Comparison of mobile operating systems

Last updated

This is a comparison of mobile operating systems. Only the latest versions are shown in the table below, even though older versions may still be marketed.

Contents

About OS

About OS
Feature Android iOS HarmonyOS Tizen KaiOS Sailfish OS
Aurora OS
Ubuntu Touch Mobian [1] Plasma Mobile PureOS PostmarketOS
Developed by Google, Open Handset Alliance Apple Inc. Huawei Linux Foundation, Tizen Association, Samsung, Intel KaiOS Technologies Inc.(TCL) Sailfish Alliance, Mer, Jolla and Sailfish community contributorsUBports and Ubuntu community contributors (previously Canonical Ltd.)Debian on Mobile Team KDE and Blue Systems Purism PostmarketOS community
Market share [2] 77%19%4%0.22%0.14%N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A
LicenseBase system is open source, but many devices use proprietary drivers for hardware support, and most Android operating systems include Proprietary apps (such as Google Play and other Google apps).

[3] [4]

Proprietary, open source kernel and core Proprietary except for open-source componentsPartial; both proprietary and open-source components, assorted licenses Proprietary except for open source kernel patches (formerly the MPL 2.0 B2G OS) Free and open-source, but the UI and the SDK are proprietary and closed source Free and open-source, mainly the GPL [5] Free and open-source, mainly the GPL Free and open-source, mainly the GPL Free and open-source, mainly the GPL Free and open-source, GPL
Current version1518.25.0.0.102(SP3C00E73R4P17) - Release4.0.0.73.14.5.0.2420.04 OTA-4202105165.24.310.021.12 Service Pack 3
Development version1518.3 Beta 15.0.0.103 - Release (Beta)8.0 M23.2UnknownUnknown20220612UnknownUnknownN/A
Current version release datesSeptember 3, 2024;3 months agoMay 20, 2024;7 months agoOctober 23, 2024;58 days agoMay 30, 2020;4 years ago [6] ?September 12, 2023;15 months ago [7] February 18, 2022;2 years agoMay 16, 2021;3 years agoMarch 8, 2022;2 years agoOctober 2, 2021;3 years agoMarch 13, 2022;2 years ago
OS familyModified Linux kernel based Darwin OpenHarmony Linux (based on a combination of Linux MeeGo and Samsung Bada) Firefox OS / Open Web (based on Linux kernel) Linux Linux (based on Ubuntu) Linux (based on Debian) Linux (mainly based on KDE neon ) Linux (based on Debian) Linux (based on Alpine Linux)
Supported CPU architecture ARM (32-bit ARMv7-A and 64-bit ARMv8-A only), x86, x86-64 [8] 64-bit ARMv8-A only 64-bit ARM, RISC-V, x86, x64 ARM, x86, x86-64 ARM ARM, x86-64 ARM, x86-64 64-bit ARM, RISC-V, x86, x86-64 and LoongArchARM ARM, ?Convergence operating system
Programmed in C, C++, Java, Kotlin C, C++, Objective-C, Swift C, C++, JS, ArkTS, CangjieC++, Xamarin.Forms (.NET C#, F#, VB [9] )HTML5, JavaScriptC++, QML, PythonApps: HTML5, QML, Go, JavaScript, C++
System: C, C++, QML
C, C++ C++, QML ? Python install tool and shell script packages
Public issues listYes [10] 3rd party [11] Yes [12] Yes [13] No [14] Yes [15] Yes [16] Yes [17] Yes [18] Yes [19] Yes [20]
DRM-free [21] No [22] since Android 4.1 [23] and Android 4.3 [24] and more restrictions on Android 4.4 [25] No – FairPlay No – Huawei WisePlay [26] Yes?YesYesYesYes[ citation needed ]Yes[ citation needed ]Yes
Device independent system updatesPartial system updates since Oreo [27] 3rd party software like LineageOS [28] Yes [29] Yes [30] NoFor feature phones, not smart phones YesYes [31] ? ??Yes. [32] Intended for use on old mobile devices
Wireless system updates Yes5+ [33] YesNo ?YesYes?? ??
GPU accelerated GUI 3+ [34] YesYes. Since 3.0 [35] Yes ?YesYes? ???
Feature Android iOS HarmonyOS Tizen KaiOS Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch Mobian [1] Plasma Mobile PureOS PostmarketOS

