Rumina decollata | |
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A live individual of the decollate snail | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Order: | Stylommatophora |
Suborder: | Achatinina |
Superfamily: | Achatinoidea |
Family: | Achatinidae |
Subfamily: | Rumininae |
Genus: | Rumina |
Species: | R. decollata |
Binomial name | |
Rumina decollata | |
Synonyms | |
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The decollate snail, scientific name Rumina decollata, is a medium-sized predatory land snail, a species of terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. [4] It originated in the Mediterranean but has been introduced in a number of areas worldwide. It was recently found to represent a species complex. [5]
This species is native to the Mediterranean excluding south-east Mediterranean. [6]
It is introduced in Israel and in Egypt [7] since Roman times. It has been introduced into North America, including Phoenix and Glendale, Arizona, and other areas Fresno, California [8] [2] as a biological control agent, in hopes of controlling populations of the brown garden snail. [9]
Also found in southern Brazil, and in Great Britain, as a "hothouse alien".
The shell of the decollate snail is long and roughly cone-shaped. It grows to approximately 40–45 mm (1.6–1.8 in) in length and a width of 14 mm (0.55 in), [10] and upon reaching mature size, grinds or chips off the end of its own shell by moving its body roughly against hard surfaces, so that the shell takes on a decollate shape, tapering to a blunt end.
Sexual maturity occurs at approximately 10 months. An adult is capable of laying 500 eggs in its lifetime. The eggs are deposited singly in the soil and hatch within 10–45 days. [10]
Rumina decollata is a voracious predator, and will readily feed upon common garden snails and slugs and their eggs. The snail eats plant matter as well, but this generalist predator is indiscriminate in its feeding and has been implicated in the decimation of native gastropods (including non-pest species) and beneficial annelids. [10]
Decollate snails are tolerant of dry and cold conditions, during which they burrow deep into the soil. They are most active during the night and during rainfall.
A snail is a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name snail is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have a coiled shell that is large enough for the animal to retract completely into. When the word "snail" is used in this most general sense, it includes not just land snails but also numerous species of sea snails and freshwater snails. Gastropods that naturally lack a shell, or have only an internal shell, are mostly called slugs, and land snails that have only a very small shell are often called semi-slugs.
Helix is a genus of large, air-breathing land snails native to the western Palaearctic and characterized by a globular shell.
Cornu aspersum, known by the common name garden snail, is a species of land snail in the family Helicidae, which includes some of the most familiar land snails. Of all terrestrial molluscs, this species may well be the most widely known. It was classified under the name Helix aspersa for over two centuries, but the prevailing classification now places it in the genus Cornu.
Zonitoides nitidus, also known as the shiny glass snail or black gloss, is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Gastrodontidae.
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. Land snail is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells. However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water.
Euglandina is a genus of predatory medium- to large-sized, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Spiraxidae.
Cecilioides acicula, common name the "blind snail" or "blind awlsnail", is a species of very small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ferussaciidae.
Ellobiidae, common name the hollow-shelled snails, is a family of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Eupulmonata. Ellobiidae is the only family in the superfamily Ellobioidea, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Urocoptidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Urocoptoidea.
Rumina is a genus of medium-sized predatory land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae.
Myosotella is a European genus or subgenus of small, salt marsh snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Pythiinae of the family Ellobiidae.
Conus ventricosus mediterraneus is a subspecies of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Columbella rustica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.
Ocinebrina aciculata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Luria lurida is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.
Thylacodes arenarius is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Vermetidae, the worm snails or worm shells.
Alvania sculptilis is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.
Conus ventricosus, common name the Mediterranean cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Tritia neritea is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails or dog whelks.