List of open-source mobile phones

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Mobile/desktop convergence: the Librem 5 open-source mobile, when connected to a keyboard, screen, and mouse, runs as a desktop computer. Librem5 phone convergence - screen keyboard mouse.jpg
Mobile/desktop convergence: the Librem 5 open-source mobile, when connected to a keyboard, screen, and mouse, runs as a desktop computer.

This is a list of mobile phones with open-source operating systems.

Contents

Scope of the list

Phones sold with Ubuntu Touch Ubuntu Phone 3 devices.png
Phones sold with Ubuntu Touch

Cellular modem and other firmware

Pyra-Render-frontside-new.png
Pyra-Render-side-with-Ports-new.png
4 USB ports, headphone jack, MicroHDMI
The Dragonbox Pyra contains only one proprietary blob (GPU driver), but the Mobile (phone) Edition has more

Some hardware components used in phones require drivers (or firmware) to run. For many components, only proprietary drivers are available [1] (open source phones usually seek components with open drivers.[ citation needed ]) If firmware is not updatable and does not have control over any other part of the phone, it might be considered equivalent to part of the hardware. However, these conditions do not hold for cellular modems. [1]

As of 2019, all available mobile phones have a proprietary baseband chip (GSM module, cellular modem), [2] [3] [4] except for the Necuno, which has no such chip and communicates by peer-to-peer VOIP. [5] [6] The modem is usually integrated with the system-on-a-chip and the memory. [4] This presents security concerns; baseband attacks can read and alter data on the phone remotely.

The Librem 5 mobile segregates the modem from the system and memory, making it a separate module, a configuration rare in modern cellphones. [3] [4] There is an open-source baseband project, OsmocomBB.

Operating system: middleware and user interface

Family tree of Maemo Mer and mobile operating systems.svg
Family tree of Maemo

Generally, the phones included on this list contain copyleft software other than the Linux kernel, and minimal closed-source component drivers (see section above).

Note that it is often possible to install a wide variety of open-source operating systems on any open-source phone; the higher-level software is designed to be largely interchangeable and independent of the hardware. [16]

There are also an increasing number of phones that come with a proprietary operating system pre-installed (usually Android), but allow the user to install mainline Linux (such as the Fairphone 5 and SHIFTphone 8). These are listed under #Devices with 3rd party support.

Devices with formal support

These are mobiles that can be ordered with the open-source software pre-installed. Some also have an option where they can be ordered with proprietary OS pre-installed.

