Canaman | |
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Municipality of Canaman | |
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Nicknames: Citadel of Bicol Culture Birthplace of Tancong Vaca Guerilla Unit | |
Motto(s): "Bangon Canaman!" ("Rise Canaman!") | |
![]() Map of Camarines Sur with Canaman highlighted | |
Location within the Philippines | |
Coordinates: 13°39′N123°10′E / 13.65°N 123.17°E Coordinates: 13°39′N123°10′E / 13.65°N 123.17°E | |
Country | ![]() |
Region | Bicol Region (Region V) |
Province | Camarines Sur |
District | 3rd district |
Founded | 1583 |
Barangays | 24 (see Barangays) |
Government | |
• Type | Sangguniang Bayan |
• Mayor | Nelson M. Legaspi |
• Vice Mayor | Venancio B. Regulado |
• Congressman | Gabriel H. Bordado Jr. |
• Electorate | 20,446 voters (2019) |
Area | |
• Total | 43.27 km2 (16.71 sq mi) |
Elevation | 5 m (16 ft) |
Population (2015 census) [3] | |
• Total | 34,210 |
• Density | 790/km2 (2,000/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
ZIP code | 4402 |
PSGC | |
IDD : area code | +63 (0)54 |
Climate type | tropical rainforest climate |
Income class | 4th municipal income class |
Revenue (₱) | 79.5 million (2016) |
Poverty incidence | 24.21 (2012) [4] |
Native languages | Central Bikol Tagalog |
Canaman, officially the Municipality of Canaman, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 34,210 people. [3]
Camarines Sur is a province located in the Bicol Region in Luzon of the Philippines. Its capital is Pili and the province borders Camarines Norte and Quezon to the northwest, and Albay to the south. To the east lies the island province of Catanduanes across the Maqueda Channel.
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila. Bounded by the South China Sea on the west, the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest, the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Japan to the northeast, Vietnam to the west, Palau to the east, and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south.
A landlocked municipality centrally located in the province of Camarines Sur, it is bounded on the north by Magarao, on the south by Gainza and Camaligan, on the east by Naga City, and on the south-west by the broad Bicol River. From north to south it is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) long, and 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) wide from east to west.
Naga, officially the City of Naga, or simply Naga City, is a 2nd class independent component city in the Bicol Region, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 196,003 people.
The Bicol River is the eighth largest river in the Philippines in terms of drainage basin size with an estimated catchment area of 3,770 square kilometres (1,460 sq mi). The river drains the southwestern part of the island of Luzon and passes through Camarines Sur province in the Bicol Region.
The area that is now Canaman used to very thickly forested. According to Fr. Frank Lynch, S.J., who said that Canaman is the purest among Bicol dialects: “The name Canaman is locally said to be derived from the root kana, meaning "building materials". The suffix -man is taken as a locative, the name thus indicating “place where there are building materials”. [5]
Spanish colonization in Canaman began around the 1580s when some Nueva Caceres-based missionaries apparently on their way back from gospel work in either the visita of Quipayo (now Calabanga) or San Gabriel (now a barangay of Pamplona), got their bearings confused and, thinking they were turning eastward from the Bicol River to its Naga tributary, instead entered the Canaman creek which at the time was still a deep and fast flowing stream. They continued paddling until they ended up at a native settlement in what is now the barangay of Poro.
In June 1583, the place was organized into a parish, administered by Fray Pedro Matias de Andrade, a Franciscan who later became the fifth Bishop of Diocese of Caceres. In the 1590s, its church was constructed, which was rebuilt in 1669. [5] The patron saint at that time was San Roque, whose image, said to have come all the way from Spain was met at its arrival by the people of Canaman in the shores of Pasacao.
In 1900, after militant Canamanons heard that the Americans were closing in, they burned the church to the ground in an act of self-immolation to prevent desecration of the church at the hands of the new imperialists. [5] The burning was a deliberate and intentional act: the arsonists even gathered and piled on top of the church’s expensive organ dry grass and big tree branches to which they touched the match, to make certain that the fire consumed all combustible parts of the 231-year-old building and its interiors.
Self-immolation is the act of killing oneself for political or religious reasons, particularly by burning. It is often used as an extreme form of protest or in acts of martyrdom. It has a centuries-long recognition as the most extreme form of protest achieved by humankind.
Desecration is the act of depriving something of its sacred character, or the disrespectful, contemptuous, or destructive treatment of that which is held to be sacred or holy by a group or individual.
In 1902, during the provincial governorship of Captain George Curry, the Municipality of Canaman and its office of the presidente municipal was dissolved and lost its independent existence. [5] Canaman was annexed to Nueva Caceres (now Naga City), though some barrio were attached to Magarao and Canaman’s top position of presidente municipal was downgraded to concejal encargado.
