Oecophorinae | |
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Adult Philobota arabella or a related species, Aranda, Australia | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Family: | Oecophoridae |
Subfamily: | Oecophorinae Bruand, 1851 |
Genera | |
Numerous, see text | |
Synonyms | |
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The Oecophorinae are the nominate subfamily of moths in the concealer moth family (Oecophoridae). They are part of the insufficiently studied superfamily Gelechioidea, and like their relatives, the circumscription of this taxon is disputed. [1]
In some approaches, the Oecophoridae are expanded to include several lineages formerly placed in the Elachistidae or considered independent gelechioid families. As regards the Oecophorinae, the proposed concealer moth subfamilies Chimabachinae, Deuterogoniinae, Peleopodinae and Philobotinae were included here pending further study of the affiliations of their genera. They were also often treated as independent families (Chimabachidae, Deuterogoniidae, Peleopodidae and Philobotidae) by those who followed a "splitting" approach. In general, the delimitation of the Oecophorinae versus the Amphisbatinae, Depressariinae and Hypertrophinae has been the most contested issue, though the uncertain placement of the Xyloryctidae versus the concealer moths (into which they might belong as subfamily) has also been a considerable stumbling block. [1]
Numerous attempts have been made to divide the Oecophorinae into tribes, such as Carcinini, Crossotocerini, Denisiini, Herrichini, Oecophorini, Peleopodini and Pleurotini. Also placed here under this scheme are the Cacochroini and Orophiini, which otherwise were included in the Depressariinae (but usually only when these were elevated to full family rank). Most of the proposed tribes were based on phenetic or qualitative analyses, if not merely on the whim of the entomologists that established them, and no robust evolutionary scenario has been established for the different lineages of Oecophorinae. The groups around the genus Peleopoda (the former Peleopodinae) and of course the type genus Oecophora are generally recognized to be well distinguished from each other, but no satisfying arrangement has been found for the bulk of the (presumed) oecophorine genera. Hence, no subdivision into tribes is attempted here. [1]
The following genera (with some notable species also listed) are usually held to belong to the Oecophorinae. Still, placement of few genera is completely certain (see above), and many – in particular monotypic genera – may not be valid at all. New oecophorine genera are also being described frequently: [1]
Pyraustinae is a large subfamily of the lepidopteran family Crambidae, the crambid snout moths. It currently includes over 1,400 species; most of them tropical but some found in temperate regions including both North America and Europe.
Aristotelia is a genus of moths in the family Gelechiidae. Well-known species are food plant specialists, and diverse hosts are used – Salicaceae, Solanaceae, Rosaceae, Fagaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae.
Dichomeris is a genus of moths in the family Gelechiidae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1818.
Gelechia is a genus of moths in the family Gelechiidae. The type species is Gelechia rhombella.
Hypatima is a genus of the twirler moth family (Gelechiidae). Among these, it belongs to a distinct lineage, which is variously treated as tribe Chelariini in subfamilies Dichomeridinae, Gelechiinae, or even Pexicopiinae, and historically was considered a subfamily in its own right, Chelariinae. Of this lineage, Hypatima – under its junior synonym Chelaria – is the type genus. This genus has numerous species, but its exact limits are not quite clear. This genus occurs mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, though one of the better-known species is the only member of this genus native to Europe, the lobster-clawed moth.
Lecithocera is a genus of moths in the lecithocerid subfamily Lecithocerinae. The genus was erected by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1853.
Ethmia is a large genus of small moths. It is the type genus of the gelechioid family Ethmiidae, which is sometimes included in Elachistidae or Oecophoridae as subfamily.
Ancylis is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.
Endothenia is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.
Grapholita is a large genus of tortrix moths. It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.
Lobesia is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.
The Depressariinae – sometimes spelled "Depressiinae" in error – are a subfamily of moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. Like their relatives therein, their exact relationships are not yet very well resolved. It has been considered part of family Elachistidae sensu lato or included in an expanded Oecophoridae. In modern classifications they are treated as the distinct gelechioid family Depressariidae.
Agonopterix is a moth genus of the superfamily Gelechioidea. It is placed in the family Depressariidae, which was often – particularly in older treatments – considered a subfamily of the Oecophoridae or included in the Elachistidae.
Xyloryctidae is a family of moths contained within the superfamily Gelechioidea described by Edward Meyrick in 1890. Most genera are found in the Indo-Australian region. While many of these moths are tiny, some members of the family grow to a wingspan of up to 66 mm, making them giants among the micromoths.
Carposina is a genus of moths in the Carposinidae family.
Odites is a genus of moths in the family Depressariidae. Most species of this genus are found in Asia and in Africa.
Gelechiinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854.
Data related to Oecophorinae at Wikispecies See also Gelechioidea talk page for comparison of some approaches to gelechioid systematics and taxonomy.