Volla Phone X23Hallo Welt Systeme UGVolla OS (based on Android Open Source Project), Ubuntu Touch, multiboot option [17] YesMay 2023 [17] Shipping€564
Mudita PureMudita [18] MuditaOS (GPLv3, based on FreeRTOS) [19] Yes2022shipping used handsets [20] $370 ($310 used from manufacturer)
uConsole (mobile option)ClockworkPiDebian, Ubuntu, or Raspberry Pi OS; [21] Debian-based Clockwork OS, [22] OS can be swapped by swapping an SD card [23] Yes2022Shipping [24] $139-$209 (1-6 CPU cores, 1-4 GB RAM), +$50 for mobile extension [25] [26] [27]
Volla Phone 22Hallo Welt Systeme UGVolla OS (based on Android Open Source Project), Ubuntu Touch, Droidian [28] Yes2022 [29] Shipping€452
PinePhone Pro [30] Pine64 Manjaro Linux with KDE's Plasma Mobile by default; [31] Yes. 20+ other (mostly Linux) operating systems can be swapped [32] by swapping an SD card. [33] 2021-12 [34] Shipping$399
F(x)tec Pro1 X [35] FX Technology Limited. Ubuntu Touch, Droidian, LineageOS or Android  ?2022-07 [36] shipping [36] $899
Volla Phone XHallo Welt Systeme UGVolla OS (based on Android Open Source Project), Ubuntu Touch [37] Yes2021 [38] Shipping
Fairphone 4 Fairphone /e/OS, CalyxOS, DivestOS, IodéOS, LineageOS, postmarketOS, Ubuntu Touch [39] 2020 4QShipping€529
DragonBox Pyra Mobile Edition [40] OpenPandora GmbH [41] Debian [40] Yes2020-12 (started shipping pre-orders)shipping pre-ordered backlog [42] €600/€626 (2/4 GB RAM)
Volla Phone [43] Hallo Welt Systeme UGVolla OS (based on Android Open Source Project), Ubuntu Touch, Droidian or Sailfish OS Yes2020-11Shipping
Fairphone 3+ Fairphone /e/OS, DivestOS, LineageOS, Ubuntu Touch [39] 2020 3Qsale discontinued, but supported
Librem 5 [44] Purism PureOS, a Debian derivative developed by Purism for their mobilesPureOS has a lifetime support guarantee2019-11 [45] [46] Shipping [47]
PinePhone [48] Pine64 Beta "Braveheart" Edition had a choice of user-installed OS; [49] Later "Community Editions" sold from June 15, 2020 to February 2, 2021, each of which donated $10/phone to the developer community that wrote the OS it shipped with. [50] [51] [52] Subsequently, Pinephones all shipped with Manjaro and Plasma Mobile.Yes. Twenty-odd different operating systems [51] can be user-installed as of March 2021; OS can be swapped by swapping out an SD card.2019-11Shipping$199
Fairphone 3 Fairphone /e/OS, DivestOS, LineageOS, Ubuntu Touch [39] 2019 3Qsale discontinued, but supported
Gemini PDA Planet Computers Android, Debian, Sailfish OS 2018Discontinued
GTA04 based motherboard, fitting inside the shell of a Nokia N900.Neo900 QtMoko, Debian, SHR (Stable Hybrid Release), Replicant 2018-03 (last updated)Stalled [53]
Pop Mirage Cyanogen Alcatel Mobile CyanogenMod [54] Discontinued01-11-2016Discontinued
Meizu PRO 5 Ubuntu Edition Meizu Ubuntu Touch UBports, community-driven [55] 2016-02Discontinued [56]
Zuk Z1 Lenovo CyanogenMod [57] Discontinued2015Discontinued
Andromax QSmartfen CyanogenMod [58] Discontinued2015Discontinued
Fairphone 2 Fairphone Fairphone Open OS, /e/OS, LineageOS, Ubuntu Touch [39] 2015 3Qsale discontinued, but supported
Meizu MX4 Ubuntu Edition Meizu Ubuntu Touch UBports, community-driven [55] 2015-07Discontinued [56]
BQ Aquaris E5 HD Ubuntu Edition BQ Ubuntu Touch UBports, community-driven [55] 2015-06Discontinued
BQ Aquaris E4.5 Ubuntu Edition BQ Ubuntu Touch UBports, community-driven [55] 2015-02Discontinued
BQ Aquaris X5 Cyanogen Edition BQ CyanogenMod, [59] postmarketOS [60] postmarketOS, community driven2015Discontinued
Wileyfox Storm Wileyfox CyanogenMod [61] Discontinued2015Discontinued
Wileyfox Swift Wileyfox CyanogenMod [62] postmarketOS [63] postmarketOS, community-driven2015Discontinued
YU Yureka
YU Yureka Plus		 YU Televentures (Micromax Informatics) CyanogenMod [64] Discontinued2015Discontinued
YU Yuphoria YU Televentures (Micromax Informatics) CyanogenMod [65] Discontinued2015Discontinued
OnePlus One OnePlus CyanogenMod [66] Discontinued2014Discontinued
GeeksPhone Revolution GeeksPhone Firefox OS Discontinued; formerly developed by the Mozilla Foundation under the Mozilla Public License, later proprietized as KaiOS 2014Discontinued
GeeksPhone Peak+ GeeksPhone Firefox OS Discontinued; formerly developed by the Mozilla Foundation under the Mozilla Public License, later proprietized as KaiOS 2013-11 (cancellation) [67] Cancelled [67] Devices with 3rd party support
Alcatel One Touch Fire Alcatel Firefox OS Discontinued; formerly developed by the Mozilla Foundation under the Mozilla Public License, later proprietized as KaiOS 2013-07Discontinued
ZTE Open ZTE Firefox OS Discontinued; formerly developed by the Mozilla Foundation under the Mozilla Public License, later proprietized as KaiOS 2013-07Discontinued
GeeksPhone Keon GeeksPhone Firefox OS Discontinued; formerly developed by the Mozilla Foundation under the Mozilla Public License, later proprietized as KaiOS 2013-04-23Discontinued
GeeksPhone Peak GeeksPhone Firefox OS Discontinued; formerly developed by the Mozilla Foundation under the Mozilla Public License, later proprietized as KaiOS 2013-04-23Discontinued
GTA04 Golden Delicious QtMoko, Debian, SHR (Stable Hybrid Release), Replicant 2012-04"Currently not in stock"
Developer phoneAava mobile MeeGo Discontinued2011Discontinued (was available to developers only) [68]
N950 Nokia MeeGo 1.2 Harmattan Discontinued; formerly hosted by the Linux Foundation 2011Discontinued (available to developers only)
N9 Nokia MeeGo 1.2 Harmattan Discontinued; formerly hosted by the Linux Foundation 2011Discontinued
N900 Nokia Maemo 5 (Fremantle)
(some proprietary components until Maemo Leste)		Discontinued2009-11-11Discontinued
Neo FreeRunner (code name GTA02)OpenMoko Openmoko/QTMoko Linux, Debian, SHR (Stable Hybrid Release), Gentoo (all Linux-based), Inferno[ clarification needed ][ citation needed ]2008-06-24Discontinued
Neo 1973 (code name GTA01) OpenMoko Openmoko Linux (Linux-based)2007-07-09Discontinued
Eten G500 [69] E-TEN GPE Palmtop Environment 2006Discontinued, developer phone
Greenphone [70] Trolltech Qtopia 2006Discontinued, developer phone

