Coelopoeta

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Coelopoeta
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pterolonchidae
Genus: Coelopoeta
Walsingham, 1907

Coelopoeta is a relatively divergent genus of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea, which have only been found in western North America.

Contents

Its relationships have been interpreted differently over the past century. It has been placed in the family Elachistidae, the family Oecophoridae, and the subfamily Coelopoetinae within the Elachistidae. [1]

Taxonomy

It was described from California in 1907 as a monotypic genus by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham to house the new species C. glutinosi, which is therefore the type species. [2] Lord Walsingham placed the genus in the family Hyponomeutidae. [3]

A second species from California was added in 1920 by William Barnes and August Busck, C. baldella, [2] [4] based on supposed colour differences with the type species, [5] and the genus was moved to the family Elachistidae by these two authors in the same paper. [3] This new taxon was then synonymised with C. glutinosi by Annette F. Braun in 1948 due to the insects being morphologically identical and found on the same food plants, rendering the genus monotypic again. [5] This interpretation of synonymy was upheld by Ronald W. Hodges in 1983, [2] Lauri Kaila in 1995, [3] and van Nieukerken et al. in 2011. [6]

Braun also placed the genus in the family Elachistidae in her 1948 monograph on the North American members of the family, based on the morphology of the mouth parts, the antenna and the wing venation, although she mentions the divergent genitalia compared to the rest of the family. [3] [5]

Hodges was the first to classified the one species in its own subfamily, the Coelopoetinae of the Elachistidae, in 1978, although he mentions doubting if the new subgenus might not better be placed in the Oecophorini. [3] [6] and in the 1983 Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico (in which it is numbered 1076) he retained this classification. [2] [3] In 1995 Kaila reviewed the genus Coelopoeta and continued to include it in the family Elachistidae. He described two new species, one from high elevations in California and another from the Yukon in Canada. [2] [3]

Brown et al. classified the genus in the subfamily Oecophorinae of the Oecophoridae in 2004. [4]

In Zhi-Qiang Zhang's 2011 attempt to number all the known animal species of earth, van Nieukerken et al., the authors of the section on Lepidoptera, recognised the Coelopoetidae as an independent, monotypic family within the superfamily Gelechioidea, comprising three species in the genus Coelopoeta. [6] Three years later, in 2014, a cladistic analysis by Heikkilä et al. moved the genus to the subfamily Coelopoetinae of the family Pterolonchidae. [7]

Species

Distribution

Coelopoeta is native to western North America, from California to the Yukon, although none are recorded from Oregon, Washington, Idaho or British Columbia. [2] [3]

Ecology

The caterpillars of C. glutinosi mine within the leaves of Eriodictyon plant species, those of C. phaceliae are hosted on species of Phacelia . [2] [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elachistidae</span> Family of moths

The Elachistidae are a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. Some authors lump about 3,300 species in eight subfamilies here, but this arrangement almost certainly results in a massively paraphyletic and completely unnatural assemblage, united merely by symplesiomorphies retained from the first gelechioid moths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gelechiidae</span> Family of moths

The Gelechiidae are a family of moths commonly referred to as twirler moths or gelechiid moths. They are the namesake family of the huge and little-studied superfamily Gelechioidea, and the family's taxonomy has been subject to considerable dispute. These are generally very small moths with narrow, fringed wings. The larvae of most species feed internally on various parts of their host plants, sometimes causing galls. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga) is a host plant common to many species of the family, particularly of the genus Chionodes, which as a result is more diverse in North America than usual for Gelechioidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gelechioidea</span> Superfamily of moths

Gelechioidea is the superfamily of moths that contains the case-bearers, twirler moths, and relatives, also simply called curved-horn moths or gelechioid moths. It is a large and poorly understood '"micromoth" superfamily, constituting one of the basal lineages of the Ditrysia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Batrachedridae</span> Family of moths

The Batrachedridae are a small family of tiny moths. These are small, slender moths which rest with their wings wrapped tightly around their bodies.

The Cosmopterigidae are a family of insects in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species are described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pterolonchidae</span> Family of moths

Pterolonchidae is a small family of very small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. There are species native to every continent except Australia and Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taxonomy of the Lepidoptera</span> Classification of moths and butterflies

The insect order Lepidoptera consists of moths, most of which are night-flying, and a derived group, mainly day-flying, called butterflies. Within Lepidoptera as a whole, the groups listed below before Glossata contain a few basal families accounting for less than 200 species; the bulk of Lepidoptera are in the Glossata. Similarly, within the Glossata, there are a few basal groups listed first, with the bulk of species in the Heteroneura. Basal groups within Heteroneura cannot be defined with as much confidence, as there are still some disputes concerning the proper relations among these groups. At the family level, however, most groups are well defined, and the families are commonly used by hobbyists and scientists alike.

