Consulate General of Sweden, San Francisco | |
---|---|
Location | San Francisco |
Address | 595 Market Street, Suite #1350 San Francisco, CA 94105 United States |
Coordinates | 37°47′21″N122°24′03″W / 37.789251°N 122.400811°W |
Opening | 25 May 1850 (1st time) 1 January 2024 (2nd time) |
Closed | 1 January 1984 (1st time) |
Consul General | Anna Lekvall |
Website | Official website |
The Consulate General of Sweden, San Francisco is the diplomatic mission of Sweden in San Francisco, California. It is located at 595 Market Street in the Financial District.
The consulate general has its origins in the Swedish consulate that was opened in 1850, which was transformed into a consulate general in 1943. The primary responsibilities of the consulate general were to disseminate information about Sweden and Swedish collaboration opportunities, promote business activities through the organization of various events, handle consular matters (mainly passport and visa processing), and provide assistance to Swedish citizens in the western United States.
The consulate general's jurisdiction included, in addition to the city of San Francisco, the states of California, Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and later New Mexico until 1980 when Sweden's Consulate General in Los Angeles opened, taking over responsibility for certain states. In 1982, the consulate general in San Francisco was downgraded to a consulate, and the following year, it was completely closed. From 1983, a Swedish honorary consulate general operated in San Francisco, with an unpaid honorary consul general as the head. In 2024, Sweden reopened a consulate general in San Francisco.
The consulate general in San Francisco has its origins in the honorary consulate established by royal decree on May 25, 1850, with California as its district. The latter was extended by royal decree on April 12, 1872, to also include the states of Oregon, as well as the Washington Territory and the Territory of Alaska. By 1914, it encompassed the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona, as well as the Territory of Alaska. An office allowance of 500 riksdaler banco, previously granted to the consul, was withdrawn on November 7, 1856, but a new contribution of 4,000 kronor was granted to the consul on November 5, 1888. It was later increased to 5,000 kr, but on May 11, 1906, it was reduced to 1,000 kr and raised again on December 2, 1911, to 5,000 kr. [1]
In 1943, the consulate was elevated to a consulate general. [2] In 1949 funds were appropriated to establish a position for a Commercial Assistant at the Consulate General in San Francisco on the same principles as apply to similar posts at other consulates. [3]
In November 1980, the Ministry of the Budget ordered the Ministry for Foreign Affairs to cut eight million from its expenses. Among other things, by reducing Swedish representation abroad. This affected, among other things, the Consulate General in San Francisco. [4] In the same year, the Consulate General of Sweden, Los Angeles headed by a career diplomat opened, and two years later, the consulate in San Francisco was downgraded to a regular consulate. [5]
In 1981, the local employees at the Consulate General in San Francisco carried out a historic strike, marking the first time officials from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs went on strike. The six strikers, including a clerk, a receptionist, two information officers, the Consul General's secretary, and the chauffeur, protested against plans to relocate certain services to Los Angeles as part of a cost-cutting plan. The strike, which had been previously delayed, was triggered by a conflict regarding the right to be represented by the Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees. Despite the Consul General's claim that the absence of local employees would not impact the consulate's operations, the strikers argued that it was a way to undermine their strike by personally answering phones and handling mail. The conflict led to frustration and highlighted tensions surrounding the potential closure of the consulate under the cost-cutting plan. [6]
In 1983, the dismantling of the consulate general in San Francisco had commenced. The number of deployed officials had been reduced from five to three. The position of consul general ceased in the spring of 1982, and the remaining staff would then, during a transitional period, oversee the continued winding down of the authority. All deployed officials at the agency were expected to be reassigned by the spring of 1984. The consulate general would be officially phased out by January 1, 1984, at which point an honorary consul general had been appointed to oversee the honorary consulate general. [7]
In connection with the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, it was reported that Sweden's honorary consulate general in San Francisco had evacuated. It was located on the 21st floor of a high-rise building and no one was allowed to enter the building. [8]
On July 1, 1992, the Swedish Information Service in San Francisco which was located at the Honorary Consulate General of Sweden on 120 Montgomery Street, Suite 2175, was integrated with the Consulate General of Sweden, Los Angeles. [9]
In May 1997, it was reported that Sweden would once again open a consulate general in California, two years after the Consulate General of Sweden, Los Angeles was closed. The new consulate general would have a focus on trade and finance. [10] San Francisco was opted out and instead the Consulate General in Los Angeles reopened in 1998, then closed in 2009.
