Central veins of liver

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Central veins of liver
Gray1092.png
A single lobule of the liver of a pig. X 60. (Central vein not labeled, though region is visible. Central vein would be a single vein at the center of the lobule.)
Central vein.JPG
human central vein
Details
Drains from Liver sinusoid
Drains to Hepatic veins
Identifiers
Latin venae centrales hepatis
TA98 A05.8.01.059
TA2 3065
FMA 71629
Anatomical terminology

In microanatomy, the central vein of liver (or central venule) [1] is a vein at the center of each hepatic lobule. [2] It receives the blood mixed in the liver sinusoids to drain it into hepatic veins. [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portal vein</span> Short thick vein formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein

The portal vein or hepatic portal vein (HPV) is a blood vessel that carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen to the liver. This blood contains nutrients and toxins extracted from digested contents. Approximately 75% of total liver blood flow is through the portal vein, with the remainder coming from the hepatic artery proper. The blood leaves the liver to the heart in the hepatic veins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Budd–Chiari syndrome</span> Medical condition

Budd–Chiari syndrome is a very rare condition, affecting one in a million adults. The condition is caused by occlusion of the hepatic veins that drain the liver. The symptoms are non-specific and vary widely, but it may present with the classical triad of abdominal pain, ascites, and liver enlargement. It is usually seen in younger adults, with the median age at diagnosis between the ages of 35 and 40, and it has a similar incidence in males and females. The syndrome can be fulminant, acute, chronic, or asymptomatic. Subacute presentation is the most common form.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hepatic veins</span> One of two sets of veins connected to the liver

In human anatomy, the hepatic veins are the veins that drain venous blood from the liver into the inferior vena cava. There are usually three large upper hepatic veins draining from the left, middle, and right parts of the liver, as well as a number (6-20) of lower hepatic veins. All hepatic veins are valveless.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lesser omentum</span> Double layer of peritoneum in the abdomen

The lesser omentum is the double layer of peritoneum that extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach, and to the first part of the duodenum. The lesser omentum is usually divided into these two connecting parts: the hepatogastric ligament, and the hepatoduodenal ligament.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Left gastric artery</span> Artery

In human anatomy, the left gastric artery arises from the celiac artery and runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach before anastomosing with the right gastric artery. It also issues esophageal branches that supply lower esophagus and ascend through the esophageal hiatus to form anastomoses with the esophageal branches of thoracic part of aorta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt</span> Artificial channel within the liver

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is an artificial channel within the liver that establishes communication between the inflow portal vein and the outflow hepatic vein. It is used to treat portal hypertension which frequently leads to intestinal bleeding, life-threatening esophageal bleeding and the buildup of fluid within the abdomen (ascites).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portal vein thrombosis</span> Disease of the liver

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a vascular disease of the liver that occurs when a blood clot occurs in the hepatic portal vein, which can lead to increased pressure in the portal vein system and reduced blood supply to the liver. The mortality rate is approximately 1 in 10.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hepatic artery proper</span>

The hepatic artery proper is the artery that supplies the liver and gallbladder. It raises from the common hepatic artery, a branch of the celiac artery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hepatic portal system</span> System of veins comprising the hepatic portal vein and its tributaries

In human anatomy, the hepatic portal system or portal venous system is the system of veins comprising the portal vein and its tributaries. The other portal venous system in the body is the hypophyseal portal system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vitelline veins</span>

The vitelline veins are veins that drain blood from the yolk sac and the gut tube during gestation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Porta hepatis</span> Short deep depression on the liver

The porta hepatis or transverse fissure of the liver is a short but deep fissure, about 5 cm long, extending transversely beneath the left portion of the right lobe of the liver, nearer its posterior surface than its anterior border.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hepatocellular adenoma</span> Hepatocellular adenoma (HA) is a rare benign tumor of the liver

Hepatocellular adenoma is a rare, benign liver tumor. It most commonly occurs in people with elevated systemic levels of estrogen, classically in women taking estrogen-containing oral contraceptive medication.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Congestive hepatopathy</span> Medical condition

Congestive hepatopathy, is liver dysfunction due to venous congestion, usually due to congestive heart failure. The gross pathological appearance of a liver affected by chronic passive congestion is "speckled" like a grated nutmeg kernel; the dark spots represent the dilated and congested hepatic venules and small hepatic veins. The paler areas are unaffected surrounding liver tissue. When severe and longstanding, hepatic congestion can lead to fibrosis; if congestion is due to right heart failure, it is called cardiac cirrhosis.

The stellate veins are minute veins situated just beneath the fibrous capsule of the kidney. The stellate veins drain the superficial-most portion of the renal cortex. Groups of 5 or 6 stellate veins are arranged in a star-like pattern, converging centrally to drain into an interlobular vein as it penetrates into the renal cortex.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liver sinusoid</span> Hepatic sinusoidal blood vessel

A liver sinusoid is a type of capillary known as a sinusoidal capillary, discontinuous capillary or sinusoid, that is similar to a fenestrated capillary, having discontinuous endothelium that serves as a location for mixing of the oxygen-rich blood from the hepatic artery and the nutrient-rich blood from the portal vein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lobules of liver</span> Microscopic anatomical divisions of the liver

In histology, the lobules of liver, or hepatic lobules, are small divisions of the liver defined at the microscopic scale. The hepatic lobule is a building block of the liver tissue, consisting of a portal triad, hepatocytes arranged in linear cords between a capillary network, and a central vein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Omental foramen</span> Part of the human abdomen

In human anatomy, the omental foramen is the passage of communication, or foramen, between the greater sac, and the lesser sac.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liver</span> Vertebrate organ involved in metabolism

The liver is a major metabolic organ only found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. In humans, it is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm and mostly shielded by the lower right rib cage. Its other metabolic roles include carbohydrate metabolism, the production of hormones, conversion and storage of nutrients such as glucose and glycogen, and the decomposition of red blood cells.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Centrilobular necrosis</span> Medical condition

Centrilobular necrosis (CN) is a nonspecific histopathological observation brought on by hepatotoxins like acetaminophen (paracetamol), thioacetamide, tetrachloride, cardiac hepatopathy due to acute right sided cardiac failure, and congestive hepatic injury in veno‐occlusive disease, or hypoxic injury due to ischemia. Centrilobular necrosis can also be found in those with autoimmune hepatitis. Centrilobular necrosis is characterized by necrotic hepatocytes completely encircling the central vein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lobes of liver</span> Four gross divisions of the human liver

In human anatomy, the liver is divided grossly into four parts or lobes: the right lobe, the left lobe, the caudate lobe, and the quadrate lobe. Seen from the front – the diaphragmatic surface – the liver is divided into two lobes: the right lobe and the left lobe. Viewed from the underside – the visceral surface – the other two smaller lobes, the caudate lobe and the quadrate lobe, are also visible. The two smaller lobes, the caudate lobe and the quadrate lobe, are known as superficial or accessory lobes, and both are located on the underside of the right lobe.

References

  1. Anatomy photo: digestive/mammal/liver3/liver2 - Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis
  2. "central veins of liver - Dictionnaire médical de l'Académie de Médecine". www.academie-medecine.fr. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
  3. "central veins of liver" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary