Eucalyptus subcrenulata

Last updated

Tasmanian alpine yellow gum
Eucalyptus subcrenulata.jpg
Eucalyptus subcrenulata in Mount Field National Park
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Subgenus: Eucalyptus subg. Symphyomyrtus
Species:
E. subcrenulata
Binomial name
Eucalyptus subcrenulata
E. subcrenulata distinctive younger bark colouration. Eucasubcren.jpg
E. subcrenulata distinctive younger bark colouration.
flower buds Eucasubc 1382.jpg
flower buds
Distinctive white flower clusters Eucasubcucrenulata .jpg
Distinctive white flower clusters

Eucalyptus subcrenulata, commonly known as Tasmanian alpine yellow gum, [2] is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to the highlands of Tasmania. It has smooth bark, glossy green, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical to bell-shaped fruit. It is similar to E. johnstonii , E. vernicosa and E. urnigera .

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus subcrenulata is a tree that typically grows to a height of 18–20 m (59–66 ft), sometimes a tall, straight tree to 60 m (200 ft), and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth, pale grey to brown or yellowish bark, often with horizontal black scars. Young plants and coppice regrowth have stems that are square in cross-section, sometimes with a wing on each corner and sessile leaves, arranged in opposite pairs. These leaves are egg-shaped to round, glossy green, 30–85 mm (1.2–3.3 in) long and 30–50 mm (1.2–2.0 in) wide with small teeth on the edge. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, lance-shaped to egg-shaped, the same shade of glossy green on both sides, 52–135 mm (2.0–5.3 in) long and 20–45 mm (0.79–1.77 in) wide, tapering at the base to a petiole 15–37 mm (0.59–1.46 in) long. The edge of the leaves sometimes have small teeth, the veins are at an angle greater than 45° to midrib and the leaves have a strong spicy aroma when crushed. [2] [3] [4] [5]

The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of three on an unbranched peduncle 2–6 mm (0.079–0.236 in) long, the individual buds sessile. Mature buds are oval, 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long and 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) wide with a rounded to beaked operculum. Flowering occurs from November to May, peaking between January and March, and the flowers are white. The fruit is a sessile, woody, hemispherical to bell-shaped capsule 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long and 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) wide with the valves at rim level or slightly above. [2] [3] [5]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus subcrenulata was first formally described in 1929 by Joseph Maiden and William Blakely in Maiden's book A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus, from specimens he collected near Mount Field East in 1906. [6] [7] The specific epithet (subcrenulata) is derived from the Latin sub- meaning "somewhat" or "not completely" [8] : 507  and crenulatus meaning "having small, rounded teeth", [8] : 393  referring to the leaf edges. [2]

This eucalypt is in the subgenus Symphyomyrtus, section Maidenaria, series Semiunicolores along with two other Tasmanian species, Tasmanian yellow gum ( E. johnstonii ), varnished gum ( E. vernicosa ) and two mainland species, Mt Imlay mallee ( E. imlayensis ) and Nunniong gum ( E. elaeophloia . Eucalypts in section Maidenaria have cotyledons with two lobes, flower buds in leaf axils and with two opercula, stamens with versatile anthers and flattened seeds with a ventral hilum. The species in the series Semiunicoloreshave smooth bark, juvenile leaves mostly arranged in opposite pairs and with toothed margins, glossy green crown leaves, flower buds in threes and sessile fruit. [2]

Eucalyptus johnstonii tends to occur at lower altitudes than E. subcrenulata and E. vernicosa, usually a small-leaved shrub, at the highest. It is also similar to urn gum ( E. urnigera ) in series Orbiculares but that species is distinguished by its urn-shaped fruit. The mainland species have more greyish leaves. [2] [9]

Distribution and habitat

Eucalyptus subcrenulata grows on exposed ridges, plateaus and slopes in subalpine woodland on the central and western highlands of Tasmania, including in the Mount Field National Park and Great Western Tiers. It also occurs with E. coccifera in the more exposed subalpine woodlands. [2] [5]

Use in horticulture

Tasmanian alpine yellow gum grows best in well-drained soil in a sunny location. It is frost resistant but must be kept watered. [10] It is recognised as being very cold-tolerant in both New Zealand and Britain. [11] Evans (1986) even identified E. subcrenulata as being a promising species for planting in milder areas of the United Kingdom. [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Eucalyptus morrisbyi</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus morrisbyi, commonly known as Morrisby's gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to a restricted area of Tasmania. It has loose slabs of rough bark near the base of its trunk, smooth pale grey bark above, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and barrel-shaped or cylindrical fruit. It is only known in the wild from a few small populations but has been widely planted as an ornamental.

