Dholpur

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Dholpur
Dhaulpur
City
Dholpur Bus Stand.JPG
Dholpur Bus Stand in Dholpur (Rajasthan)
Nickname: 
Dang
India Rajasthan location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Dholpur
Location in Rajasthan, India
Coordinates: 26°42′N77°54′E / 26.7°N 77.9°E / 26.7; 77.9
Country Flag of India.svg  India
State Rajasthan
District Dholpur
Founded byDhaval Dev in 11th century
Area
[1]
 •  City
33.3 km2 (12.9 sq mi)
Elevation
177 m (581 ft)
Population
 (2021) [2]
 •  City
246,489
 • Density7,400/km2 (19,000/sq mi)
 •  Metro
[3]
133,229
Languages
 • Official Hindi, Rajasthani
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
328001
Telephone code05642
Vehicle registration RJ-11
Sex ratio 862 ♂/♀
Website dholpur.rajasthan.gov.in

Dholpur is a city in the Dholpur district in Rajasthan state of India. It is situated on the left bank of the Chambal river. The city is the administrative headquarters of Dholpur district.

Contents

Dhaulpur became a separate district in 1982 comprising Dholpur, Rajakhera, Saramathura, Bari and Baseri tehsils. Dholpur district is a part of Bharatpur Division/Commissionerate. It is bordered by Bharatpur district of Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh to the north, Madhya Pradesh to the south, Karauli district to the west and Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh to the east.

Dhaulpur is famous for its red stone and ancient time temple. Also, Machkund temple and kund which is famous as "Tirthon ka Bhanja". Three famous shiv temples situated here are Mahakaal Shiv Temple, Mahadev Temple at the nearby Parvati river, and Bhooteshwar Mahadev Temple.

Geography

The city of Dholpur (Dhaulpur) lies on the left (north) bank of the Chambal River at 26° 42' 0" North, 77° 54' 0" East, [4] across the river, and provincial border, from Morena in Madhya Pradesh. It is located on old NH-3 and is a junction on the North Central Railway. The total area of Dholpur city is 33.3 square kilometres (12.9 sq mi). [1]

History

Rajput period (7th century)

There were several Rajput dynasties including Chauhans, Tomars ,Jadauns, etc who ruled over Dholpur for a long period. [5] [6]

Chahamana (Chauhan) dynasty

The earliest Rajput dyanasty that ruled Dholpur region were the Chauhans in the early 7th and 8th century. [7] The discovery of a stone inscription at Dholpur has brought into light the existence of a Chahamana dynasty at Dhavalapuri. [8] The inscription mentions Chauhan Prince Chandamahasena who was the contemporary of Pratihara emperor Bhojadev. [9] The inscription mentions conflicts of Chauhan Prince with invading Arab armies. [10]

Jadaun dynasty

The Tomars lost sovereignty to Jadaun Rajputs of Karauli State. The fort at Dholpur was built by Dharmpal Jadaun in 1120 AD. [11] [12]

Mughal period

Dholpur State, part of the Rajputana Agency, 1909 Rajputana 1909.jpg
Dholpur State, part of the Rajputana Agency, 1909

After the battle of Panipat, Babar became the first Mughal ruler of Hindustan. His rule was not a bed of roses in the early years of his reign.

Dholpur was taken by Sikandar Lodi in 1491, who handed it to a Muslim governor in 1504. After the death of Ibrahim Lodi, many states declared themselves independent. Talai Khan became the ruler of Gwalior.

Jat period

After the Mughals, Dholpur was taken successively by the Jat ruler Maharaja Suraj Mal of Bharatpur; by Mirza Najaf Khan in 1775; by the Maratha Scindia ruler of Gwalior in 1782; and finally, by the British East India Company in 1803. It was restored by the British to the Scindias under the Treaty of Sarji Anjangaon, briefly, and was soon reoccupied by the British. In 1805, Dhaulpur came under the Jat ruler, Maharana Kirat Singh of Gohad, a princely state, a vassal of the British during the Raj.

According to the Babur Nama, Babur had a baori built in Dholpur on his last trip to Gwalior, to add to the charghar ("four-gardens") he had already had built there. [13]

British rule and after

One of the few areas of Rajasthan which was in open revolt during the 1857 rebellion was led by a Zamindar who raised an army of three thousand to fight the British [14] During British Raj, it was part of the Rajputana Agency, till the Independence of India. The former mansion of the ruler of the erstwhile Dholpur State, Kesarbagh palace, now houses the Dholpur Military School, while its official residence in New Delhi, Dholpur House, is used by the Union Public Service Commission.

Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Dholpur municipality had a population of 246,489. [2]

As of the 2011 census, Dholpur municipality had a population of 126,142 [15] and the urban agglomeration had a population of 133,229. [3] The municipality had a sex ratio of 862 females per 1,000 males and 13.6% of the population were under six years old. [15] The effective literacy was 76.56%; male literacy was 84.22% and female literacy was 67.74%. [15]

Kesarbagh Palace, now the Dholpur Military School (RJ) MILITARY SCHOOL DHOLPUR.jpg
Kesarbagh Palace, now the Dholpur Military School (RJ)

The local language is Rajasthani, Hindi, Brajbhasha. Dholpur is home to Hindu and Jain communities. [16]

Education

Dholpur Military School is housed in Kesarbagh Palace, a magnificent mansion of the former ruler of the erstwhile Dholpur State. It is 10.5 kilometers away from Dholpur City and on Dholpur-Bari Road.

Govt PG College is located two kilometers away from the city towards the railway station. The PG college in Dholpur city was established four decades ago after independence. Notable alumni include DP Sharma, International Digital Diplomat and National Brand Ambassador, Swachh Bharat Mission, India, and Manoj Rajoria, Member of Parliament, Republic of India.

Climate

Dholpur is reputed to be the location of the highest recorded temperature in India, at 50 °C on 3 June 2017. The hottest months are May and June, which mark the oppressive summer season. Temperatures in summers are normally higher than 40 °C. Coldest months are December and January where temperatures sometimes reach near-zero and subzero levels. The lowest recorded temperature is -4.3 °C on 29 January 2017. [17] Annual average rainfall is 860 mm.

Climate data for Dholpur (1981–2010, extremes 1955–2012)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)32.6
(90.7)		36.8
(98.2)		42.8
(109.0)		47.3
(117.1)		49.8
(121.6)		50.0
(122.0)		46.0
(114.8)		42.2
(108.0)		41.7
(107.1)		41.8
(107.2)		37.7
(99.9)		32.6
(90.7)		50.0
(122.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)22.8
(73.0)		27.5
(81.5)		33.9
(93.0)		40.3
(104.5)		43.1
(109.6)		42.1
(107.8)		36.3
(97.3)		34.3
(93.7)		35.1
(95.2)		35.0
(95.0)		30.5
(86.9)		24.8
(76.6)		33.8
(92.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)7.5
(45.5)		10.7
(51.3)		15.9
(60.6)		22.3
(72.1)		26.8
(80.2)		28.4
(83.1)		26.7
(80.1)		25.3
(77.5)		24.2
(75.6)		18.8
(65.8)		12.9
(55.2)		9.0
(48.2)		19.1
(66.4)
Record low °C (°F)−4.3
(24.3)		0.2
(32.4)		4.0
(39.2)		11.0
(51.8)		16.7
(62.1)		18.4
(65.1)		20.9
(69.6)		17.4
(63.3)		14.9
(58.8)		8.9
(48.0)		3.1
(37.6)		−3.3
(26.1)		−4.3
(24.3)
Average rainfall mm (inches)5.6
(0.22)		9.6
(0.38)		6.3
(0.25)		2.4
(0.09)		12.6
(0.50)		51.6
(2.03)		165.3
(6.51)		210.6
(8.29)		112.8
(4.44)		21.3
(0.84)		6.6
(0.26)		5.6
(0.22)		610.2
(24.02)
Average rainy days0.70.80.70.41.53.38.99.64.80.80.40.432.3
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST)60483625264066736448525950
Source: India Meteorological Department [18] [17]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 "Dholpur". Cityfacts. 2020.
  2. 1 2 "List of cities in Rajasthan". Delhi Metro Times.
  3. 1 2 "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  4. ↑ "maplandia.com". Google. Retrieved 10 October 2014.
  5. ↑ Ramusack, Barbara N. “Like their Phulkian counterparts, the Hindu Jat rulers of Bharatpur and Dholpur claimed Rajput origins. The ruling family of Bharatpur, located southeast of Delhi, reputedly forfeited its Rajput status when an ancestor Bal Chand, having no children by a Rajput wife, produced sons with a Jat woman.” (8 January 2004). The Indian Princes and their States. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-1-139-44908-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑ Jhala, Angma Dey (6 October 2015). Royal Patronage, Power and Aesthetics in Princely India. Routledge. ISBN   978-1-317-31657-2.
  7. ↑ Geographical Facets of Rajasthan. Kuldeep Publications. 1992.
  8. ↑ Sharma, Dasharatha (1975). Early Chauhan Dynasties: A Study of Chauhan Political History, Chauhan Political Institutions and Life in the Chauhan Dominions from 800 to 1316 A. D. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (Pvt. Limited). ISBN   978-81-208-0492-0.
  9. ↑ Encyclopaedia Indica: Rajputs: the culture and society. Anmol Publications. 1999. ISBN   978-81-7041-859-7.
  10. ↑
  11. ↑ Murray (Firm), John (1882). Handbook of the Bengal Presidency: With an Account of Calcutta City. John Murray. pp. 369–370.
  12. ↑ Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan. Rupa & Company. ISBN   978-81-291-0890-6.
  13. ↑ Babur Nama, Penguin, p. 311.
  14. ↑ Pati, B. (2010). The 1857 Rebellion. Oxford India Paperbacks. p.90
  15. 1 2 3 "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  16. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  17. 1 2 "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M179. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  18. ↑ "Station: Dholpur Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 245–246. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
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