For several years, the organization Swedes Worldwide (Svenskar i Världen) had been lobbying the Minister for Foreign Affairs and the Ministry for Foreign Affairs for more Swedish missions worldwide, including a consulate general on the West Coast of the United States. The organization had emphasized to Foreign Minister Ann Linde on multiple occasions that Swedes living on the West Coast of the United States were in great need of a consulate general. The need became even more pressing when the mobile passport unit was discontinued in 2019, requiring Swedes on the West Coast and surrounding areas to travel to the Swedish embassy in Washington D.C. or the consulate general in New York City to renew their passports. [11]
The career consular mission opened on January 1, 2024 in San Francisco, and its areas of responsibility includes the states of California and Hawaii. In connection with the opening on January 1, the consulate general took over consular responsibility from the Swedish embassy in Washington. [12] The main focus of the new consulate general was the promotion of trade and Sweden. The consulate general would also provide consular support with passport operations in the area of operation. [13]
On February 20, 2024, Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden presided over the inauguration of the new consulate general at a ceremony in the San Francisco Conservatory of Music, in the presence of the Minister for Foreign Trade Johan Forssell. [14]
The tasks of the consulate general is to provide assistance to Swedes and to promote Swedish interests. The Section for Consular Affairs handles consular matters such as passports, citizenship questions, name registrations, certifications of documents etc. The section also assists Swedish citizens in emergency situations. The Section for Trade and Export Promotion works with trade, export- and business related activities with the purpose of promoting the exchange between Sweden, California, and Hawaii. [15]
The consulate general's district from 1969 to 1975 included, in addition to San Francisco, the states of California, Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah and Washington. [16] [17] The district was expanded in 1976 with the state of New Mexico. [18] The district was changed in 1979 with the opening of the Consulate General of Sweden in Los Angeles. The district now included San Francisco, the states of California — with the exception of the counties of San Luis Obispo, Kern, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, Ventura, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, Imperial, and San Diego — Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah and Washington. [19]
In 1981, the Consulate General in Los Angeles took over the states of Arizona and Hawaii. [20] In 1982, the Consulate General in San Francisco was downgraded to a consulate and the district was thus changed to include the city of San Francisco and the counties of San Mateo, Santa Clara, Alameda, Contra Costa, Solano, Napa, Sonoma, and Marin. [21] After the honorary consulate general took over the operations in 1983, the district consisted of the City of San Francisco and the California counties of Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, and Sonoma. [22]
After the consulate general reopens in 2024, the area of responsibility consists of the states of California and Hawaii. [15]
In 1921, the consulate general was located at 268 Market Street in the Financial District. [23] From 1922 to 1941, the consulate general was situated in the Marston Building at 244 Kearny Street in Union Square. [24] [25] From 1942 to 1946, the consulate general was located at 64 Pine Street in the Financial District. [26] [27] In 1947, no address was available. [28] From 1948 to 1951, the consulate general was situated at 1918 Jackson Street in Pacific Heights. [29] [30] From 1952 to 1983, the consulate general was located at 1960 Jackson Street in Pacific Heights. [31] [21] Between 1983 and 2012, the honorary consulate general was situated at 120 Montgomery Street, Suite 2175. [22] [32] From 2013, the honorary consulate general was situated at 505 Sansome Street, Suite 1010 in the Financial District. [33] Since the reopening of the consulate general in 2024, it is located at 595 Market Street, Suite 1350 in the Financial District. [34]