<i>Homaledra</i> Moth genus in family Batrachedridae

Homaledra is a small genus of at least four species small moth of the family Pterolonchidae native to North and South America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Depressariidae</span> Family of moths

Depressariidae is a family of moths. It was formerly treated as a subfamily of Gelechiidae, but is now recognised as a separate family, comprising about 2,300 species worldwide.

<i>Stephensia</i> (moth) Genus of moths

Stephensia is a genus of the small and very small moths of the family Elachistidae.

<i>Perittia</i> Genus of moths

Perittia is a genus of moths of the family Elachistidae.

Coelopoeta glutinosi is a tiny species of moth in the superfamily Gelechioidea. It is found in California in the United States.

Coelopoeta phaceliae is a moth in the superfamily Gelechioidea. It is found in the US state of California.

Coelopoeta maiadella is a moth in the superfamily Gelechioidea. It is found in Yukon, Canada.

<i>Syringopais temperatella</i> Species of moth

Syringopais temperatella, the cereal leaf miner or wheat leaf miner, is a very small sized moth of the family Pterolonchidae. It is found on Cyprus and in Greece and the Near East. It is an important pest in cereal grain fields in some areas.

<i>Homaledra heptathalama</i> Moth species in family Batrachedridae

Homaledra heptathalama, the exclamation moth or palm leaf housemaker, is a moth in the family Pterolonchidae. It was described by August Busck in 1900. It is found in the United States, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Florida and South Carolina.

Homaledra sabalella, the palm leaf skeletonizer moth, is a moth in the family Pterolonchidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, South Carolina and Texas. It is also present in Puerto Rico, Hispaniola and Cuba.

Epimarptidae was a former, or is a possible, monotypic family of moths in the moth superfamily Gelechioidea. It can now be seen as either a synonym of family Batrachedridae, or a monotypic subfamily of that family.

<i>Mathildana</i> Genus of moths

Mathildana is a genus of concealer moths in the family Oecophoridae. There are at least three described species in Mathildana.

<i>Pterolonche</i> Genus of moth

Pterolonche is small genus of small moths of the family Pterolonchidae.

References

  1. ↑ Savela, Markku (28 December 2009). "Coelopoeta". Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Savela, Markku (9 February 2015). "Coelopoeta". Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Kaila, Lauri (1995). "A review of Coelopoeta (Elachistidae), with descriptions of two new species" (PDF). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society. 49 (2): 171–178. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  4. 1 2 Brown, John W.; Adamski, David; Hodges, Ronald W.; Bahr, II, Stephen M. (14 May 2004). "Catalog of the type specimens of Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera) in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History" (PDF). Zootaxa. 510: 21. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.510.1.1. ISBN   1-877354-41-4. ISSN   1175-5334 . Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  5. 1 2 3 Braun, Annette F. (1948). "Elachistidae of North America (Microlepidoptera)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Society. 13: 8. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  6. 1 2 3 van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Kaila, Lauri; Kitching, Ian J.; Kristensen, Niels P.; Lees, David C.; Minet, Joël; Mitter, Charles; Mutanen, Marko; Regier, Jerome C.; Simonsen, Thomas J.; Wahlberg, Niklas; Yen, Shen-Horn; Zahiri, Reza; Adamski, David; Baixeras, Joaquin; Bartsch, Daniel; Bengtsson, Bengt Å.; Brown, John W.; Bucheli, Sibyl Rae; Davis, Donald R.; de Prins, Jurate; de Prins, Willy; Epstein, Marc E.; Gentili-Poole, Patricia; Gielis, Cees; Hättenschwiler, Peter; Hausmann, Axel; Holloway, Jeremy D.; Kallies, Axel; Karsholt, Ole; Kawahara, Akito Y.; Koster, Sjaak; Kozlov, Mikhail V.; Lafontaine, J. Donald; Lamas, Gerardo; Landry, Jean-François; Lee, Sangmi; Nuss, Matthias; Park, Kyu-Tek; Penz, Carla; Rota, Jadranka; Schintlmeister, Alexander; Schmidt, B. Christian; Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Alma Solis, M.; Tarmann, Gerhard M.; Warren, Andrew D.; Weller, Susan; Yaklovlev, Roman V.; Zolotuhin, Vadim V.; Zwick, Andreas (2011). "Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758" (PDF). In Zhang, Zhi-Qiang (ed.). Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Vol. 3148. pp. 212–221. ISBN   978-1-86977-850-7 . Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  7. ↑ Heikkilä, Maria; Mutanen, Marko; Kekkonen, Mari; Kaila, Lauri (November 2014). "Morphology reinforces proposed molecular phylogenetic affinities: a revised classification for Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera)". Cladistics. 30 (6): 563–589. doi: 10.1111/cla.12064 . PMID   34794251. S2CID   84696495 . Retrieved 17 December 2019.
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