<i>Eucalyptus saligna</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus saligna, commonly known as the Sydney blue gum or blue gum, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, flaky bark near the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, nine or eleven, white flowers and cylindrical to conical or cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus pulverulenta</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus pulverulenta, commonly known as silver-leaved mountain gum, is a species of straggly tree or mallee that is endemic to southern New South Wales. It has smooth bark, egg-shaped, heart-shaped or round, sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus rubida</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus rubida, commonly known as candlebark, ribbon gum or white gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with rough bark at the base, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus globulus <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> bicostata</i> Subspecies of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata, commonly known as the southern blue gum, eurabbie, blue gum or Victorian blue gum, is a subspecies of tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has mostly smooth bark with some persistent slabs of old bark at the base, juvenile leaves with one glaucous side, glossy, lance-shaped adult leaves, warty flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical to conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus nitens</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus nitens, commonly known as shining gum or silvertop, is a species of tall tree native to Victoria and eastern New South Wales. It has smooth greyish bark, sometimes with thin, rough bark near the base, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or cylindrical fruit. It grows in wet forests and rainforest margins on fertile soils in cool, high-rainfall areas.

<i>Eucalyptus vernicosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus vernicosa, commonly known as varnished gum, is a species of shrub or a mallee that is endemic to mountainous areas of Tasmania. It has smooth greyish bark, crowded, egg-shaped to elliptical or round leaves, flower buds singly or in groups of three in leaf axils, white flowers and hemispherical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kitsoniana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus kitsoniana, commonly known as the Gippsland mallee or bog gum, is a species of small tree or mallee and is endemic to Victoria. It has mostly smooth bark, a crown containing juvenile, intermediate and adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and sessile, cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus imlayensis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus imlayensis, commonly known as the Mount Imlay mallee, is a species of small, straggly mallee that is endemic to the far south east of New South Wales, only occurring near the summit of Mount Imlay. It has mostly smooth bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped, bell-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus quadrangulata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus quadrangulata, commonly known as the white-topped box or coast white box, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Corymbia henryi</i> Species of plant

Corymbia henryi, commonly known as the large-leaved spotted gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It has smooth, mottled bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white or lemon yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus benthamii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus benthamii, commonly known as Camden white gum, Bentham's gum, Nepean River gum, kayer-ro or durrum-by-ang, is a species of tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has mostly smooth bluish grey or white bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, bell-shaped or conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus denticulata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus denticulata, commonly known as the Errinundra shining gum or shining gum, is a species of tree endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has mostly smooth, white bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves with toothed edges, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or cylindrical fruits. It is similar to E. nitens and was previously included in that species.

<i>Eucalyptus johnstonii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus johnstonii, commonly known as Tasmanian yellow gum, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree endemic to Tasmania. It has smooth yellow to greenish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical or bell-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus quinniorum, commonly known as monkey gum, is a species of mallee or a small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to northern New South Wales. It has smooth bark with persistent, stringy bark near the base, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and hemispherical to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus longicornis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus longicornis, commonly known as red morrel, morryl, poot or pu, is a species of large tree that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous, fissured bark on the trunk, smooth greyish bark above, flower buds in groups of seven or more, white flowers and shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus stricklandii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus stricklandii, commonly known as Strickland's gum, is a species of small tree that is endemic to Western Australia, but possibly also naturalised in Victoria. It has rough, crumbly to flaky bark near the base of the trunk, smooth reddish brown to grey bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, yellow flowers and bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus uncinata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus uncinata, commonly known as the hook-leaved mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of nine to thirteen, creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped to oval or cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus urnigera</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus urnigera, commonly known as urn tree, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to Tasmania. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped or elliptical leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus globulus <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> globulus</i> Subspecies of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus subsp. globulus, commonly known as the Tasmanian blue gum, southern blue gum, or blue gum, is a subspecies of tree that is endemic to southeastern Australia. It has mostly smooth bark with some persistent slabs of old bark at the base, juvenile leaves with one glaucous side, glossy, lance-shaped adult leaves, warty flower buds arranged singly in leaf axils, white flowers and hemispherical to conical fruit that is more or less square in cross-section.

References

  1. ↑ "Eucalyptus subangusta". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Eucalyptus subcrenulata". Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  3. 1 2 "Eucalyptus subcrenulata". Hardy Eucalyptus. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  4. ↑ "Key to Tasmanian Dicots". www.utas.edu.au. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  5. 1 2 3 Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus subcrenulata". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  6. ↑ "Eucalyptus subcrenulata". APNI. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  7. ↑ Maiden, Joseph (1929). A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus. Sydney: New South Wales Government Printer. pp. 59–60. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  8. 1 2 William T. Stearn (1992). Botanical Latin. History, grammar, syntax, terminology and vocabulary (4th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
  9. ↑ Boland, Douglas J.; Brooker, M. Ian H.; Chippendale, George M.; Hall, Norman; Hyland, Bernard P.M.; Johnston, Robert D.; Kleinig, David A.; McDonald, Maurice W.; Turner, John D. (2006). Forest trees of Australia (5th. ed.). Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing. p. 420. ISBN   0643069690.
  10. ↑ "Eucalyptus subcrenulata - Eucalyptus – Australian Seed". www.australianseed.com. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  11. ↑ Purse, John; Leslie, Andrew (1 April 2016). "Eucalyptus - Part 1 Species with forestry potential in the British Isles". Quarterly Journal of Forestry. 110: 88–97.
  12. ↑ Evans, Julian (1 January 1986). "A Reassessment of Cold-Hardy Eucalypts in Great Britain". Forestry. 59 (2): 223–242. doi:10.1093/forestry/59.2.223.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.