In a proposition from the King in Council to the Riksdag dated November 8, 1946, the Riksdag proposed approving the acquisition of a property deemed suitable for the Swedish representation in San Francisco. The property on Jackson Street consisted of two interconnected houses, built in 1915 and 1920, and was located in a desirable residential district near the city's business center. It was intended for use as the residence for the consul general, as well as for the consulate general's office and the residence for the vice consul. The property also offered opportunities for meeting spaces and facilities for seamen's reception. A real estate expert had assessed that the property was in good condition, and the purchase was suggested as an economically advantageous solution. The consul general justified the acquisition by pointing out the increasing rental costs for current premises and the difficulties for the staff in finding reasonable housing in San Francisco. The purchase would also allow rental income from surplus housing within the property. The National Board of Public Building (Byggnadsstyrelsen) reviewed plans and photographs, supporting the proposal. The department head considered the property suitable and economically advantageous, proposing a budget of 590,000 kronor for the acquisition. He also mentioned that certain furnishings should be obtained for seamen's and meeting rooms, to be funded from the proposed budget for stationery materials at embassies and consulates. [35]
The property comprised a total of 25 rooms. The first house was intended for the residence of the consul general, who would have access to three living rooms and four bedrooms, in addition to the kitchen area and quarters for service personnel. The ground floor and first floor of the second house were designated for spacious premises for the consulate general's office. The third floor would be arranged as the residence for the vice consul, including a living room, dining room, three bedrooms, and a kitchen. Additionally, the property included a caretaker's residence and a garage. The original construction cost was stated as $300,000. The plot measured 45.7 x 38.7 meters, and its value was estimated at $75,000. The purchase price amounted to $160,000 or, in Swedish currency, 576,000 kronor. [35]
The house at 1960 Jackson Street contained 9,000 square feet four times the size of an average three-bedroom home, with 15 principal rooms, seven baths, sitting rooms, dressing rooms, servants' quarters and storage rooms and the "secret passageways" that connect it with 1950 Jackson next door. The houses were designed by William Bliss of the firm of Bliss Faville, architects of the St. Francis Hotel the original Southern Pacific Building and the University Club. The older, 1960 Jackson, was built in 1921 by Lillian Matson, wife of William Matson, Swedish-born founder of the Matson Navigation Co. [36] About 1924, Mrs Matson built 1950 Jackson Street, on the right of the court, for her daughter and son-in-law Mr. and Mrs. William P. Roth. [37] The red brick buildings, which according to San Francisco's rigorous earthquake laws cannot be made of solid brick due to the risk of it collapsing in earthquakes, are therefore only clad in a brick facade. [38]
As the Swedish consulate general was downgraded to a consulate and then closed in 1983, the houses were put up for sale as the consulate relocated most of its staff to Los Angeles. This move sparked concerns among Pacific Heights residents, echoing past disputes over the neighborhood's character. Anne Bloomfield, representing the Pacific Heights Residents Association, vehemently opposed any proposal that conflicted with the single-family zoning of the Swedish Consulate's buildings. This stance put potential buyers in direct conflict with Bloomfield's organization, as well as city planning authorities. Despite being listed for two months by Grubb and Ellis, the properties weren't sold, underscoring the shortage of single-family buyers. [39]
