| Galene Temporal range: | |
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| Fossil of Galene granulifera from Pliocene of Taiwan | |
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| Genus: | Galene De Haan, 1833 |
Galene is a genus of crabs belonging to the family Galenidae.
Fossils of Galene are found in marine strata from the Langhian to Quaternary (age range: from 15.97 to 0.012 million years ago.). Fossils are known from Iran, Malaysia, New Zealand and Taiwan. [1] [2] Recently, a new species of this crab named Galene dashtbani one of the oldest descendants of this genus, which is about 15 million years old, has been identified from Iran. [2]
Species within this genus include: [1]
The Achelata is an infra-order of the decapod crustaceans, holding the spiny lobsters, slipper lobsters and their fossil relatives.
Cancer is a genus of marine crabs in the family Cancridae. It includes eight extant species and three extinct species, including familiar crabs of the littoral zone, such as the European edible crab, the Jonah crab and the red rock crab. It is thought to have evolved from related genera in the Pacific Ocean in the Miocene.
The Ocypodidae are a family of semiterrestrial crabs that includes the ghost crabs and fiddler crabs. They are found on tropical and temperate shorelines around the world.
Hymenosomatidae is a family of crabs with some 110 described species in 24 genera. The following genera are placed in the Hymenosomatidae:
Cancridae is a family of crabs. It comprises six extant genera, and ten exclusively fossil genera, in two subfamilies:
The Grapsoidea are a superfamily of crabs; they are well known and contain many taxa which are terrestrial (land-living), semiterrestrial, or limnic. Another well-known member with a more conventional lifestyle is the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis.
Cancroidea is a superfamily of crabs, comprising the families Atelecyclidae and Cancridae. Four other families have been separated into new superfamilies: Cheiragonidae into Cheiragonoidea, Corystidae into Corystoidea, and both Pirimelidae and Thiidae into Portunoidea. Montezumellidae has been moved from Cancroidea to his own Superfamily Montezumelloidea Ossó & Domínguez, 2019.
Goneplacidae is a family of crabs of the order Decapoda and the superfamily Goneplacoidea. It includes the following genera:
Hexapodidae is a family of crabs, the only family in the superfamily Hexapodoidea. It has traditionally been treated as a subfamily of the family Goneplacidae, and was originally described as a subfamily of Pinnotheridae. Its members can be distinguished from all other true crabs by the reduction of the thorax, such that only seven sternites are exposed, and only four pairs of pereiopods are present. Not counting the enlarged pair of claws, this leaves only six walking legs, from which the type genus Hexapus, and therefore the whole family, takes its name. Some anomuran "crabs", such as porcelain crabs and king crabs also have only four visible pairs of legs. With the exception of Stevea williamsi, from Mexico, all the extant members are found either in the Indo-Pacific oceans, or around the coast of Africa.
Metacarcinus is a genus of crabs formerly included in the genus Cancer. It includes nine exclusively fossil species and five extant species, of which four are also known from the fossil record. A molecular study using the cytochrome oxidase I gene does not support the monophyly of this genus.
Cheiragonidae is a small family of crabs, sometimes called helmet crabs, placed in its own superfamily, