Fragaria iturupensis

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Fragaria iturupensis
FragariaIturupensis.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Fragaria
Species:
F. iturupensis
Binomial name
Fragaria iturupensis

Fragaria iturupensis, the Iturup strawberry, is a species of wild strawberry, endemic to Iturup in the Kuril Islands. It is noted to have relatively large berries for a wild species, similar in appearance to those of Fragaria virginiana . [1] [2]

Contents

Polyploidy

All strawberries have a base haploid count of 7 chromosomes. Fragaria iturupensis was initially reported as octoploid (with 8 sets of chromosomes, 56 in total), but subsequent testing [3] found decaploids (with ten sets of chromosomes, a total of 70). It is unclear whether the earlier report was an error, or whether two forms exist. [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Fragaria</i> Genus of strawberry plants

Fragaria is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits. There are more than 20 described species and many hybrids and cultivars. The most common strawberries grown commercially are cultivars of the garden strawberry, a hybrid known as Fragaria × ananassa. Strawberries have a taste that varies by cultivar, and ranges from quite sweet to rather tart. Strawberries are an important commercial fruit crop, widely grown in all temperate regions of the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iturup</span> Largest of the Kuril Islands

Iturup, also historically known by other names, is an island in the Kuril Archipelago separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the North Pacific Ocean. The town of Kurilsk, administrative center of Kurilsky District, is located roughly midway along its western shore. Iturup is the largest and northernmost of the southern Kurils, ownership of which is disputed between Japan and Russia. It is located between Kunashiri 19 km (12 mi) to its southwest and Urup 37 km (23 mi) to its northeast. The Vries Strait between Iturup and Urup forms the Miyabe Line dividing the predominant plants of the Kurils.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strawberry</span> Edible fruit

The garden strawberry is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus Fragaria in the rose family, Rosaceae, collectively known as the strawberries, which are cultivated worldwide for their fruit. The fruit is widely appreciated for its characteristic aroma, bright red color, juicy texture, and sweetness. It is consumed in large quantities, either fresh or in such prepared foods as jam, juice, pies, ice cream, milkshakes, and chocolates. Artificial strawberry flavorings and aromas are also widely used in products such as candy, soap, lip gloss, perfume, and many others.

<i>Fragaria virginiana</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria virginiana, known as Virginia strawberry, wild strawberry, common strawberry, or mountain strawberry, is a North American strawberry that grows across much of the United States and southern Canada. It is one of the two species of wild strawberry that were hybridized to create the modern domesticated garden strawberry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Musk strawberry</span> Species of fruit and plant

The musk strawberry or hautbois strawberry, is a species of strawberry native to Europe. Its French name hautbois strawberry may be anglicised as hautboy strawberry. The plants are hardy and can survive in many weather conditions. They are cultivated commercially on a small scale, particularly in Italy. The fruit are small and round; they are used in the gourmet community for their intense aroma and flavour, which has been compared to a mixture of regular strawberry, raspberry and pineapple. Popular cultivated varieties include 'Capron' and 'Profumata di Tortona'.

<i>Fragaria vesca</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria vesca, commonly called the wild strawberry, woodland strawberry, Alpine strawberry, Carpathian strawberry or European strawberry, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the rose family that grows naturally throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere, and that produces edible fruits.

<i>Fragaria <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> vescana</i> Hybrid strawberry

Fragaria × vescana is a hybrid strawberry cultivar that was created in an effort to combine the best traits of the garden strawberry, which has large berries and vigorous plants, with the woodland strawberry, which has an exquisite flavour, but small berries. Plants of the World Online considers it an unplaced taxon – "names that cannot be accepted, nor can they be put into synonymy."

<i>Fragaria chiloensis</i> Species of plant

Fragaria chiloensis, the beach strawberry, Chilean strawberry, or coastal strawberry, is one of two species of wild strawberry that were hybridized to create the modern garden strawberry. It is native to the Pacific Ocean coasts of North and South America.

<i>Fragaria iinumae</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria iinumae is a species of strawberry native to Japan and eastern Russia.

<i>Fragaria nipponica</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria nipponica is a species of wild strawberry native to the western side of the Japanese island of Honshū, with a variety Fragaria nipponica var. yakusimensis on Yakushima. Some botanists treat it as a synonym of Fragaria yezoensis.

<i>Fragaria viridis</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria viridis, commonly called creamy strawberry or green strawberry is a species of strawberry native to Europe and central Asia. It has fruits with fine flavour. They have surprisingly little of the usual strawberry aroma, but a refreshing acidity, and sometimes ripen without becoming red. When they are plucked from the plant, the calyx will usually adhere and they will detach with a noticeable snapping sound.

<i>Fragaria daltoniana</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria daltoniana is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is a strawberry native to the Himalayas. Its fruit has a poor flavor, and is of no commercial value.

<i>Fragaria moupinensis</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria moupinensis is a species of wild strawberry native to China. It is similar in appearance to F. nilgerrensis.

<i>Fragaria nilgerrensis</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria nilgerrensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is a wild strawberry native to southern and southeast Asia. Its fruit are white to light pink, with poor flavour, and the fruit is of no commercial value. It is similar in appearance to F. moupinensis.

<i>Fragaria nubicola</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria nubicola is a species of wild strawberry native to the Himalayas. It is of no commercial value.

Fragaria × bringhurstii is a naturally occurring hybrid species of wild strawberry native to the West Coast of the United States. The species results from the natural intercrossing of Fragaria vesca and Fragaria chiloensis, native species whose ranges overlap in that region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Breeding of strawberries</span> Artificial selection of Fragaria

The breeding of strawberries started with the selection and cultivation of European strawberry species in western Europe in the 15th century while a similar discovery and cultivation occurred in Chile. The most commonly consumed strawberry species in modern times is the garden strawberry, a species derived from hybridization of two other species, with the scientific name Fragaria × ananassa, but there are many species of strawberries, several others of which are cultivated to some extent. The strawberry species fall into several different genetic types, based on their number of chromosomes. Strawberry growers have employed many breeding techniques, starting with traditional plant breeding and then moving on to molecular breeding and genetic engineering in the 20th century.

<i>Fragaria cascadensis</i> Species of strawberry

Fragaria cascadensis is a species of strawberry found in the Cascades Mountains described in 2012. The vernacular name Cascade strawberry was suggested by the describing author.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of strawberries</span>

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to strawberries:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strawberry cultivation in California</span>

Strawberries in the United States are almost entirely grown in California – 86% of fresh and 98% of frozen in 2017 – with Florida a distant second. Of that 30.0% was from Monterey, 28.6% from Ventura, 20.0% from Santa Barbara, 10.0% from San Luis Obispo, and 9.2% from Santa Cruz. The Watsonville/Salinas strawberry zone in Santa Cruz/Monterey, and the Oxnard zone in Ventura, contribute heavily to those concentrations.

References

  1. Hummer, K.E., Sabitov, A., & Davis, T. 2005. Iturup And Sakhalin Island Strawberries. HortScience 40(4): 1127. Abstract
  2. "Fragaria iturupensis". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  3. 1 2 Hummer, K.E.; Nathewet, P.; Yanagi, T. (2009). Decaploidy in Fragaria iturupensis (Rosaceae). American Journal of Botany. 96(3): 713–716.