Centropyge

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Centropyge
Centropyge argi - pone.0010676.g102.png
Centropyge argi
Flame angelfish (Centropyge loricula).jpg
Centropyge loriculus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacanthidae
Genus: Centropyge
Kaup, 1860
Type species
Holacanthus tibicen
Cuvier 1831 [1]
Synonyms [1]

Centropyge is a genus of ray-finned fish, marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean. [2] These species do not exceed 15 cm in length and live in haremic structures with one dominant male and multiple females. [2] Although it is hard to identify their gender; females are often shorter and more round finned. Like many other reef fish and all marine angelfish, the species in this genus are protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning that they start their adult lives as females and the dominant individual in a group can change to a male within days. A reversal of this sex change is possible if the social status of the individual changes, it is however a process that requires much more time. [3]

Contents

In aquaria

This genus prefer matured reef tanks due to the usually high water quality and the often used "live rock". In nature most species feed on algae, sponges and small benthic invertebrates. Having an abundance of well cured live rock will help to supplement their diet. [4] This is also in the interest of the aquarist, as underfed Centropyge angels may nip at corals and sessile invertebrates. [5] Dwarf angels can be quite shy initially, hiding in corals, caves and crevices but become more outgoing when they have established their territory - if they are kept with appropriate tank mates and in appropriately sized tanks. [6]

Species

There are currently 35 recognized species in this genus: [2]