Devices with 3rd party support

ModelOrganization Mobile operating system Operating system supportDate released
(or cancelled)		Current stateList Price
SHIFT6mq SHIFT Shift-OS (Android), postmarketOS [71] partial mainline Linux support2021shipping[ citation needed ]
SHIFTphone 8 Shiftphone Preinstalled with ShiftOS (Android 14), but with mainline Linux support, allowing the operating system to be replaced by the enduser. [72] Yes2024 or later [72] pre-order€599 [72]
Fairphone 5 Fairphone Preinstalled with Fairphone OS (Android, not open-source), but user can replace it with CalyxOS, /e/OS (Murena), iodéOS, postmarketOS [73] Yes2023 [74] Shipping€699
XFone Mobile Pro
(re-launched Xiaomi Redmi Note 8 Pro with Ubuntu Touch)		SageTea Ubuntu Touch UBports, community-driven [55] 2022-01-19 (originally 2019)Shipping
XFone Mobile
(re-launched Google Pixel 3a with Ubuntu Touch)		SageTea Ubuntu Touch UBports, community-driven [55] 2021-06-19 (originally 2019)Shipping
OnePlus 6, OnePlus 6T OnePlus multiplepartial mainline Linux support [75] [76] 2018-05-21Discontinued, used market
Pocophone F1 Xiaomi multiplepartial mainline Linux support [77] 2018-08-22Discontinued, used markets
Snapdragon 410/412 based phonesmultiplepostmarketOSpartial mainline Linux support [78] Discontinued

Distributions for existing phones

KDE Plasma Mobile running on postmarketOS on the Nexus 5 Plasma-mobile-hammerhead 01.jpg
KDE Plasma Mobile running on postmarketOS on the Nexus 5

postmarketOS, Ubports, and KDE Neon are open-source distributions running on existing smartphones originally running Android. Maemo Leste is available for Nokia N900 and Motorola Droid 4.

There exists a database listing which older phones will run which open-source operating systems. [79] [80]

Custom-made phones

A CircuitMess Ringo phone, running a video game. CircuitMess (Anarch).jpg
A CircuitMess Ringo phone, running a video game.

It is possible to home-build a phone from partially open hardware and software. [81] [82] The Arduinophone [82] (touchscreen) and the MIT DIY Cellphone (segmented display) [83] [84] both use the Arduino open-hardware single-board computer, with added components. Circuitmess Ringo (previously MakerPhone) is another DIY Arduino phone with open source firmware [85] and available schematics, [86] focusing on education. The PiPhone, [87] ZeroPhone [88] and OURphone [89] are similar, but based on the Raspberry Pi.

The main components to make an open mobile phone are:

Another notable mention would be Paxo Phone at paxo.fr

See also

Related Research Articles

A mobile operating system is an operating system used for smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, smartglasses, or other non-laptop personal mobile computing devices. While computers such as typical/mobile laptops are "mobile", the operating systems used on them are usually not considered mobile, as they were originally designed for desktop computers that historically did not have or need specific mobile features. This "fine line" distinguishing mobile and other forms has become blurred in recent years, due to the fact that newer devices have become smaller and more mobile, unlike the hardware of the past. Key notabilities blurring this line are the introduction of tablet computers, light laptops, and the hybridization of the two in 2-in-1 PCs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Replicant (operating system)</span> Free software version of Android

Replicant is a free and open-source Android-based operating system that intends to replace all proprietary Android components with free-software counterparts. It is available for several smartphones and tablets. Replicant's modifications are mostly in the C programming language, and its changes are mostly to the lower-level parts of the OS, such as the Linux kernel and drivers that use it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sailfish OS</span> Mobile operating system

Sailfish OS is a paid Linux-based operating system based on free software, and open source projects such as Mer as well as including a closed source UI. The project is being developed by the Finnish company Jolla.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ubuntu Touch</span> Mobile interface for Ubuntu developed by UBports

Ubuntu Touch is a mobile version of the Ubuntu operating system, developed by the UBports community. Its user interface is written in Qt, and is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. However, the original goal of convergence was intended to bring Ubuntu Touch to laptops, desktops, IOT devices and TVs for a complete unified user experience.

Besides the Linux distributions designed for general-purpose use on desktops and servers, distributions may be specialized for different purposes including computer architecture support, embedded systems, stability, security, localization to a specific region or language, targeting of specific user groups, support for real-time applications, or commitment to a given desktop environment. Furthermore, some distributions deliberately include only free software. As of 2015, over four hundred Linux distributions are actively developed, with about a dozen distributions being most popular for general-purpose use.

Linux for mobile devices, sometimes referred to as mobile Linux, is the usage of Linux-based operating systems on portable devices, whose primary or only Human interface device (HID) is a touchscreen. It mainly comprises smartphones and tablet computers, but also some mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) portable media players that come with a touchscreen separately.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Librem</span> Computer line by Purism featuring free software

Librem is a line of computers manufactured by Purism, SPC featuring free (libre) software. The laptop line is designed to protect privacy and freedom by providing no non-free (proprietary) software in the operating system or kernel, avoiding the Intel Active Management Technology, and gradually freeing and securing firmware. Librem laptops feature hardware kill switches for the microphone, webcam, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.

Pine Store Limited, doing business as Pine64, is a Hong Kong–based organization that designs, manufactures, and sells single-board computers, notebook computers, as well as smartwatch/smartphones. Its name was inspired by the mathematical constants π and e with a reference to 64-bit computing power.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Purism (company)</span> Computer manufacturer focusing on software freedom

Purism, SPC is an American computer technology corporation based in San Francisco, California and registered in the state of Washington.

postmarketOS Free and open-source operating system for smartphones, based on Alpine Linux

postmarketOS is an operating system primarily for smartphones, based on the Alpine Linux distribution.

/e/ is a fork of LineageOS, an Android-based mobile operating system, and associated online services. /e/ is presented as privacy software that does not contain proprietary Google apps or services, and challenges the public to "find any parts of the system or default applications that are still leaking data to Google."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phosh</span> Graphical interface for mobile devices

Phosh is a graphical user interface designed for mobile and touch-based devices initially developed by Purism. The project is maintained and developed by a diverse community and the default shell used on several mobile Linux operating systems including PureOS, Mobian and Fedora Phosh. It is also an option on postmarketOS, Manjaro, and openSUSE. Its components follow a six-week release cycle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Librem 5</span> Linux-based 2020 Smartphone

The Librem 5 is a smartphone manufactured by Purism that is part of their Librem line of products. The phone is designed with the goal of using free software whenever possible and includes PureOS, a Linux operating system, by default. Like other Librem products, the Librem 5 focuses on privacy and freedom and includes features like hardware kill switches and easily-replaceable components. Its name, with a numerical "5", refers to its screen size, not a release version. After an announcement on 24 August 2017, the distribution of developer kits and limited pre-release models occurred throughout 2019 and most of 2020. The first mass-production version of the Librem 5 was shipped on 18 November 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PinePhone</span> Smartphone with Linux-based mobile operating system

The PinePhone is a smartphone developed by Hong Kong–based computer manufacturer Pine64, designed to provide users with full control over the device. This is achieved through the utilization of mainline Linux-based mobile operating systems, assembly of the phone using screws, and facilitating simplified disassembly for repairs and upgrades. The 2G-4GLTE modem, GPS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and both cameras can be physically switched off. The PinePhone ships with the Manjaro Linux operating system using the Plasma Mobile graphic interface, although other distributions can be installed by users.

The Necuno is a phone-like mobile device exclusively manufactured in Finland. The device is designed with a focus on enhancing security and user privacy by omitting the cellular modem, which prevents its use on conventional mobile phone networks. Instead it offers VOIP via a peer-to-peer encrypted communication platform called Ciphra. Standard cellular connectivity is planned for later versions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PineTab</span> Tablet intended for open-source software

The PineTab is a low-cost tablet developed by Hong Kong–based computer manufacturer Pine64. The PineTab was announced in May 2020, with shipping beginning in September 2020. It is based on the platform of the existing Pine A64 single board computer, with the platform being used in related devices, such as the Pinebook and PinePhone.

The scope for this page is that used for list of open-source mobile phones.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plasma Mobile</span> Plasma workspace variant for smartphones

Plasma Mobile is a Plasma variant for smartphones. It is currently available for the Pinephone, and supported devices for postmarketOS such as the OnePlus 6.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PinePhone Pro</span> Smartphone with Linux-based mobile operating system

The PinePhone Pro is a smartphone developed by Hong Kong–based computer manufacturer Pine64. The phone is the successor to the PinePhone released in 2019. The default operating system is Sailfish OS. The device is a developer platform with open hardware specifications but with unfinished software. The target group of the device is free and open-source software developers who will develop the software. The device was first shipped to developers in December 2021, and in February 2022 devices were made available to consumers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mobian</span> Linux distribution

Mobian is a project to port the Debian GNU/Linux distribution running the mainline Linux kernel to smartphones and tablets. The project was announced in 2020. It is available for the PinePhone, PineTab, Librem 5, OnePlus 6/6T and Pocophone F1.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Stallman, Richard (19 September 2011). "Is Android really free software? – Google's smartphone code is often described as 'open' or 'free' – but when examined by the Free Software Foundation, it starts to look like something different". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 September 2012. the software of Android versions 1 and 2 was mostly developed by Google; Google released it under the Apache 2.0 license, which is a lax free software license without copyleft. ... The version of Linux included in Android is not entirely free software, since it contains non-free "binary blobs"... Android is very different from the GNU/Linux operating system because it contains very little of GNU.
  2. ↑ Welte, Harald (5 February 2010). "OsmocomBB Project Rationale" . Retrieved 26 September 2013. Every mobile device that is connected to a cellular network runs some kind of baseband processor with highly proprietary and closed-source firmware.
  3. 1 2 Amadeo, Ron (26 September 2019). "Purism's Librem 5 phone starts shipping—a fully open GNU/Linux phone". Ars Technica . Retrieved 8 October 2019. Purism actually couldn't find an open provider for the cellular modem, so the best it could do was isolate it from the rest of the system in an M.2 slot.
  4. 1 2 3 FaerberCTO, Nicole (4 September 2018). "Progress update from the Librem 5 hardware department". Purism. The cellular modem is arguably the most complex part of a mobile phone. The modem is the component that has to implement all the familiar protocols you would associate with a phone (like 2G, 3G, 4G and the upcoming 5G). It does so by running its own proprietary black box operating system. The cellular modem is also covered by thousands of patents held by hundreds of patent owners. Now imagine this… This cellular modem sits right on the same RAM bus as the SoC! Non-free software not only has access to the data flowing to and from the SoC, but also has the ability to modify it. Because this modem operating system is a propreitary black box, we have no idea what this component does or what kind of vulnerabilities it has... The situation is further complicated by the fact that during our research into cellular modems, we realized that there are only a handful of silicon vendors in the world that make these chipsets and nearly all of them integrate their model with the SoC on the same bus. In addition, you historically need to acquire a license to run the proprietary firmware to power the modem on SoCs.. This left us with only one choice: to use ready-made modem "modules" and our own layout that isolates the modem from the SoC. There are a number of these modem modules available in different form factors with various available options in speed, bands, etc. By going the module route we can both provide supplier choice in modems that meet our strict standards, and also allow modem isolation from the RAM and host CPU.(text is CC-by-SA 4.0)
  5. ↑ Aufranc, Jean-Luc (30 November 2018). "Necuno Mobile Open Source Linux Smartphone is Powered by NXP i.MX 6 Processor". CNX Software - Embedded Systems News.
  6. ↑ "Necunos - Redefining Mobile Security". Necuno Solutions.
  7. ↑ Android (operating system)#Licensing "drivers and firmware vital for the proper functioning of Android devices are usually proprietary"
  8. ↑ Stallman, Richard (5 August 2012). "Android and Users' Freedom – Support the Free Your Android campaign". gnu.org. Retrieved 9 September 2012. Even though the Android phones of today are considerably less bad than Apple or Windows smartphones, they cannot be said to respect your freedom.
  9. ↑ "Yes, this is us". lineageos.org.
  10. ↑ "A fork in the road | CyanogenMod". 25 December 2016. Archived from the original on 25 December 2016.
  11. ↑ "Linux on Android smartphones: Project Halium wants your handset to run Ubuntu, Sailfish". ZDNet. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  12. ↑ "Mobian OS For PinePhone Aims To Bring Debian Linux To Mobile Devices". Fossbytes. 20 June 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  13. ↑ Prague, Liam Proven in. "postmarketOS 22.06 aims to revive end-of-life smartphones". www.theregister.com. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  14. ↑ "The Next PinePhone Community Edition Will Feature Manjaro Linux". Fossbytes. 31 August 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  15. ↑ "Related projects — Halium documentation". docs.halium.org. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  16. ↑ Braam, Martijn (20 December 2019). "Yet Another Librem 5 and PinePhone comparison". TuxPhones.
  17. 1 2 "Volla Phone X23". Ubuntu Touch.
  18. ↑ "Mudita". Mudita.
  19. ↑ "Mudita OS". Github.
  20. ↑ https://store.mudita.com/all/outlet-mudita-pure-minimalist-phone-charcoal-black-1
  21. ↑ CNX-software, 26-10-2022, uConsole is a modular Arm or RISC-V handheld computer with optional 4G connectivity
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  23. ↑ https://www.geeky-gadgets.com/linux-handheld-pc/
  24. ↑ https://forum.clockworkpi.com/t/update-uconsole-shipping-related/9774
  25. ↑ https://www.hackster.io/news/clockwork-pi-s-uconsole-shrinks-the-devterm-targets-fantasy-console-developers-and-gamers-f3eded8f9741
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  29. ↑ postmarketOS, Volla Phone 22 (volla-mimameid)
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  31. ↑ "Pine64 komt met PinePhone Pro-Linux-smartphone met sterkere hardware". Tweakers (in Dutch).
  32. ↑ "PinePhone Pro". PINE64.
  33. ↑ "October Update: Introducing the PinePhone Pro". PINE64. 15 October 2021.
  34. ↑ PinePhone Pro Developer Edition
  35. ↑ "Pro¹ X". F(x)tec.
  36. 1 2 "Pro1-X shipping has begun!". F(x)tec. 26 July 2022.
  37. ↑ "The Volla Phone X". Volla Phone.
  38. ↑ postmarketOS, Volla Phone X (volla-yggdrasilx)
  39. 1 2 3 4 forum.fairphone.com, Operating systems for fair phones
  40. 1 2 "The Pyra". Official Pyra and Pandora Site. Retrieved 13 August 2020. The mobile edition adds mobile internet, and also has telephony services (making the Pyra a phone)
  41. ↑ "More Information". Official Pyra and Pandora Site.
  42. ↑ https://pyra-handheld.com/boards/threads/should-i-have-received-my-final-order-email-already.99284/
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  45. ↑ "First Librem 5 Smartphones are Shipping". Purism. 24 September 2019.
  46. ↑ Weaver, Todd (5 September 2019). "Librem 5 Shipping Announcement". Purism. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
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  49. ↑ "PinePhones Start Shipping - All You Need To Know". PINE64 +. 15 January 2020. As for software, the phone arrives preloaded with a factory test image rather than an end-user operating system. This preloaded factory test suite is running on Linux – postmarketOS to be precise – which allows you to test various features of the phone and run an automated test. ... I assume that everyone getting a Braveheart PinePhone understand that it's up to them to find the operating system build they are interested in, flash it and take part in the community discussion and ongoing development. Most builds are available on the PinePhone Wiki
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  55. 1 2 3 4 5 6 UBPorts - UBPorts keeps Ubuntu Touch alive. 04 September 2017.
  56. 1 2 "Meizu Phones Sold out". Archived from the original on 21 December 2016.
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  58. ↑ Android Headlines, 09-06-2015, Smartfen Unveils Cyanogen OS-Powered Andromax Q Handset
  59. ↑ Zdnet, 04-01-2016 , BQ Aquaris X5 Cyanogen Edition review: Affordable Android with extra security features
  60. ↑ postmarketOS, BQ Aquaris X5 (bq-paella)
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  63. ↑ postmarketOS, Wileyfox Swift (wileyfox-crackling)
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  70. ↑ Linux Devices, 2006-09-12, User-modifiable Linux phone ships
  71. ↑ postmarketOS SHIFT SHIFT6mq (shift-axolotl)
  72. 1 2 3 CNX-Software, 8.5.2024 ,SHIFTphone 8 Preparing Mainline Linux Support Ahead Of Launch
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  75. ↑ postmarketos.org: OnePlus 6T (oneplus-fajita)
  76. ↑ postmarketos.org: OnePlus 6 (oneplus-enchilada)
  77. ↑ postmarketos.org: Xiaomi Poco F1 (xiaomi-beryllium)
  78. ↑ postmarketos.org:Qualcomm Snapdragon 410/412 (MSM8916)
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  82. 1 2 Arduinophone designer's description
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  85. ↑ "Official Review: Circuitmess Ringo". GBAtemp. 13 February 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  86. ↑ "CircuitMess-Ringo". GitHub. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  87. ↑ Hunt, David (25 April 2014). "PiPhone – A Raspberry Pi based Smartphone".
  88. ↑ ZeroPhone – a Raspberry Pi Zero based smartphone
  89. ↑ Robinson, Evan (7 May 2023). "OURphone - DIY Open-Source Linux Smartphone". GitHub .
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