Advanced controls

Advanced controls
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
While-in-use permissions10+11+: Location only [36] NoNoYes3.0+
Per-app Internet accessNo, [37] 3rd party software [38] 7+: Cellular only; [39] 3rd party software on jailbroken devices [40] NoNoNoNo
Per-app identity access8+ [41] 6+ [42] [43] NoNoYes2.0+
Per-app user data access6+ [44] 6+ [45] NoNoYes3.0+
Per-app background executionNo, [46] 3rd party apps available [47] 7+ [48] NoNoBackground execution not allowed2.0+
Per-app notifications4.1+ [49] 5+ [50] [51] NoNoYes2.0+
Per-app location access6+ [44] 4+ [52] NoNoYes2.0+
Per-app camera access6+ [44] 8+ [53] NoNoYesYes
Per-app microphone access6+ [44] 7+ [54] NoNoYesYes
Per-app shared files access6+ [44] 8+ [55] NoNoYesYes
Per-app network data usage auditing4+ [56] Yes [57] ?No [58] NoYes
Fine grained storage usageYes [59] 5+ [60] ?NoYesYes
Parental controls 4.3+ or 3rd party software [61] Yes [62] ?NoNo2.0+
Screen orientation lockYes [63] Yes [64] ?1.0.4+ [65] Yes2.0+
File manager 6.0+ [66] 11+ [67] 3rd party software [68] Yes [69] YesYes
File manager write access to external storage6+ Or 3rd party software like LineageOS 13+YesYesYesYes
Multi-user 4.2+, including phones 5+ [70] [71] 9.3+: Education use only on iPad [72] No3.4.0+NoYes
Guest mode5+ [73] 6+ [74] No3.4.0+NoYes
Guided AccessYes [75] Yes [76] NoNoNo3.0+ [77]
Do not disturb mode5+ [78] 6+ [79] NoNoNo2.0+
App groupsYes4+ [80] ?1.0.7+ [81] YesYes

Accessibility features

Accessibility features
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
System wide base text sizeYesYes [82] [83] [84] ?2.1.0+: Set text size [85] 3rd party software [86] Yes
Monaural outputYesYesNoNoNoYes
Always visible scrollbarNoNoNoNoNoNo
Reduced AnimationsYesYesNoNoNoYes

App ecosystem

App ecosystem
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Official app store Google Play App Store Tizen StoreJolla StoreOpenStore AppGallery
Non-discriminatory storesNo, Some apps like Ad blockers are censored on Google Play [87] [88] but developers can distribute apps from their own sourcesNo, Apple discriminates based on country [89] and own Apple policies [90] ?Openrepos. [91] Developers can distribute apps from their own sources, supports multiple app storesYesNo, Huawei discriminates based on country and own Huawei AppGallery policies for native based HarmonyOS apps. But OpenHarmony developers can distribute apps from their own sources [92]
Common APIs for smartphones, tablets, and PCsYes [93] Smartphone and tablet only [94] NoYesYesYes
Official SDK platform(s)Linux, macOS and Windows [95] macOS using iOS SDK Linux, Windows, macOS [96] Windows, macOS and Linux [97] YesmacOS and Windows [98]
Cost to develop for the mobile OSFreeNo, Requires Apple hardware. [99] FreeFreeFreeFree
Cost to publish app to official storeUS$25 once to register to offer on Google Play [100] US$99/yearFreeFree [101] FreeFree

Browser

Browser
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Default web browser/engine Blink WebKit WebKitGecko [102] Qt WebEngine (based on Blink) Blink

(Servo - OniroOS/OpenHarmony)

Major web browsers available [103] Chrome for Android, Opera, Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Samsung InternetSafari, Chrome for iOS, Opera, Firefox, Microsoft EdgeTizen Browser (Based on UC Browser)Sailfish Browser (Gecko), Webcat (WebKit), Web Pirate (WebKit), others via Android (Firefox, Chrome, Opera)Morph BrowserHuawei Browser, Microsoft Edge (Blink), UC Browser (Blink, V8), Opera browser (Blink, V8), Yandex Browser (Blink), Vivaldi Browser (Blink, V8)
Browser can use its own engineYes17.4+: Only users living in European Union countries [104] YesYesYesYes
Browser extensionsNo [105] 3rd party software [106] Yes on Safari [107] NoNoNoNo
Browser direct Internet connection (increased resilience to outages)YesYesYes??Yes
Browser undo close tab Google Chrome for Android [108] 8+ [109] NoNoNoNo [110]
Browser keeps windows open on shutdown or crash2.3+ Google Chrome [111] but not on the deprecated AOSP browser [112] YesNoYesYesYes
Browser keeps windows open when cleaning cookiesYes3rd party software [113] ?YesYesYes
Browser search engine optionsMany [114] Bing, Google, Yahoo! Search, DuckDuckGo, Ecosia Bing, Google, Yahoo! Search Bing, Google, Yahoo, Yandex. Baidu, DuckDuckGo, StartPage, Searx, ixquick, Swisscows, Qwant, Seznam, Hulbee via openrepos[ citation needed ] Baidu, Bing, DuckDuckGo, Ecosia, Google, lilo, Peekier, Qwant, Wikipedia, Yahoo [115] Bing, Google, Yahoo! Search, Baidu, DuckDuckGo
Browser find on page1.5+ [116] Yes [117] Yes1.1.2+ [118] YesYes
Browser–email save imagesYesYes [119] ?YesYesYes
Browser–email save PDFsYesYes [64] YesYesYesYes
Browser save audio/videoYes, but only links, not embedded media13+; [120]
5+: 3rd party software [121]
YesYesYesYes
Browser save pageYes, Google Chrome 55+ [122] 6+: Offline Reading List; [123] 3rd party software [124] Yes4.0.1.48+YesYes
Browser save any fileYes, Chrome for Android.13+; [120]
5+: When an app that can handle/open the filetype is installed (excluding audio/video – requires 3rd party software [125] ); [126]
?YesYesYes
Browser force enable zoomYes, Chrome for AndroidYes [127] ???No
Browser text reflow [128] No, removed on Android 4.4 [129] [130] 5+: Only on pages with reader mode available [131] [132] 3rd party browsers on prior versions [133] NoNoNoNo
Browser Reader ModeNo, [134] 3rd party software [135] [136] 5+ [131] [132] YesNo [137] NoNo
Browser open PDFs without storingNoYesNoNoNoNo
Browser file upload2.2+ [138] 9+;
6–8: Limited
Yes1.0.7+ [139] YesYes
Browser form navigationNext button [140] Previous, Next, AutoFill, and Done buttons [141] ???Yes
Browser private browsing mode3.0+ with AOSP browser [142] or with Chrome for Android5+ [143] Yes1.1.6+ [144] YesYes
Offline web appsYes [145] Yes [146] [147] [148] No?YesYes
HTTP Live Streaming 3+ [149] 3+ [150] No? [151] YesYes
WebRTC Yes [152] 11+ [153] NoNoYesYes

Basic features

Basic features
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Cut, copy, and paste Yes [154] 3+ [155] Yes [156] YesYesYes
Multi-Device clipboard ChromeOS [157] 10+ [158] NoNoNoYes
Undo No [159] 3+ [160] NoNo [161] YesYes [162]
Custom home and lock screen wallpaperYes4+ [64] YesYes (incl. Ambience)YesYes
Desktop syncNo, [163] but available using the vendor's companion/PC suite application such as Samsung Smart Switch & HTC Sense [164] YesYes?YesYes [165]
Local full backupYes, via external computer [166] Yes, using external computer or iCloud [167] No [168] YesYesYes, using external computer via HiSuite or Huawei Mobile Cloud [169]
Core data missing syncBookmarks [170] (before 4), SMSs and Settings [171] ???
Notification centerYes5+ [172] 2+ [173] YesYes2.0+
Push notificationsYes [174] Yes (Apple Push Notification Service)2+ [175] YesYesYes
Screenshot 4+ also available on earlier versions with customized firmware, such as Cyanogen Mod and on older Samsung Galaxy smartphones [176] Yes [64] [177] Yes2.0.2+ [178] YesYes
iCalendar importNo, [179] but 3rd party app available [180] Yes [181] ?1.1.6+ [182] NoYes
Text/document support (read only; creating using third-party apps)Microsoft Office, PDF, TXT/RTFMicrosoft Office, [183] [184] [185] iWork, PDF, Images, TXT/RTF, VCFRead only: text files, PDF, HTML, Multiple office formatsMicrosoft Office, OpenDocument, PDF, TextYesMicrosoft Office, WPS Office, Huawei Docs, PDF, Images, TXT/RTF, VCF and Multiple office formats
Printer support4.4+ using Google Cloud Print [186] but not over USB unless proprietary vendor solutions such as HP Print Service are used [187] Yes (AirPrint) [188] Noyes, cups package is available Beta Yes (Huawei Print, [189] AI Life [190] for HarmonyOS Connect Printers)
Show remembered Wi-Fi connectionsYes16+ [191] ?YesYesYes

Communication and connectivity

Communication and connectivity
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Unified InboxYes [192] YesYesYes?Yes
Email sync protocols supportedPOP3, IMAP, MAPI POP3, IMAP, MAPI, ActiveSync [193] POP3, IMAPPOP3, IMAP, ActiveSync? POP3, IMAP, MAPI
Non-carrier-based integrated messaging RCS via Google Messages 5+ (iMessage) [194] ?3rd party software3rd party software3rd party software
Visual voicemail 2.1+ [195] Yes???Yes
Call log durationYes [196] Yes [197] ?YesYesYes
Multiple mobile phones per contactYesYes?YesYesYes
Contact groups4+ [198] or 3rd party software [199] Via iCloud or 3rd party software [200] YesNo [201] ?Yes [202]
Voice over IP Yes (SIP) [203] or 3rd party software [204] FaceTime; 3rd party software [205] No [206] 3rd party software3rd party softwareMeeTime; 3rd party software [207]
NFC payment softwareAvailable on any device that supports the hardware. Google Wallet for NFC payments available in Play Store. [208]
3rd party banking and other apps in the financial field also supported. [209]
8+: iPhone 6/6 Plus and later (iPhone 5 and later if used with Apple Watch), limited to Apple Pay Samsung Pay NoNoHuawei Pay
TetheringMobile Wi-Fi Hotspot, USB, Bluetooth4.3+: Personal Hotspot (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, USB; carrier dependent)microUSB, Bluetooth 3.0, Mobile Wi-Fi HotspotMobile Wi-Fi Hotspot, USB, BluetoothMobile Wi-Fi HotspotMobile Wi-Fi Hotspot, USB, Bluetooth
USB On-The-Go 3.1+ [210] [211] 13+; [212]
9+: Only for connecting cameras
NoYesYesYes
Direct file transfer over Wi-Fi Direct 4+ [56] and selected devices. [213] [214] Also Quick Share.No, 3rd party software on jailbroken devicesNo, was available on bada 2+, [215] but removed on Tizen No [216] NoYes
DHCP v4YesYes???Yes
DHCP v6NoYes???No
Direct file transfer over Bluetooth 2+. [217] Also Quick Share. AirDrop:
7+: Between iOS only;
8+: Between Mac/iOS only. (Note: AirDrop utilizes Wi-Fi as well)
No, was available on bada, [218] but removed on Tizen Yes [219] but limited to images, videos and contactsNoHuawei Share
Direct file transfer over NFC No, removed since Android 10No2+ [215] NoNoNo

Language and inputs

Language and inputs
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Non-English languages supportPartial [220] Yes [221] [222] [223] Limited (Search is not diacritical mark-insensitive)YesYesYes
Underlining spell checker 2.3+ [224] [225] Yes [226] No?NoYes
Built-in system-wide dictionaryBuilt into keyboard app. Available on every device. [227] 5+ [228] NoYesYesNo
Autoexpanding text replacementsYes5+ [229] ???Yes
Keyboard next word predictionYes, through the built in Gboard [230] or from the preinstalled vendor keyboards; Available on all devices8+ [231] NoYesYesYes
Keyboard cursor controllerGoogle Keyboard; [232] [233] 12+; [234]
9-11: Only on devices with 3D Touch; [235]
NoNoYesNo
Optical character recognition input methodYes, through built-in Google Lens or Bixby Vision [236] 15+; [237]
11+: Notes app; [238]
8+: Only for inputting credit card details [239]
NoNoNoYes
Third party input methods Yes [240] 8+???Yes
Gesture text input4+ [241] 13+; [242]
8+: 3rd party software like SwiftKey
?No [243] NoYes
Emoji support4.4+ [244] Yes [245] ?2.2.0+ [246] 3rd party software [247] YesYes

