municipal transit systems.^{[ citation needed ]}

Movies filmed in Campbell River

• See (TV series)
• The 13th Warrior
• Are We There Yet?
• Final Destination 2
• Fisherman's Fall
• Going the Distance
• Seven Years in Tibet
• The Invisible
• Trapped
• The Scarlet Letter
• Bats
• Dawn of the Planet of the Apes ^[32]
• The Twilight Saga: New Moon

Notable residents

• Sybil Andrews – artist
• Rod Brind'Amour – National Hockey League player (born in Ottawa but learned to play hockey in Campbell River) and current coach of the Carolina Hurricanes
• Dawn Coe-Jones – golfer, winner of three LPGA Tour tournaments
• Brett Connolly – National Hockey League player
• John Davison – cricketer (born in Campbell River but grew up in Australia)
• Kris Fredheim – retired professional hockey player
• Roderick Haig-Brown – judge, author, and conservationist
• Teal Harle – freestyle skier, placed fifth in slope style in the 2018 Winter Olympics
• Andrew Nikiforuk – journalist
• Cameron Levins – long-distance runner, Olympian
• Barry Pepper – actor
• Jacqueline Pirie – (former) actress (born in Scotland, but had a drama school in Campbell River also known as Jacqueline Chadwick)
• Nicholas Thorburn – musician
• Avalon Wasteneys – rower, Olympic gold medalist

Media

• Shaw TV Community Television (formerly Campbell River TV Association)
• Campbell River Mirror newspaper
• 88.7 FM – CHVI-FM, Christian radio
• 97.3 FM – CKLR-FM, hot adult contemporary
• 99.7 FM – CIQC-FM, adult contemporary
• 100.7 FM – CKCC-FM, country music

Sister City

Since 1983, Campbell River has been a sister or twinned city of Ishikari, in the Hokkaido region of Japan. This twinning was based on the importance of salmon to both cities. ^[33]

Notes

1. Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
2. Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
3. Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
4. Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
5. Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.

References

1. "Census Profile, 2016 Census, Statistics Canada – Validation Error".
2. Artibise, Alan F.J: "Campbell River". The Canadian Encyclopedia.
3. Pedersen, Diana (Winter 2011). "The Fish That Made Campbell River Famous". British Columbia History. 44 (4): 5–15. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
4. "The Salmon Capital of the World". campbellrivertourism.com. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
5. "Field & Stream". Field & Stream 2007–08. 79 (2): 65. June 1974. ISSN   8755-8599.
6. Gebhart, Fred; Cass, Maxine (18 September 2002). Vancouver and British Columbia. Thomas Cook Publishing. p. 98. ISBN   978-1-84157-230-7.
7. Susan Bowers (14 May 2004). Toads and Nettles: Memories of the North West Coast. Xlibris Corporation. p. 11. ISBN   978-1-4134-4754-5.
8. Don Daniels, "Smolts growing in pens at Campbell River wharves will be released soon". Campbell River Mirror, 26 April 2018
9. Akrigg, G.P.V.; Akrigg, Helen B. (1986), British Columbia Place Names (3rd, 1997 ed.), Vancouver: UBC Press, ISBN   0-7748-0636-2
10. "CAMPBELL RIVER A". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
11. "Campbell River Airport". Environment Canada. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
12. "Daily Data Report for October 2022". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
13. "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), British Columbia". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
14. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 October 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
15. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 October 2021). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
16. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 November 2015). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
17. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (20 August 2019). "2006 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
18. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2 July 2019). "2001 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
19. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2 July 2019). "Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions, 1996 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
20. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (29 March 2019). "1991 Census Area Profiles Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions – Part B". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
21. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (29 March 2019). "Data tables, 1991 Census Population by Ethnic Origin (24), Showing Single and Multiple Origins (2) – Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
22. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 June 2019). "Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census – Part A". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
23. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 June 2019). "Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census – Part B". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
24. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (3 April 2013). "Canada's aboriginal population by census subdivisions from the 1986 Census of Canada". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
25. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 May 2020). "Data tables, 1981 Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1981 Census – Part A". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
26. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 May 2020). "Data tables, 1981 Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1981 Census – Part B". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
27. Jayne Seagrave (5 June 2014). Camping British Columbia and Yukon: The Complete Guide to National, Provincial, and Territorial Campgrounds. Heritage House. p. 31. ISBN   978-1-927527-60-3.
28. "Carte des écoles Archived 5 October 2021 at archive.today ." Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britanique . Retrieved on 22 January 2015.
29. "Dahl elected Campbell River's new mayor – Vancouver Island Free Daily". 15 October 2022.
30. Ed Readicker-Henderson; Lynn Readicker-Henderson (2004). British Columbia: Adventure Guide. Hunter Publishing, Inc. p. 109. ISBN   978-1-58843-366-4.
31. Brett McGillivray (1 January 2011). Geography of British Columbia, Third Edition: People and Landscapes in Transition. UBC Press. p. 252. ISBN   978-0-7748-4519-9.
32. "An Essential Guide to the 'Planet of the Apes' Films". Exclaim!, 29 June 2017
33. "What We Do". Campbell River Twinning Society. 17 January 2019.

External links

• Official website
• Campbell River travel guide from Wikivoyage

50°1′28″N125°14′51″W / 50.02444°N 125.24750°W / 50.02444; -125.24750