Clinanthus

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Clinanthus
Temporal range: 24.18 –0  Ma
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Late Oligocene – Recent [1]
Clinanthus variegatus -Mo Er Ben Zhi Wu Yuan Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne- (9255188178).jpg
Clinanthus variegatus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Clinanthus
Herb. [2]
Type species
Clinanthus luteus Herb. [3]
Species

See list.

Synonyms [4]
  • CarpodetesHerb.
  • CoburgiaSweet
  • CrocopsisPax
  • NeaeraSalisb.

Clinanthus is a genus of bulbous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae. [5] [4] [6] It is found in western South America, including Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, north Chile and north west Argentina. [2]

Contents

Description

Clinanthus humilis Clinanthus humilis imported from iNaturalist photo 112878707 on 28 October 2023.jpg
Clinanthus humilis

Vegetative characteristics

Clinanthus are perennial herbs with sessile, [7] linear to lorate, [8] up to 50–60 cm long leaves. [7]

Generative characteristics

The inflorescences have 2–10 mostly pink or red flowers. The androecium consists of 6 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 3 carpels. [7] The stigma is capitate. [9] The trilocular, green or glaucous capsule fruit bears numerous brown to black, winged, flat seeds. [7]

Taxonomy

It was published by William Herbert in 1821 with Clinanthus luteus Herb. as the type species. [3]

Species

Species include:

Ecology

Habitat

Clinanthus occurs in seasonally dry shrubland or grassy vegetation [10] at elevations above 2000 m above sea level. [10] [11] [12]

Pollination

The flowers are possibly ornithophilous (i.e., bird pollinated). [11]

References

  1. ↑ Meerow, A. W., Gardner, E. M., & Nakamura, K. (2020). Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 582422.
  2. 1 2 "Clinanthus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
  3. 1 2 Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-d). Clinanthus Herb. Tropicos. Retrieved December 10, 2024, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40010393
  4. 1 2 "Clinanthus Herb". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  5. ↑ "Clinanthus". The Plant List. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
  6. ↑ "Clinanthus Herb". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000. n.d. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Soto Vásquez, M. R., & Leiva Salinas, M. J. (2015). Estudio exomorfológico y fitoquímico de los bulbos de dos especies endémicas del Perú de la familia Amaryllidaceae. Arnaldoa, 22(1).
  8. ↑ Herbert, W. (1837). Amaryllidaceæ: preceded by an attempt to arrange the Monocotyledonous orders, and followed by a treatise on cross-bred vegetables, and supplement. ... With fortyeight plates. pp. 192–193. Vereinigtes Königreich: (n.p.).
  9. ↑ Byng, J. W. (2014). The Flowering Plants Handbook: A practical guide to families and genera of the world. p. 87. Vereinigtes Königreich: Plant Gateway Ltd..
  10. 1 2 Rodríguez-Escobar, M. L., Tallini, L. R., Lisa-Molina, J., Berkov, S., Viladomat, F., Meerow, A., ... & Torras-Claveria, L. (2023). Chemical and Biological Aspects of Different Species of the Genus Clinanthus Herb.(Amaryllidaceae) from South America. Molecules, 28(14), 5408.
  11. 1 2 Meerow, A. W. (2010). Convergence or reticulation? Mosaic evolution in the canalized American Amaryllidaceae. Diversity, phylogeny and evolution in the monocotyledons, 145-168.
  12. ↑ Ruschel Tallini, L. (2018). Estudio de los alcaloides de las Amaryllidaceae como fuente de nuevas moléculas bioactivas.
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