Maps and navigation

Maps and navigation
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Safe driving mode3rd party software11+ [248] ???2.0+ [249]
Turn-by-turn navigation 2+ [250] 6+ [251] ?Yes3rd party softwareYes [252]
Offline maps3rd party software Google Maps, [253] Here WeGo 6+ [254] ?3rd party software3rd party softwareYes [255]
Alternative routes in mapsYes [256] 5+ [257] [258] ?3rd party software3rd party softwareYes

Media playback and controls

Media playback and controls
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Audio playbackAAC LC/LTP 3GPP, HE-AACv1 (AAC+), HE-AACv2 (enhanced AAC+) AMR-NB, AMR-WB, MP3, MIDI (Type 0 and 1, DLS versions 1 and 2), Ogg Vorbis, PCM/WAVE, FLAC, WAVE, Opus [259] AAC, protected AAC (from iTunes Store), HE-AAC, MP3, MP3 VBR, Audible (formats 2, 3, 4, Audible Enhanced Audio, AAX, and AAX+), Apple Lossless, AIFF, WAV [260] AAC, AAC+, eAAC+, AMR-NB, AMR-WB, MP3, Vorbis, WAV [261] MP3, FLAC, AAC, eAAC, eAAC+, ALAC, AC3, DTS, Opus, Vorbis?AAC LC/LTP 3GPP, HE-AACv1 (AAC+), HE-AACv2 (enhanced AAC+) AMR-NB, AMR-WB, MP3, MIDI (Type 0 and 1, DLS versions 1 and 2), Ogg Vorbis, PCM/WAVE, FLAC, WAVE, Opus
Video playback H.263, H.264 (up to Baseline Profile), H.265 HEVC, MPEG-4 SP, DivX, XviD, VP8, VP9 [259] (WMV on 3rd party software like VLC media player) H.264 (up to High Profile), MPEG-4, M-JPEG [260] H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 Part 2 [261] MPEG-4, H264, H263, [262] although audio in recorded videos is out of sync [263] ? H.263, H.264 (up to Baseline Profile), H.265 HEVC, MPEG-4 SP, DivX, XviD, VP8, VP9 [259] (WMV on 3rd party software like VLC media player)
Wired video out4K on 6+ [264] Up to 1080p via HDMI [265] or VGA, [266] 576p/480p via component [267] or composite; [268] NoNo [269] Yes
Wired digital audio output5+ USB Audio [270] 7+: USB Audio [271] NoNoYesYes up to 4K
Wireless video/audio streaming to set top boxes/TVs/speakers4.2+ Miracast, [272] but DLNA [273] only available on selected devices AirPlay [274] DLNA [275] ?YesYes on Wireless Projection with Miracast
Media player on-device playlist creationYes [276] Yes [64] ?YesYesYes
Media player video scrubbingYesYes???Yes
Media player audio scrubbingYesYes???Yes
Media player fine scrubbingNo, [277] 3rd party software like VLC media player, basic fine scrubbing removed on 4+ [278] Yes [279] ???Yes
Media player double speed playing6+ [280] Only Podcasts [281] ???Yes

Peripheral support

Peripheral support
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Bluetooth keyboard2.3+; [282] previous versions via 3rd party software [283] Yes [284] NoYes [285] [286] YesYes
USB keyboard3.1+ [282] With Camera Connection Kit [287] NoYesYesYes
Interchangeable external memory cardsYes [288] Only for photo/video import with an optional accessoryYes [289] YesYesYes

Photo and video

Photo and video
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Camera focus at specified point2.3+ [290] Yes [64] ?1.0.4+ [291] YesYes
Camera exposure metering from specified pointNo, [292] available on some phones. [293] [294] Yes [295] No?NoYes
On device picture info (including Exif data)Only date and location; more with 3rd party software [296] Yes (15+);previous versions date and location only; more with 3rd party softwareNo?YesYes
On device picture categorizationNo [297] 3rd party software like TouchWiz [298] 5+ [299] No?NoYes
On device picture description and searchNo [300] 10+: Items/objects in picture; [301]
7+: Only date and location [302]
No?NoYes
Turn off shutter soundIn silent mode [303] In silent mode [304] In silent modeIn silent mode [305] NoYes
Picture cropYes5+ [306] NoYesYesYes
Photo rotationYes5+ [306] NoYesYesYes
Photo red-eye reduction2.3+ [307] 5+ [306] NoNo [308] NoYes
HDR photos option4.2+, some manufacturers earlier [309] Yes [310] NoNo [311] YesYes
Photo/video import from memory cardsYesWith Camera Connection Kit [287] YesYesYesYes
Video trim2.3+YesNo?NoYes

Productivity

Productivity
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Multitasking Yes7+; [312]
4–6: Limited [313]
2+ [175] YesYesYes
Quick app switching7+ [314] 9+: via 3D Touch; [315]
5+: only on iPad [316]
NoNoYesYes
Document-centric multitasking5+ [317] 13+: can open different views of same app side by side [318] NoNoNo2.0+
Split-screen app usage7+, some manufacturers earlier [319] 9+: only on iPad with 2 GB RAM or more [320] Yes [321] No [322] Tablet-only2.0+
Desktop interactive widgetsYes10+: App icons via 3D Touch and/or dedicated widget screen [323] NoYesNo2.0+
Lock screen widgetsYes (Notifications and settings). Full Widgets on Android 4.2–4.4 only. [324] [325] Media player, voicemail, camera; [326]
5+: Notifications;
7+: Control Center
8+: Interactive Notifications [327]
10+: Full widgets [323]
Media player; Notifications (SMS, call)YesNo2.0+ Yes & Quick service widgets
Notification view widgets4.1+: Google Now and possible with 3rd party apps8+NoYesNo4.0+ Live Window widgets
Quick settings toggles2+ [328] 7+ [329] NoVia the Patchmanager app [330] YesYes
Search multiple internal apps at onceYesYesYesNo [331] YesYes
Settings search5+ or 3rd party software like LineageOS [332] 9+ [333] NoNoYesYes
Search all fields of internal objectsOnly search Contacts name field but not any other field [334] 6+ [335] Only searches contacts by name?Yes
Core apps missing searchCalendar [337] (available since 3+ and HTC Sense)Bookmarks [338] ???Yes
Phone number links to dialerAvailable in stock Android, but not all devices enable it. [339] YesYes, but not in browserYesYesYes
Addresses links to mapsIn Contacts, but not in Calendar [340] nor in Gmail [341] Yes [342] ?Yes?Yes
Dates links to calendarNoYes [343] YesYes?Yes

Ringtones and alerts

Ringtones and alerts
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Custom ringtonesYesYes [344] YesYesYesYes
Custom SMS/MMS tonesYes [345] 5+ [346] ?YesNoYes
Custom vibrate alert patternsNo, [347] possible on some Samsung devices such as Galaxy S III, but limited [348] 5+ [349] [350] ?API available for 3rd party appsNoNo
Dismiss repeating alarm clock before trigger4.4+ [351] No [352] No?YesYes
Tap to snooze [353] 3rd party apps [354] YesNoSwipe downYesYes

Security and privacy

Security and privacy
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Proxy server 3.1+ [355] but only global, not per connection [356] and only works for the browser [357] 3rd party apps available [358] YesYesYes [359] NoOnly 3rd party apps and Browser
On-device encryption 3+ [360] but insecure on Qualcomm devices [361] Yes [362] (3rd party software may attempt brute-force attacks on password [363] )No3.3.0+ [364] NoYes
External storage encryption6+External storage not availableNoYesNo2.0+
Zero knowledge encryption [365] No, data is accessible by Google [366] and shared with the American PRISM surveillance program. [367] Some data stored on iCloud is accessible by Apple [368] [369] [370] [371] [372] [373] and shared with the American PRISM surveillance program. [367] ??NoNo, data stored on Huawei Mobile Cloud is accessible by Huawei but not shared with the American PRISM surveillance program unlike Google and Apple. [374] [375]
Privacy of synchronization [376] 3rd party software like ownCloud [377] When synchronizing locally and not using iCloud ???When synchronizing locally via HiSuite and not using Huawei Mobile Cloud
Sync to cloud communication encryption2.3.4+ [378] Yes [379] ???Yes with Smart Syncing that uses irreversible encryption [380]
Wireless anti-tracking [381] Developer Options (9+) [382] 8+ [383] No?NoYes
Remote device location trackingYes [384] Yes [385] ??NoYes
Remote device locking and/or data wipe2.2+ [386] Yes [385] ??NoYes
End-to-end encrypted push notificationsPossible, notifications are handled by the app that can decrypt it [174] Possible since iOS 7, where the app can handle the notification and decrypt it [387] ??YesPossible, notifications are handled by the app that can decrypt it
SSH Client YesYes [388] [389] ?YesYesYes
VPN Yes [390] Yes [391] ?YesYesYes
OpenVPN No, but possible with 3rd party firmware [392] Yes [393] ?YesYes[ citation needed ]No, but possible with 3rd party apps
WPA PEAP Yes [394] Yes [395] ?In developer mode [396] Yes[ citation needed ]Yes