The conflict extended beyond the immediate neighborhood dynamics. Mansion buyers often sought tax write-offs and attempted to repurpose these historic buildings into institutions or offices. This clashed with residents like Mrs. Spreckels and Mrs. McGinnis, who strove to preserve Pacific Heights' unique character and avoid increased traffic. [36] [39] The grandeur of the mansions, especially 1960 Jackson Street with its 9,000 square feet, posed challenges for potential buyers. [36] The high prices, ranging from $1.45 million to $125 million, deterred families, and even if they could afford the purchase, the maintenance costs and sheer size of the properties made them impractical for many. [39] The history of conflicts over prime Pacific Heights property, such as the Matson family's earlier tussle before the Planning Commission, highlighted the ongoing struggle between preservationists and those seeking to redefine the use of historic estates. As the former Swedish Consulate's fate hung in the balance, it reflected broader challenges in maintaining single-family residences amid evolving real estate trends in San Francisco. [39] [36]
In 1987, the properties were bought by the German government, restored, and adapted for the German consulate general. [37]
Name | Period | Title | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Johan Jakob Ludvig Herrlich | April 22, 1852 – November 7, 1856 | Honorary consul | Acting May 20, 1851. | [1] |
Georg C. Johnson | December 15, 1857 – May 19, 1872 | Honorary consul [lower-alpha 1] | Acting November 7, 1856. Died in office. | [1] |
Gustaf O'Hara Taaffe | April 12, 1873 – April 16, 1874 | Honorary consul [lower-alpha 2] | Acting September 6, 1872. Died in office. | [1] |
August Berggren | August 12, 1875 – October 31, 1884 | Consul | [1] | |
Knud Henry Lund | April 24, 1885 – May 11, 1906 | Honorary consul | [1] | |
Henry Lund | 1906–1908 | Acting honorary consul | Vice consul in 1901. | [1] |
William Matson | March 15, 1908 – October 11, 1917 | Consul | Consul general n.h.o.v. . Died in office. | [1] [40] [41] |
– | 1918–1918 | Consul | Vacant. | [42] |
Fredrik Westerberg | 1918–1919 | Acting consul | Vacant. Vice consul Westerberg served as acting consul. | [43] |
Carl Edvard Wallerstedt | 1919–1921 | Acting consul | [23] | |
Carl Edvard Wallerstedt | 1922–1943 | Consul | [24] [44] | |
Carl Edvard Wallerstedt | 1943–1944 | Acting consul general | [45] | |
Carl Edvard Wallerstedt | 1944 – February 1, 1947 | Consul general | [27] [46] | |
Victor Emanuel (Manne) Lindholm | 1947 – April 1, 1960 | Consul general | [47] [48] | |
Per Anger | 1961–1966 | Consul general | [49] | |
Carl Henrik Petersén | 1966–1972 | Consul general | [50] | |
Hans-Efraim Sköld | 1972–1976 | Consul general | [18] | |
Cecilia Nettelbrandt | 1976–1978 | Consul general | [51] | |
Fredrik Bergenstråhle | 1979–1980 | Consul general | [52] | |
Otto Rathsman | 1980–1982 | Consul general | [20] [53] | |
– | 1982–1983 | Consul general | Vacant | [54] [21] |
Odd Isaksson | September 17, 1981 – 1983 | Consul/Acting consul general | [55] [21] [53] | |
Sven A. Eliason | December 27, 1983 – May 24, 1985 | Honorary consul general | Died in office. [56] | [22] |
Siri Eliason | November 20, 1985 – 1998 | Honorary consul general | [57] [58] | |
Barbro Sachs-Osher | February 11, 1999 – ???? | Honorary consul general | [59] | |
Anna Lekvall | 2023–present | Consul general | [60] | |
The Embassy of Sweden in Rome is Sweden's diplomatic mission in Italy. The Swedish embassy in Rome dates back to the 1450s and is thus the oldest in the world. Birger Månsson was sent to Rome because the Swedish government wanted to improve the relationship with the Pope. Today, the embassy is also a representation at the UN agencies in Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Food Programme (WFP) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The ambassador has a dual accreditation in San Marino.
The Embassy of Sweden in Paris is Sweden's diplomatic mission in France.
The Embassy of Sweden in Mexico City is Sweden's diplomatic mission in Mexico. The mission of the embassy is to represent Swedish interests in Mexico, as well as to strengthen bilateral relations within the governmental, commercial, business, academic, cultural and civil society spheres, with a particular emphasis on cooperation for sustainable development.