ImageScientific nameCommon nameDistribution
Abe's Anglefish (Centropyge abei), Waikiki Aquarium.JPG Centropyge abei G. R. Allen, Young & P. L. Colin, 2006Abe's pygmy angelfishwestern Pacific Ocean, amongst the islands of Indonesia and Palau
Centropyge acanthops Reunion.JPG Centropyge acanthops (Norman, 1922)Orange-back pygmy angelfisheast coast of Africa,
Cherub fish Centropyge argi.jpg Centropyge argi Woods & Kanazawa, 1951Cherub pygmy angelfishthe Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, North to North Carolina.
Centropyge aurantia.jpg Centropyge aurantia J. E. Randall & Wass, 1974Golden pygmy angelfishthe western Pacific Ocean: Indonesia and the Great Barrier Reef.
Centropyge aurantonotus.jpg Centropyge aurantonotus W. E. Burgess, 1974Flame-back pygmy angelfishsouthern Caribbean Sea and the coastal waters of Brazil
Centropyge bicolor.jpg Centropyge bicolor (Bloch, 1787)Bicolor pygmy angelfishIndo-Pacific region: including East Africa, Southern Japan, Australia, and even Fiji.
Centropyge bispinosa 1.jpg Centropyge bispinosa (Günther, 1860)Two-spined pygmy angelfishIndo-Pacific
Peppermint Angelfish (Paracentropyge boylei), Waikiki Acquarium.JPG Centropyge boylei Pyle & J. E. Randall, 1992Peppermint pygmy angelfisheastern-central Pacific around the Cook Islands and Rarotonga
Centropyge cocosensis K. N. Shen, C. W. Chang, Delrieu-Trottin & Borsa, 2016Cocos pygmy angelfish [7] Eastern Indian Ocean: Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Christmas Island.
Centropyge Colini.jpg Centropyge colini Smith-Vaniz & J. E. Randall, 1974Cocos-Keeling angelfishIndo-west Pacific Ocean, including around the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Centropyge debelius Pyle, 1990Blue Mauritius pygmy angelfishWestern Indian Ocean: Mauritius, Réunion, and the Aldabra Group (Seychelles).
Centropyge deborae K. N. Shen, H. C. Ho & C. W. Chang, 2012Blue velvet pygmy angelfish [8] Fiji
Centropyge eibli.jpg Centropyge eibli Klausewitz, 1963Black-tail pygmy angelfishthe Indo-Pacific.
Centropyge ferrugata.jpg Centropyge ferrugata J. E. Randall & W. E. Burgess, 1972Rusty pygmy angelfishWestern Pacific Ocean
ChairoYK.jpg Centropyge fisheri (Snyder, 1904)Orange pygmy angelfishHawaii.
Centropyge flavipectoralis (Randall & Klausewitz, 1977).jpg Centropyge flavipectoralis J. E. Randall & Klausewitz, 1977Yellow-fin pygmy angelfishIndian Ocean
Yellow Fish (5329967419).jpg Centropyge flavissima (G. Cuvier, 1831)Lemon-peel pygmy angelfishIndo-Pacific region
Centropyge heraldi.jpg Centropyge heraldi Woods & L. P. Schultz, 1953Yellow pygmy angelfish [7] Pacific Ocean
Centropyge hotumatua J. E. Randall & D. K. Caldwell, 1973Black-ear pygmy angelfishEastern Pacific: Austral (including Rapa), Pitcairn and Easter islands.
Centropyge interruptus.jpg Centropyge interrupta (S. Tanaka (I), 1918)Japanese pygmy angelfishOgasawara Islands south of Japan.
Centropyge joculator Smith-Vaniz & J. E. Randall, 1974Yellow-head pygmy angelfishEastern Indian Ocean: Cocos and Christmas Islands.
Flame angelfish (Centropyge loricula).jpg Centropyge loriculus (Günther, 1874)Flame pygmy angelfishreefs of Oceania, most common in Marshall, Line, and Cook Islands
Centropyge multicolor.jpg Centropyge multicolor J. E. Randall & Wass, 1974Multicolor pygmy angelfishPacific Ocean
Centropyge multispinis 1.jpg Centropyge multispinis (Playfair, 1867)Dusky pygmy angelfishtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific
Centropyge nahackyi Kosaki, 1989Nahacky's pygmy angelfishEastern Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll. Strays reported from the Hawaiian Islands.
Centropyge narcosis Pyle & J. E. Randall, 1993Narc pygmy angelfishCook Islands
Centropyge nigriocellus Woods & L. P. Schultz, 1953Black-spot pygmy angelfishPacific Ocean near American Samoa; Cook Islands; Guam; Kiribati (Phoenix Is.); Marshall Islands; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Nauru; New Caledonia; Northern Mariana Islands; Papua New Guinea; Samoa; Tokelau; Tuvalu; United States Minor Outlying Islands (Howland-Baker Is., Johnston I., US Line Is.)
Centropyge nox (Bleeker, 1853)Midnight pygmy angelfishWestern Pacific: Ryukyu Islands to Indonesia, the Solomon Islands, the Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia
Centropyge potteri.jpg Centropyge potteri (D. S. Jordan & Metz, 1912)Russet pygmy angelfishJohnston Atoll and the Hawaiian Islands in the central Pacific Ocean
Centropyge resplendens Lubbock & Sankey, 1975Resplendent pygmy angelfishAscension Island
Centropyge shepardi.jpg Centropyge shepardi J. E. Randall & Yasuda, 1979Mango pygmy angelfishNorthern Marianas Islands, Guam, and the Ogasawara Islands.
AburaYK.jpg Centropyge tibicen (G. Cuvier, 1831)Key-hole pygmy angelfishIndo-Pacific
Juvenile Centropyge venusta.jpg Centropyge venusta (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1969)Purple-mask pygmy angelfishWestern Pacific
Centropyge vrolikii.jpg Centropyge vrolikii (Bleeker, 1853)Pearl-scale angelfishIndo-West Pacific area
Centropyge woodheadi Kuiter, 1998Black-fin pygmy angelfish [7] Southwestern Pacific: from the Great Barrier Reef to the Gambier archipelago.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pomacanthidae</span> Family of fishes

Marine angelfish are perciform fish of the family Pomacanthidae. They are found on shallow reefs in the tropical Atlantic, Indian, and mostly western Pacific Oceans. The family contains seven genera and about 86 species. They should not be confused with the freshwater angelfish, tropical cichlids of the Amazon Basin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lemonpeel angelfish</span> Species of fish

The lemonpeel angelfish, also known as the yellow angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Twospined angelfish</span> Species of fish

The twospined angelfish, also known as the dusky angelfish, or coral beauty, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. They are found in the Indo-Pacific.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orangeback angelfish</span> Species of fish

The orangeback angelfish, also known as the flameback angelfish, African pygmy angelfish and in South Africa as the Jumping Bean or Bean, is a species of ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the western Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bicolor angelfish</span> Species of fish

The bicolor angelfish is a marine species of fish, easily recognizable by its yellow tail, yellow front half of their body, and blue rear with blue patterns above and around the eye. Other names of this angelfish include: Pacific rock beauty, oriole angelfish, oriole dwarf angel, blue and gold angel, and two-colored angel. The life expectancy in the wild varies greatly, depending on location, and ranges between 5 and 13 years. These fish tend to grow to a maximum of 6 inches in length. The larval stages lasts approximately 32 days.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Japanese angelfish</span> Species of fish

