Communist Party of Tajikistan

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Communist Party of Tajikistan
Ҳизби коммунистии Тоҷикистон (Tajik)
Коммунистическая партия Таджикистана (Russian)
AbbreviationCPT (English)
HKT (Tajik)
KPT (Russian)
Leader Miroj Abdulloyev
Founded6 December 1924
HeadquartersFatekh Niyazi 37, Dushanbe. 734002
Membership (2020)52,000
Ideology Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Soviet patriotism
Political position Far-left
National affiliation Communist Party of the Soviet Union (until 1991)
Regional affiliation UCP–CPSU
International affiliation Comintern (1924–1943)
Cominform (1947–1956)
IMCWP
Colours  Red
Slogan Workers of the world, unite
Anthem The Internationale
Assembly of Representatives
2 / 61
Website
kpt.freenet.tj

The Communist Party of Tajikistan [lower-alpha 1] is the oldest political party in Tajikistan. The party was founded on 6 January 1924 and was the ruling party of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from 1924 to 1929 and the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1990 as part of the Soviet Union as a republican branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It was banned in 1991 following the 1991 coup.

Contents

The CPT is a based on the concept of democratic centralism, a principle conceived by Russian Marxist Vladimir Lenin, that entails democratic and open discussion of policy issues within the party followed by the requirement of total unity in upholding the agreed policies. The highest institution of the party was the Party Congress, which elects the Central Committee. In between party congresses, the Central Committee is the highest decision-making organ regarding party affairs. After a party congress, the Central Committee elects the Politburo and Secretariat, as well as the First Secretary, the highest party officer.

The party is committed to communism and participates in the International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties, an annual international forum of communist parties. According to the party statute, the party adheres to Marxism–Leninism, based on the writings of Vladimir Lenin and Karl Marx, and formalized under Joseph Stalin. The party had pursued state socialism, [1] under which all industries were nationalized and a command economy was introduced. Prior to the adoption of central planning in 1929, Lenin had introduced a mixed economy, commonly referred to as the New Economic Policy, in the 1920s, which allowed to introduce certain capitalist elements in the Soviet economy. This changed upon the ascension of Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985 when he and his allies envisioned the introduction of an economy similar to Lenin's earlier New Economic Policy through a program of "perestroika", or restructuring, but their reforms, leading to the unraveling of the CPT in the 1990 Dushanbe riots, the banning of the CPT in 1991 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The party managed to remain in power until 2000 when it was overtaken by the People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan but the party improved when it won 13.97% of the popular vote and 4 out of 63 seats in the 2005 election. [2]

Today, the party is affiliated to the Union of Communist Parties – Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

History

Soviet era

The first social democratic groups arose in Tajikistan during the 1905 Russian Revolution and by late 1917 and early 1918, Bolshevik organizations were created in Khodjent, Ura-Tyube, Penjikent, and Shurab. On 6 December 1924, the government formed the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan in the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The first Tajik party conference was held between 21 and 27 October 1927. On 25 November 1929, by the decision of the Politburo of the CPSU, the CPT was formed by separation from the CPU. In 1975, the CPT had more than 94,000 members.

Regional and city committees

  • Dushanbe City Committee
  • Garm Regional Committee
  • Gorno-Badakhshan Regional Committee *Kulyab Regional Committee
  • Kurgan-Tyubinsk Regional Committee *Stalinabad Regional Committee
  • Ura-Tyuba Regional Committee

Post-independence

After becoming independent, it was voted to rename the CPT the Socialist Party of Tajikistan; however, by December 1991, the ban on the activities of the Communist Party was lifted. [3] [4] During the Tajikistani Civil War, the CPT supported the government and the Popular Front of Tajikistan. At present, the Communist Party of Tajikistan supports the government of Emomali Rahmon. Beginning in the 2000s, the CPT lost the majority of its electorate, with today's electorate of the party being made up mainly of people of retirement age.