Sound and voice

Sound and voice
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Separate volume for ringtone and mediaYesYes?YesYesYes
Voice commandsYes [397] 5+ (Siri)?3rd party software, such as Saera [398] NoYes
Offline voice commands6+ [399] Yes [400] ?NoNoYes
Voice recognitionYes5+ (Siri)?NoNoYes
Offline voice recognition4.1+ [401] 15+; [402] NoNoNoYes
Non-English voice recognitionYesYes [223] ?NoNoYes
Sound recorderVery limited (Does not work in background [403] and not voice controlled)3+: Limited (Not voice controlled) [404] [405] Partial3rd party software [406] 3rd party softwareYes
Call recorderYes, Phone by Google, [407] but also possible with 3rd party firmware [408] Yes, integrated in the Phone app, [409] but also possible with 3rd party software [410] NoDisabled by default, must be interactively switched on during a call when enabled / 3rd party software [411] ?Yes
Sound trimNo, [412] but 3rd party software available [413] Yes [414] ???Yes

Other features

Other features
Feature Android iOS Tizen Sailfish OS Ubuntu Touch HarmonyOS
Non-intrusive incoming calls5+ [415] or 3rd party software [416] 14+ [417] NoNo [418] ?Yes
Non-intrusive notificationsYes [419] 5+ [172] ???Yes
Move apps to external storage2.2+ [420] External storage not allowed for appsNoNoNoNo
Remote Frame Buffer (RFB) protocol Yes [421] 3rd party software [422] ???3rd party software
Screencast on device11+ [423] 9+ [424] NoNoYesYes
Screencast over USB4.4+ over USB, [186] for prior versions root required for 3rd party app [425] 8+: on OS X [426] No?NoYes
Screen shareOn select devices using vendor's implementation [427] [428] [429] 3rd party software [430] NoNoNoYes

See also

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This is a comparison of the various internal components and features of many smartphones.

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Apache Cordova is a mobile application development framework created by Nitobi. Adobe Systems purchased Nitobi in 2011, rebranded it as PhoneGap, and later released an open-source version of the software called Apache Cordova. Apache Cordova enables software programmers to build hybrid web applications for mobile devices using CSS3, HTML5, and JavaScript, instead of relying on platform-specific APIs like those in Android, iOS, or Windows Phone. It enables the wrapping up of CSS, HTML, and JavaScript code depending on the platform of the device. It extends the features of HTML and JavaScript to work with the device. The resulting applications are hybrid, meaning that they are neither truly native mobile application nor purely Web-based. They are not native because all layout rendering is done via Web views instead of the platform's native UI framework. They are not Web apps because they are packaged as apps for distribution and have access to native device APIs. Mixing native and hybrid code snippets has been possible since version 1.9.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scoreloop</span>

Scoreloop, a subsidiary of BlackBerry, was a cross-platform social gaming network for the operating systems including BlackBerry, Android, Bada, iOS and Windows Phone 7.

Rooting is the process by which users of Android devices can attain privileged control over various subsystems of the device, usually smartphones and tablets. Because Android is based on a modified version of the Linux kernel, rooting an Android device gives similar access to administrative (superuser) permissions as on Linux or any other Unix-like operating system such as FreeBSD or macOS.