The Japanese angelfish or Japanese pygmy angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Genicanthus watanabei</i> Species of fish

Genicanthus watanabei, the blackedged angelfish or Watanabe’s angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bluering angelfish</span> Species of fish

The bluering angelfish, also known as the Annularis Angelfish and the Blue King Angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is member of the genus Pomacanthus, composed of large marine angelfish.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Queen angelfish</span> Species of marine angelfish

The queen angelfish, also known as the blue angelfish, golden angelfish, or yellow angelfish, is a species of marine angelfish found in the western Atlantic Ocean. It is a benthic warm-water species that lives in coral reefs. It is recognized by its blue and yellow coloration and a distinctive spot or "crown" on its forehead. This crown distinguishes it from the closely related and similar-looking Bermuda blue angelfish, with which it overlaps in range and can interbreed.

The resplendent pygmy angelfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish, belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is endemic to Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Centropyge eibli</i> Species of fish

Centropyge eibli, the blacktail angelfish, red stripe angelfish, orangelined angelfish, or Eibl dwarf angel is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found near reefs in the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Paracentropyge multifasciata</i> Species of fish

Paracentropyge multifasciata, the barred angelfish, banded pygmy-angelfish, many-banded angelfish, multi-banded angelfish or multibarred angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish, belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is native to the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Centropyge multicolor</i> Species of fish

Centropyge multicolor, the multicolor angelfish or pearlback angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is from the Pacific Ocean that sometimes makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 9 cm in length.

<i>Centropyge potteri</i> Species of fish

Centropyge potteri, commonly known as the russet angelfish, Potter's angelfish or Potter's pygmy angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the central Pacific Ocean.

<i>Centropyge ferrugata</i> Species of fish

Centropyge ferrugata, the rusty angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. The rusty angelfish comes from the Western Pacific Ocean and sometimes makes its way into the aquarium trade.

<i>Centropyge multispinis</i> Species of fish

Centropyge multispinis, known by the common names bluefin dwarf, brown pygmy angelfish, dusky angelfish, dusky cherub, many-spined angelfish, and multispined angelfish, is a species of marine ray finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area.

<i>Centropyge fisheri</i> Species of fish

Centropyge fisheri, the orange angelfish, whitetail angelfish, damsel angelfish, yellowtail angelfish, Hawaiian flame angelfish, Fisher’s angelfish, Fisher’s dwarf angelfish or Fisher’s pygmy angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Centropyge vrolikii</i> Species of fish

Centropyge vrolikii, known commonly as the pearlscale angelfish or half black angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden angelfish</span> Species of fish

Golden angelfish, also known as golden pygmy angelfish or velvet dwarf angel, is a small marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It inhabits shallow reefs in the western Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Halfbanded angelfish</span> Species of fish

The halfbanded angelfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

References

  1. 1 2 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Pomacanthidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). Species of Centropyge in FishBase . October 2016 version.
  3. Hioki, S. & Suzuki, K. (1996): Sex changing from male to female on the way of protogynous process in three Centropyge angelfishes (Pomacanthidae: Teleostei). Bulletin of the Institute of Oceanic Research and Development, Tokai University, 17: 27–34.
  4. Thomasser, A. Reef Safari! Keeping Multibarred Angelfish. WetWebMedia.
  5. Hauter, S. & Hauter, D. (2016): Reef Tank Safe Angelfish. Archived 2009-05-30 at the Wayback Machine Saltaquarium.
  6. Fenner, R. Perfect Little Angels, Genus Centropyge. WetWebMedia.
  7. 1 2 3 Shen, K.-N., Chang, C.-W., Delrieu-Trottin, E. & Borsa, P. (2016): Lemonpeel (Centropyge flavissima) and yellow (C. heraldi) pygmy angelfishes each consist of two geographically isolated sibling species. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (3): 831-845.
  8. Shen, K.-N., Ho, H.-C. & Chang, C.-W. (2012): The Blue Velvet Angelfish Centropyge deborae sp. nov., a New Pomacanthid from the Fiji Islands, Based on Genetic and Morphological Analyses. Archived 2019-08-03 at the Wayback Machine Zoological Studies, 51 (3): 415-423.