The Embassy of Sweden in New Delhi is Sweden's diplomatic mission in India. The embassy is headed by the ambassador of Sweden to India. The embassy is situated in Chanakyapuri, the diplomatic enclave of New Delhi, where most of the embassies in India are located. The Swedish embassy is responsible for the honorary consulates in India, located in Kolkata and Chennai, and the Swedish consulate general in Mumbai. The ambassador of New Delhi is also accredited to Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives.
The Consulate General of Sweden is the diplomatic mission of Sweden in New York City. It is located at One Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza in Turtle Bay, Manhattan, near the headquarters of the United Nations.
Lieutenant General Gustav Ivar Backlund was a senior Swedish Army officer. Backlund began his military career in 1912, rising to the rank of captain by 1924. He held various roles, including adjutant to the Ministry of Defence and teacher at the Artillery and Engineering College. Promoted to colonel in 1939, he became the regimental commander of the Dalarna Regiment. In 1944, Backlund served as Commandant in Boden Fortress and held a key role in the IV Military District from 1944 to 1946. He achieved the rank of major general in 1946 and served as Chief of the Army Staff until 1948. Later, he became the military commander of the VII Military District until 1955 and headed the Swedish National Defence College until 1956, retiring as a lieutenant general in 1957.
The Embassy of Sweden in Ottawa is Sweden's diplomatic mission in Canada. The Swedish embassy in Canada represents the Swedish government in Canada and The Bahamas. The embassy is located in ByWard Market in the downtown core of the capital of Ottawa. Ambassador since 2019 is Urban Ahlin. Sweden also has nine honorary consulates in Canada.
Nils Ivar (Nils-Ivar) Carlborg was a Swedish Army officer. He started the paratrooper training in Sweden and founded the Swedish Army Paratroop School of which he was its first commander (1952–1953). He later served as head of the Military Academy Karlberg (1964–1969) and as commander of Stockholm Defence District (1969–1973) and as the Commandant of Stockholm (1969–1973).
The Embassy of Sweden in Tokyo is Sweden's diplomatic mission in Japan. The mission was opened in 1906. It's located in the Roppongi district in Minato, Tokyo since 1959. The current embassy building was inaugurated in 1991. The ambassador since 2019 is Pereric Högberg. The ambassador has a dual accreditation to Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau.
The Embassy of Sweden in Pretoria is Sweden's diplomatic mission in South Africa. The Swedish embassy in South Africa represents the Swedish government in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Lesotho. The embassy is located in the suburb of Hatfield in the capital of Pretoria. The ambassador since 2020 is Håkan Juholt.
The Embassy of Sweden in Dublin is Sweden's diplomatic mission in Ireland. When Ireland became independent, Sweden was one of the countries that early established diplomatic relations with Ireland. The embassy has its origins in the legation that was opened in 1946, which in turn has its origins in the Swedish consulate that was opened in 1926. The embassy closed in 2010 and reopened in 2023.
The Embassy of Sweden in Beijing is Sweden's diplomatic mission in China. The embassy's task is to represent Sweden, the Swedish government in China and to promote Swedish interests. Trade promotion and development cooperation are other tasks for the embassy, as well as press and culture issues and migration and consular services. The embassy's sphere of responsibility includes Mongolia. The ambassador has a dual accreditation to Ulaanbaatar.
The Consulate General of Sweden, Los Angeles was the diplomatic mission of Sweden in Los Angeles between 1980 and 1995, as well as between 1998 and 2009. The consulate general had its origins in the honorary vice consulate opened in 1910, which was transformed into an honorary consulate in 1955 and an honorary consulate general in 1969. The main tasks of the consulate general were to disseminate information about Sweden and Swedish collaboration opportunities, promote business activities through various events, and handle consular matters and assistance to Swedish citizens in the western United States.