Submissions for mobile apps for iOS are subject to approval by Apple's App Review team, as outlined in the SDK agreement, for basic reliability testing and other analysis, before being published on the App Store. Applications may still be distributed ad hoc if they are rejected, by the author manually submitting a request to Apple to license the application to individual iPhones, although Apple may withdraw the ability for authors to do this at a later date.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amazon Appstore</span> App store by Amazon

Amazon Appstore is an app store for Android-compatible platforms operated by Amazon.com Services, LLC, a subsidiary of Amazon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dolphin Browser</span> Web browser for Android and iOS

The Dolphin Browser is a web browser for the Android and iOS operating systems developed by MoboTap Inc. It was one of the first alternative browsers for the Android platform that introduced support for multi-touch gestures. Dolphin Browser uses its native platform's default browser engine.

An app store, also called an app marketplace or app catalog, is a type of digital distribution platform for computer software called applications, often in a mobile context. Apps provide a specific set of functions which, by definition, do not include the running of the computer itself. Complex software designed for use on a personal computer, for example, may have a related app designed for use on a mobile device. Today apps are normally designed to run on a specific operating system—such as the contemporary iOS, macOS, Windows, Linux or Android—but in the past mobile carriers had their own portals for apps and related media content.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BlackBerry 10</span> Proprietary mobile operating system

BlackBerry 10 (BB10) is a proprietary mobile operating system for the BlackBerry line of smartphones, both developed by BlackBerry Limited. Released in January 2013, BlackBerry 10 is a complete rework from the company's previous BlackBerry OS software.

A mobile application or app is a computer program or software application designed to run on a mobile device such as a phone, tablet, or watch. Mobile applications often stand in contrast to desktop applications which are designed to run on desktop computers, and web applications which run in mobile web browsers rather than directly on the mobile device.

Payanywhere is a payments platform and app that allows merchants in the United States to accept credit and debit card payments while building customer relationships in-store, online, or on the go. Merchants may accept payments on their smartphone via a Bluetooth card reader or on an in-store “Storefront” solution featuring a tablet and stand, which was introduced on April 8, 2014. PayAnywhere offers credit card readers and apps that are compatible with both Apple and Android devices.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wear OS</span> Smartwatch operating system by Google

Wear OS is a closed-source Android distribution designed for smartwatches and other wearable computers, developed by Google. WearOS is designed to pair with mobile phones running Android or iOS, providing mobile notifications into a smartwatch form factor and integration with the Google Assistant technology.

HarmonyOS (HMOS) is a distributed operating system developed by Huawei for smartphones, tablets, smart TVs, smart watches, personal computers and other smart devices. It has a microkernel design with single framework: the operating system selects suitable kernels from the abstraction layer in the case of devices that use diverse resources.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exposure Notification</span> Initiative for mobile device-based privacy-preserving contact tracing

The (Google/Apple) Exposure Notification System (GAEN) is a framework and protocol specification developed by Apple Inc. and Google to facilitate digital contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic. When used by health authorities, it augments more traditional contact tracing techniques by automatically logging close approaches among notification system users using Android or iOS smartphones. Exposure Notification is a decentralized reporting protocol built on a combination of Bluetooth Low Energy technology and privacy-preserving cryptography. It is an opt-in feature within COVID-19 apps developed and published by authorized health authorities. Unveiled on April 10, 2020, it was made available on iOS on May 20, 2020 as part of the iOS 13.5 update and on December 14, 2020 as part of the iOS 12.5 update for older iPhones. On Android, it was added to devices via a Google Play Services update, supporting all versions since Android Marshmallow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Huawei Mobile Services</span> Proprietary software service

Huawei Mobile Services (HMS) is a collection of proprietary services and high level application programming interfaces (APIs) developed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Its hub known as HMS Core serves as a toolkit for app development on Huawei devices. HMS is typically installed on Huawei devices on top of running HarmonyOS operating system, and on its earlier devices running the Android operating system with EMUI including devices already distributed with Google Mobile Services. Alongside, HMS Core Wear Engine for Android phones with lightweight based LiteOS wearable middleware app framework integration connectivity like notifications, status etc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bootloader unlocking</span> Process of disabling secure device booting

Bootloader unlocking is the process of disabling the bootloader security that makes secure boot possible. It can make advanced customizations possible, such as installing custom firmware. On smartphones, this can be a custom Android distribution or another mobile operating system. Some bootloaders are not locked at all and some are locked, but can be unlocked with a command or with assistance from the manufacturer. Some do not include an unlocking method and can only be unlocked through a software exploit.

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