Public educational system reached Canaman in 1903 with the arrival of a certain Miss Long, an American schoolteacher. She opened the first school now known as Canaman Central School in Dinaga, at the house of Don Basilio Severo (at the spot where the Facoma building stands at present) which the government rented.
In 1909, Canaman regained its status as an independent municipality, when it was separated from Nueva Caceres by an act of the First Philippine Legislature. This was mainly due to the efforts of Tomas Arejola, the representative of the first district of Ambos Camarines to the first legislature. [5]
On March 8, 1942, three months after Japanese Imperial Forces landed in Legaspi and Naga City, the Tangcong Vaca Guerilla Unit (TVGU) was organized in Barangay San Nicolas, with Juan Miranda as the Commanding Officer, Leon Aureus as the Executive Officer and Elias Madrid as the Finance Officer. [5] Among the numerous taga-Canaman who joined-up soon afterwards either in the unit’s intelligence or combat components were Jose and Antonio Madrid, Mamerto Sibulo, Andres Fortaleza, Marcos Severo, Damaso Avenilla, Federico Crescini, Nicolas Vargas, Venancio Begino, Eugenio Ragodon, Juan Pachica, Santiago Amaro, Jose Gervas, Pedro Angeles, Aproniano Lopez, Andres Alzate, Modesto Sanchez, Blas Alcantara, Andres Aguilar, Florencio Frondozo, Alfredo de la Torre and Flaviano Estrada.
In April 1945, Canaman was liberated by the 5th, 52nd, 53rd, 55th, 56th and 57th Infantry Divisions of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and the Bicolano guerrilla resistance fighters of the Tangcong Vaca Guerrilla Unit (TVGU).
Climate data for Canaman, Camarines Sur | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 32 (90) | 31 (88) | 34 (93) | 36 (97) | 37 (99) | 37 (99) | 36 (97) | 34 (93) | 35 (95) | 34 (93) | 33 (91) | 32 (90) | 34 (94) |
Average low °C (°F) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 29 (84) | 31 (88) | 32 (90) | 32 (90) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 28 (82) | 30 (85) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 39.34 (1.55) | 68.7 (2.70) | 26.73 (1.05) | 66.19 (2.61) | 84.49 (3.33) | 178.89 (7.04) | 244.27 (9.62) | 188.3 (7.41) | 160.98 (6.34) | 445 (17.5) | 135.5 (5.33) | 367.8 (14.48) | 2,006.19 (78.96) |
Average rainy days | 16 | 18 | 13 | 15 | 23 | 28 | 30 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 25 | 29 | 274 |
Source: World Weather Online [6] |
Canaman is politically subdivided into 24 barangays.
Population census of Canaman | ||
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Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
1918 | 3,710 | — |
1939 | 5,592 | +1.97% |
1948 | 9,032 | +5.47% |
1960 | 8,988 | −0.04% |
1970 | 12,422 | +3.28% |
1975 | 14,522 | +3.18% |
1980 | 15,787 | +1.68% |
1990 | 20,298 | +2.55% |
1995 | 22,732 | +2.14% |
2000 | 27,719 | +4.34% |
2007 | 31,583 | +1.82% |
2010 | 32,390 | +0.92% |
2015 | 34,210 | +1.05% |
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [3] [7] [8] [9] |
In the 2015 census, the population of Canaman was 34,210 people, [3] with a density of 790 inhabitants per square kilometre or 2,000 inhabitants per square mile.
Farming, fishing, and small business are the primary sources of employment and household income. [10]
While most of the people's market activities are done in Naga City, Canaman has a public market and a privately owned "talipapa". Two agro-industrial establishments are found in Canaman: the poultry feeds and palay.
Various types of cottage industries like handicraft, furniture, fan making (made of anahaw), ragiwdiw and nipa shingles are conducted in this town. [10]
In 1998, it was recorded that agricultural workers made up only 27.3% of the work force while 70.8% were engaged in non-agricultural activities. 88.38% of the total land area is devoted to agriculture.
In 2014, Canaman Dragon Boat Camp was launched in the village of Mangayawan along the Bicol River which serves as the turf of the Bicol River Hot Paddlers. [11]
Every month of May, the community honors the Holy Cross through Lagaylay, a tradition which began over a century ago. For nine nights, women dance on the church or a chapel's square while chanting prayers to the Cross.
Most of the roads and main streets in the poblacion (urban barangays) are concrete with few earth and gravel roads, 4 can be reached only through water transportation while 11 can be reached either through water transportation and/or by land transportation.
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