Mobile television

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Mobile television is television (TV) watched on a small handheld or mobile device, typically developed for that purpose. It includes services delivered via mobile phone networks, received free-to-air via terrestrial television stations, or via satellite broadcast. Regular broadcast standards or special mobile TV transmission formats can be used. Additional features may include downloading TV programs and podcasts from the Internet and storing programming for later viewing. Except in South Korea, consumer acceptance of broadcast mobile TV was limited due to a lack of compatible devices. [1]

Contents

Early mobile TV receivers were based on analog television systems. These models were the earliest televisions that could be placed in a coat pocket. The first was the Panasonic IC TV MODEL TR-001, introduced in 1970. The second was the Microvision or the MTV-1, and was also the first television that could pick up signals in multiple countries. The project took over ten years to develop and was funded by around £1.6 million in British government grants. [2] [3] Later products used 2G and 3G cellular technology as well as digital TV spectrum. [4] [5] [6]

In the 2010s, specialized mobile TV platforms and protocols were discontinued worldwide due to the rapid deployment of LTE cellular networks and the growing popularity of streaming television over the internet on modern smartphones. [7] [8] [9] [10]

Implementation

East Asia

In 2002, South Korea was the first country to introduce commercial mobile TV via 2G CDMA IS95-C, and 3G (CDMA2000 1X EVDO) networks. [4] In 2005, South Korea became the first country to broadcast satellite mobile TV via Satellite-DMB and Terrestrial-DMB. Mobile TV services were launched in Hong Kong in 2006 by the operator CSL on the 3G network. [5]

North America

In the US, Verizon Wireless and AT&T offered MediaFLO, a subscription service from March 2007 until March 2011.[ citation needed ] AT&T introduced AT&T Mobile TV in 2008. [11]

In 2007, the Advanced Television Systems Committee and the Consumer Electronics Association created an MDTV and began identifying compatible products as "MDTV". [12]

White House officials and members of Congress saw a demonstration on July 28, 2009 from Ion Media in conjunction with the Open Mobile Video Coalition. [13] [14] Another demonstration took place October 16, 2009 with journalists, industry executives and broadcasters riding around Washington, D.C., in a bus with prototype devices. Included were those who would be testing the devices in the Washington and Baltimore markets in January 2010. [15]

In 2009, the Open Mobile Video Coalition began testing with four stations: WATL, WPXA-TV, KOMO-TV, and KONG-TV. [16]

In 2009, FCC chair Julius Genachowski announced an effort to increase the spectrum available to wireless services. [17] Also in August, WTVE and Axcera began testing a single-frequency network (SFN) with multiple transmitters using the new mobile standard. [18]

In December 2009, Concept Enterprises introduced the first mobile DTV tuner for automobiles. [19]

On September 23, 2010, Media General began its first MDTV service at WCMH-TV in Columbus, Ohio and had plans to do the same a month later at WFLA-TV in the Tampa Bay, Florida area in addition to five to seven more stations in its portfolio. [20]

On November 19, 2010, a joint venture of 12 major broadcasters known as the Mobile Content Venture (MCV) announced plans to upgrade TV stations in 20 markets representing 40 percent of the United States population to deliver live video to portable devices by the end of 2011. [21]

As of January 2012, there were 120 stations in the United States broadcasting using the ATSC-M/H "Mobile DTV" standard. [22]

By early 2013, 130 stations were providing content, but the adoption of devices such as dongles was not widespread. [23]

In January 2012, the MCV announced that MetroPCS would offer MCV's Dyle mobile DTV service. Samsung planned an Android phone capable of receiving this service late in 2012. [24] At the end of 2012, Dyle was in 35 markets and capable of reaching 55 percent of viewers. [25] According to the home page on its website, "As of May 22, 2015, Dyle mobile TV is no longer in service, and Dyle-enabled devices and their apps will no longer be supported." [26]

As of 2023, WNUV CW 54, a NextGen TV station in Baltimore, is broadcasting in a format called MobileW at 480p resolution for cell phone reception. [27]

Europe

BT launched mobile TV in the United Kingdom in September 2006, but the services were abandoned in less than a year. [28] Germany had a failed endeavor with MFD Mobiles Fernsehen Deutschland, which launched their DMB-based service in June 2006 in Germany, but ended it in April 2008. [29] Also in June 2006, mobile operator 3 in Italy (part of Hutchison Whampoa) launched their mobile TV service, but in contrast to Germany's MFD it was based on the European DVB-H standard. [30]

Standards

Mobile network

Terrestrial

Satellite

See also

References

  1. ↑ Winslow, George (23 April 2012). "Mobilizing for Mobile DTV". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on 2 December 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
  2. ↑ "Sir Clive Sinclair & Sinclair Research Ltd". Sinclair Research . Archived from the original on 12 August 2006.
  3. ↑ "Video + TV gear", Retro Thing.
  4. 1 2 Allen, JC (5 November 2008). "Korean mobile content kings spill the beans". The Inquirer. Archived from the original on 9 August 2009.
  5. 1 2 3G UK: The service is based on the Golden Dynamic Enterprises Ltd.'s "VOIR Portal" and follows the 3GPP standard 3G-324 M. The same service was also deployed to the Philippines in 2007.
  6. ↑ Thompson, Mark (3 June 2010). "mobile tv cell phone networks". Broadcasting & Cable . Archived from the original on 15 May 2010. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
  7. ↑ "Data traffic grew by 60 times in past 5 years – 99% of the data usage came from 4G in 2020". Business Insider. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  8. ↑ Vora, Rutam (26 August 2016). "In 4G era, app, video streaming experience key for brand loyalty: Report". @businessline. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  9. ↑ "LTE broadcast will transform TV – results of a unique trial". Nokia. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  10. ↑ "The Digital Revolution Is Disrupting the TV Industry". BCG Global. 8 January 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  11. ↑ O'Brien, Kevin J. (6 May 2008). "Mobile TV Spreading in Europe and to the U.S." Yahoo! Finance. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016.
  12. ↑ Dickson, Glen (16 December 2009). "ATSC Launches Certification Program For Mobile DTV". Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 17 December 2009.
  13. ↑ Dickson, Glen (22 July 2009). "ION, OMVC Organize DTV Showcase in D.C." Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 22 July 2009.
  14. ↑ Eggerton, John (7 August 2009). "LIN TV Develops Blackberry App For Mobile TV Service". Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 11 August 2009.
  15. ↑ Eggerton, John (16 October 2009). "OMVC Does Mobile DTV Tour". Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 23 October 2009.
  16. ↑ Dickson, Glen (20 April 2009). "NAB 2009: Broadcasters Set Mobile DTV Test Markets". Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 17 December 2009.
  17. ↑ Dickson, Glen (16 October 2009). "Mobile DTV Standard Approved". Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 16 October 2009.
  18. ↑ Dickson, Glen (18 December 2009). "WTVE Tests SFN For Mobile DTV". Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 13 January 2010.
  19. ↑ Gilroy, Amy (9 November 2009). "First Mobile DTV Car Tuner At $499". TWICE . Archived from the original on 12 November 2009. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  20. ↑ Winslow, George (18 October 2010). "Media General Expands MDTV Services". Broadcasting & Cable . Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  21. ↑ Kurz, Phil (22 November 2010). "OMVC welcomes Mobile Content Venture plans to upgrade stations for mobile video delivery". Broadcast Engineering . Retrieved 8 February 2011.
  22. ↑ "OMVC announces sizable growth in number of MDTV stations at CES". Broadcast Engineering. 19 January 2012. Archived from the original on 22 September 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  23. ↑ Nakashima, Ryan (7 April 2013). "Broadcasters worry about 'Zero TV' homes". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 9 April 2013. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
  24. ↑ Winslow, George (9 January 2012). "Tech You Need to See". Broadcasting & Cable. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  25. ↑ Winslow, George (7 January 2013). "Mobilizing the TV Business Remains a Challenge". Broadcasting & Cable.
  26. ↑ "Dyle TV". Dyle.tv. Archived from the original on 12 October 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  27. ↑ Free Streaming Making Inroads with Traditional Television Consumers from The NPD Group: https://www.npd.com/wps/portal/npd/us/news/press-releases/the-npd-group-free-streaming-making-inroads-with-traditional-television-consumers/
  28. ↑ ZDnet: BT ditches mobile TV service, 26 July 2007
  29. ↑ Broadband TV news: MFD hands back German T-DMB licence, May 1, 2008
  30. ↑ The Register: DVB-H rockets ahead in Italy, 28 July 2006
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