The Consulate General of Sweden, Minneapolis was the diplomatic mission of Sweden in Minneapolis between 1963 and 1989. The consulate originated from the honorary vice consulate opened in 1908, which was converted into a consulate in 1934 and into a consulate general in 1963. Along with those in New York City, San Francisco, Montreal, Chicago, and Houston, the consulate belonged to the so-called "heritage consulates" due to the large number of inheritance cases it handled.
The Consulate General of Sweden, Chicago was the diplomatic mission of Sweden in Chicago between 1943 and 1993. The consulate general originated from the honorary vice consulate opened in 1852, which was converted into an honorary consulate in 1908, and into a consulate in 1913 and finally into a consulate general in 1943. The consulate general tasks was to advance the interests of Sweden, and to serve and protect Swedes in Chicago and different states in the Midwestern United States. Along with those in Minneapolis, New York City, San Francisco, Montreal, and Houston, the consulate general belonged to the so-called "heritage consulates" due to the large number of inheritance cases it handled.
The Consulate General of Sweden, Houston was the diplomatic mission of Sweden in Houston between 1963 and 1981. The consulate general originated from the consulate opened in 1950, which was converted into a consulate general in 1963. The consulate general tasks was to advance the interests of Sweden, and to serve and protect Swedes in Houston and different states in the Southern United States. Along with those in Chicago, Minneapolis, New York City, San Francisco, and Montreal, the consulate general belonged to the so-called "heritage consulates" due to the large number of inheritance cases it handled.
The Consulate General of Sweden, Montreal was the diplomatic mission of Sweden in Montreal between 1916 and 1993. The consulate general originated from the consulate opened in 1906, which was converted into a consulate general in 1916. The consulate general tasks was to advance the interests of Sweden, and to serve and protect Swedes in Montreal and in different provinces and territories of Canada. Along with those in Chicago, Houston, Minneapolis, New York City, and San Francisco, the consulate general belonged to the so-called "heritage consulates" due to the large number of inheritance cases it handled.
The Consulate General of Sweden, London was the diplomatic mission of Sweden in London between 1859 and 1973. The consulate general originated from the consulate opened in 1722, which was converted into a consulate general in 1850. The tasks of the consulate general included consular services, promotion of trade relations, cultural and political relations, matters concerning the maritime industry, and more.
The Embassy of Sweden, Brussels was the diplomatic mission of Sweden in Brussels between 1837 and 2011. The mission was elevated from legation to embassy in 1956. The embassy in Brussels had a bilateral role, focusing on enhancing Sweden's relations with Belgium. It housed a consular section offering services to Swedish citizens and individuals with Swedish connections. Additionally, the embassy hosted the Swedish Trade Council's office as its trade section. The ambassador's responsibilities included maintaining continuous dialogue with the Belgian government, especially regarding EU affairs, and fostering economic and cultural ties between Belgium and Sweden. Since 2011, a Stockholm-based ambassador has been responsible for the bilateral relations between Sweden and Belgium. In 2020, Sweden opened a consulate general in Brussels with a focus on consular activities.
The Embassy of Sweden, The Hague is the diplomatic mission of Sweden in The Hague. The Netherlands is the first country with which Sweden exchanged permanent ambassadors, a relationship established in 1614. The embassy's primary role is to monitor, represent, and advance Swedish interests within the Netherlands and international organizations based in The Hague. Its responsibilities include providing services to Swedish authorities, businesses, organizations, and citizens. The embassy regularly reports to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Stockholm, offering insights into political and economic developments, as well as the country's stance on global events. A key focus is promoting Swedish economic interests by aiding Swedish companies and attracting foreign investments to Sweden, collaborating closely with Business Sweden in The Hague and the Swedish Chamber of Commerce in Amsterdam. Additionally, the embassy handles consular matters. It also engages in promoting Sweden through seminars, exhibitions, and cultural events.