Ctenotus regius

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Ctenotus regius
Royal Ctenotus (22706209509).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Scincidae
Genus: Ctenotus
Species:
C. regius
Binomial name
Ctenotus regius
Storr, 1971

Ctenotus regius, the pale-rumped ctenotus or regal striped skink, is a medium-sized species of skink with an arid distribution restricted to the Australian Mainland, [2] which belongs to the largest group of reptiles in Australia, Ctentotus (containing close to 100 species). [3]

Contents

Description

Ctentotus regius is a medium-sized skink, characterised by its longitudinally striped back and white spotted sides. [2] The species has a reddish-brown tail and its body is patterned by a blackish brown colour with a white-cream lateral stripe that runs from over the ear to below the eye, and white side spots in between the longitudinal lines that span the length of its body. [2] The average snout-to-vent length of the species is 7.2 cm [4] with females being recorded as slightly larger, on average, than their male counterparts. [5]

Taxonomy

Ctenotus regius was first described by Glen Milton Store in 1970, [6] and has not since had a name revision.

The pale-rumped ctenotus is a member of the skink family (Scincidae), and the genus Ctenotus, often described as 'comb-eared' for its row of small scales on the anterior edge of its ears. [7] Many of the species within this genus are exceedingly similar in shape, build and appearance, with many differences only identifiable in their size and foraging and sheltering behaviours. [7]

Distribution

Ctentotus regius is endemic to Australia, with a distribution isolated to the in north-west of New South Wales, the south-west of Queensland, the south-east of Northern Territory, the north-east of South Australia and the north-west of Victoria. [2] Atlas of Living Australia currently holds 7,697 records for the species across Australia, although some of these may be misidentifications. [2] Records for the species exist in a number of National Parks and Nature Reserves within New South Wales, including Mallee Cliffs NP, Tarawi NR, Mungo NP, Sturt NP, Kinchega NP, Nocoleche NR and Yathong NR. [8]

Australian Distribution of Ctenotus regius (Source: Atlas of Living Australia, Google Street Maps ) Species distribution map.jpg
Australian Distribution of Ctenotus regius (Source: Atlas of Living Australia, Google Street Maps )

Ecology and habitat

The pale-rumped ctenotus inhabits sandy and loamy deserts in central Australia, seeking refuge in low shrubs including saltbush ( Atriplex spp.), bluebush ( Maireana spp.) and nitre bush ( Nitraria billardierei ). [2]

Although much is still unknown about the species' ecological ties to its predators and prey, grey butcherbirds ( Cracticus torquatus ) have been observed preying upon the species in Murray-Sunset National Park in Victoria. [3]

The species has been observed to occupy a home range, with estimates ranging from 40-60 square metres. [5]

Reproduction and lifecycle

The pale-rumped ctenotus is an oviparous (egg-laying) species. [11] Females are on average larger than their male counterparts and lay a clutch of approximately two eggs early in summer, although reproductive efforts have been noted to vary considerably with environmental conditions. [5] The pale-rumped ctenotus has a relatively short lifespan of approximately 3 years, in contrast to other Ctenotus species such as C. leonhardii with specimens recorded as living for as long as 7 years. [5]

Diet

Ctentotus regius is largely an unspecialised insectivore, although it may occasionally consume plant material. [5]

Conservation

Ctenotus regius is listed as a species of least concern on the IUCN Red List. [1] However, many pressures impact desert reptile populations within Australia, including habitat loss from land clearing, habitat degradation and modification as a result of introduced pest species and anthropogenic climate change, vehicle collisions and emerging diseases. [4]

Related Research Articles

The Lancelin Island skink, also known commonly as the Lancelin south-west ctenotus and the south-west ctenotus, is a species of skink, a lizard in the subfamily Sphenomorphinae of the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to Australia.

<i>Saproscincus mustelinus</i> Species of lizard

Saproscincus mustelinus, commonly known as the southern weasel skink or weasel shadeskink, is a small species of skink which is endemic to Australia.

<i>Ctenotus robustus</i> Species of lizard

Ctenotus robustus, the eastern striped skink, is a species of skink found in a wide variety of habitats around Australia. They are long-tailed, fast moving skinks that are quite large, growing to a maximum length of about 30 cm. This skink is mostly brown with a white-edged black stripe running down the length of its back and tail with broad brown stripes along the side of the body with rows of white spots. The sides become lighter, turning into an off-white colour towards the underside of the skink, running from the groin to the chin. The striped skink is similar in appearance to the spotted-back skink with the main identifying difference being the solid stripe running down the back of C. robustus whereas C. uber orientalis has a row of dots.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern spiny-tailed gecko</span> Species of lizard

The northern spiny-tailed gecko is a species of lizard in the family Diplodactylidae. The species is endemic to Australia.

<i>Cryptoblepharus australis</i> Species of lizard

Cryptoblepharus australis, commonly called the inland snake-eyed skink, is a species of skink in the genus Cryptoblepharus.

<i>Ctenotus strauchii</i> Species of lizard

Ctenotus strauchii, also known commonly as the eastern barred wedge-snout ctenotus or Strauch's ctenotus, is a small species of lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to Australia and is found throughout semi-arid and arid regions in most of Australia's mainland states except Western Australia, although one record does exist for Western Australia in 1975.

<i>Strophurus intermedius</i> Species of lizard

Strophurus intermedius, also known commonly as the eastern spiny-tailed gecko or the southern spiny-tailed gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Diplodactylidae. The species is endemic to semi-arid regions of Australia in New South Wales, Northern Territory, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia, in mallee shrubland and woodland habitats.

Gehyra pulingka is a species of gecko endemic to Australia. It occurs in north-west South Australia, the mid Northern Territory, and Western Australia to the eastern Rawlinson Ranges. It is described as being generally dark-skinned with a pattern of light and dark markings over its body; however, light-skinned variants with similar patterns have been found.

<i>Ctenotus pantherinus</i> Species of lizard

Ctenotus pantherinus, commonly known as the leopard ctenotus, is a species of skink endemic to central and western Australia. Its conservation status is currently classified as Least Concern.

The saltbush slender bluetongue is a species of lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to the arid interior of eastern Australia. Although its conservation status is of least concern, it has been listed as endangered in New South Wales. The slender saltbush bluetongue has been recorded in Sturt National Park in New South Wales but extends into northeast South Australia and south-west Queensland.

<i>Morethia adelaidensis</i> Species of lizard

The saltbush Morethia skink, or more commonly referred to as saltbush skink, is a species of skink found in Australia. They are part of an 8 species genus of Morethia, which are all endemic to Australia. Akin to other members of the Morethia genus, saltbush skinks feature transparent disks as eye covers and eyelids which are stationary, along with specialised limbs which enable quick traversal of sand dunes. Taxonomically, the species was first classified by German explorer Wilhelm Karl Hartwig in 1871.

<i>Ctenotus allotropis</i> Species of lizard

Ctenotus allotropis, the brown-blazed wedgesnout ctenotus, is a species of skink found in New South Wales and Queensland in Australia.

Ctenotus atlas, the southern Mallee ctenotus, is a medium sized lizard in the family scincidae (skink) found in the central and southern interior regions of South Australia and Western Australia; the Mallee regions of NSW and Victoria, in Australia.

<i>Ctenotus brooksi</i> Species of lizard

Ctenotus brooksi, also known commonly as Brooks' wedge-snouted ctenotus, the wedgesnout ctenotus, and the sandhill ctenotus, is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to Australia and found in semi-arid regions.

<i>Ctenotus leonhardii</i> Species of lizard

Ctenotus leonhardii, known by the common names Leonhardi's ctenotus, Leonhardi's skink or common desert ctenotus, is a species of skink found in a range of arid and semi-arid regions throughout mainland Australia. The species was named after German anthropologist Moritz von Leonhardi in 1919 and belongs to the genus Ctenotus, one of the largest genera of lizards in Australia.

<i>Ctenotus schomburgkii</i> Species of lizard

The barred wedge-snout ctenotus is a species of skink found in Australia.[2]

Ctenotus spaldingi is a diurnal terrestrial skink (Scincidae) species of lizard, commonly known as the straight-browed ctenotus or Spalding's ctenotus. Native to Australia the species is found in the northern areas of Australia, along the east coast, in the north and east of South Australia and throughout Victoria and in southern Papua New Guinea. Their conservation status is of least concern classified by the IUCN. Individuals can be up to 30cm long from the snout to tail or 10cm long from the snout to vent (SVL). They typically inhabit grasslands and low vegetation in savannah woodlands in coastal dune areas, monsoon scrub and woodland commonly found around rock outcrops and when disturbed will hide in shallow burrows or amongst ground litter.

The eastern robust slider is a nocturnal, burrowing species of skink found in continental Australia. Other common names are 'spotted lerista', and 'common burrowing skink'. The earliest written description of the species was provided by Albert Günther in 1867, based on a specimen caught in Queensland.

<i>Lerista timida</i> Australian species of skink

Lerista timida, the dwarf three-toed slider or wood mulch-slider, is a species of skink found in Australia. Other common names for the species include timid slider and dwarf burrowing skink. The skink is a member of the Lerista genus which are confined to continental Australia and are mostly a burrowing species of skink. The genus consists of consists elongated, smooth-scaled, Fossorial lizards that are specialized for life in the upper soils and dry leaf litter through which they slide using Lateral undulation as a form of locomotive action, giving rise to their nickname as sliders. They normally emerge of a night-time to hunt for small Invertebrates such as ants, termites and insects. If disturbed, they dive immediately into any loose substrate to avoid predation, this behavior leaves behind a distinctive disrupted wavy track that often found on sandy flats or dunes, roads and tracks.

The Shark Bay broad-blazed slider is a species of skink found in Western Australia. It was described by Storr in 1986.

References

  1. 1 2 Fenner, A.; Hutchinson, M.; McDonald, P.; Robertson, P. (2018). "Ctenotus regius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T109464279A109464294. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T109464279A109464294.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Australia, Atlas of Living. "Species: Ctenotus regius (Pale-Rumped Ctenotus)". bie.ala.org.au. Retrieved 2020-10-24.
  3. 1 2 Fitzsimons, James A.; Thomas, Janelle L. (2010). "Ctenotus regius (Regal Striped Skink). Predation". Herpetological Review. 41 (1): 76–77 via Research Gate.
  4. 1 2 "Royal ctenotus (Ctenotus regius) at the Australian Reptile Online Database | AROD.com.au". www.arod.com.au. Retrieved 2020-10-24.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Read, J. L. (1998). "The ecology of sympatric scincid lizards (Ctenotus) in arid South Australia". Australian Journal of Zoology. 46 (6): 617–629. doi:10.1071/ZO97063 via CSIRO Publishing.
  6. "Ctenotus regius". The Reptile Database. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  7. 1 2 "Ctenotus - Australian Lizards". The Australian Museum. Retrieved 2020-10-26.
  8. "Environment & Heritage | NSW BioNet". www.environment.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2020-10-26.
  9. Australia, Atlas of Living. "Species: Ctenotus regius (Pale-Rumped Ctenotus)". bie.ala.org.au. Retrieved 2020-10-26.
  10. "Google Maps". Google Maps. Retrieved 2020-10-26.
  11. "Ctenotus regius". The Reptile Database. Retrieved 2020-10-24.