Leaders

First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan (1924–1991)

No.PictureName

(Birth–Death)

Took officeLeft officePolitical party
First Secretary
1 Coat of Arms of Tajik ASSR 1924-04.1929.svg Chinor Emomov
(1898–1939)		19241927 CPSU
2 Coat of Arms of Tajik ASSR 1924-04.1929.svg Mumin Khojaev
(?–?)		19271928 CPSU
3 Coat of Arms of Tajik ASSR 1924-04.1929.svg Ali Shervoni
(?–?)		19281929 CPSU
4 Coat of Arms of Tajik ASSR 04.1929-24.02.1931.svg Shirinsho Shotemur
(1899–1937)		19291930 CPSU
5 A. G. Karaev i M. D. Guseinov.jpg Mirza Huseynov
(1894–1938)		19301933 CPSU
6 The coat of arms of the Tajik SSR (24.02.1931-04.07.1935).svg Grigory Broydo
(1883–1956)		19331934 CPSU
7 Suren Shadunts.jpg Suren Shadunts
(1898–1938)		19341936 CPSU
8 The coat of arms of the Tajik SSR (27.04.1935-20.05.1937).svg Urunboi Ashurov
(1903–1938)		19361937 CPSU
9 Protopopov DZ.jpg Dmitri Protopopov
(1897–1986)		19371946 CPSU
10 Emblem of the Tajik SSR.svg Bobojon Ghafurov
(1908–1977)		19461956 CPSU
11 Emblem of the Tajik SSR.svg Tursun Uljabayev
(1916–1988)		19561961 CPSU
12 Emblem of the Tajik SSR.svg Jabbor Rasulov
(1913–1982)		19611982 CPSU
13 Emblem of the Tajik SSR.svg Rahmon Nabiyev
(1930–1993)		19821985 CPSU
14 Emblem of the Tajik SSR.svg Qahhor Mahkamov
(1932–2016)		19851991 CPSU

Second Secretaries

Chairman of the Communist Party of Tajikistan (1991–Present)

No.PictureName

(Birth–Death)

Took officeLeft office
Chairman
1 Shabdolov ShD.jpg Shodi Shabdolov

(1943–2023)

4 September 19912 July 2016
2 LogoKPT.svg Ismoil Talbakov
(1955–2016)		2 July 201617 December 2016
3 LogoKPT.svg Mirzoazim Nasimov
(?–?)		17 December 201622 April 2017
4 Miroj Abdulloyev.jpg Miroj Abdulloyev
(born 1948)		22 April 2017Incumbent

Electoral history

Presidential elections

ElectionParty candidateVotes%Result
1991 Rahmon Nabiyev 60.4%ElectedGreen check.svg
2006 Ismoil Talbakov 159,4935.2%LostRed x.svg
2013 Ismoil Talbakov 181,6755.04%LostRed x.svg
2020 Miroj Abdulloyev 49,5351.18%LostRed x.svg

Assembly of Representatives elections

ElectionVotes%Seats+/–PositionGovernment
1995
60 / 181
Increase2.svg 60Increase2.svg 1stMajority
2000
13 / 63
Decrease2.svg 47Decrease2.svg 2ndOpposition
2005 533,06620.6%
4 / 63
Decrease2.svg 9Steady2.svg 2ndOpposition
2010 229,0807.0%
2 / 63
Decrease2.svg 2Decrease2.svg 3rdOpposition
2015 2.2%
2 / 63
Steady2.svgDecrease2.svg 5thOpposition
2020 3.1%
2 / 63
Steady2.svgDecrease2.svg 6thOpposition

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Tajik: Ҳизби Коммунистии Тоҷикистон, romanized: Hizbi Kommunistiyi Tojikiston, [ˈhɪzbɪkəmʊˈnʲistɪjɪtʰɔdʒikʰɪsˈtʰɔn] ; Russian: Коммунистическая партия Таджикистана, romanized: Kommunističeskaja partija Tadžikistana

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References

  1. ↑ Pyrih, R. Communist Party of Ukraine, the Soviet period (КОМУНІСТИЧНА ПАРТІЯ УКРАЇНИ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ДОБИ) . Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. 2007
  2. ↑ PARLINE database on national parliaments – Tajikistan Majlisi namoyandogon (House of Representatives) – Last Election
  3. ↑ Договор ратифицирован, а компартия признана невиновной // «Известия», 26 декабря 1991, № 306
  4. ↑ Энциклопедия Кольера
  5. ↑ Tunçer-Kılavuz, Idil (2014-06-27). Power, Networks and Violent Conflict in Central Asia: A Comparison of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Routledge. ISBN   9781317805113.
  6. ↑ "He was in office of Second Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Tajikistan during 1986–1989".
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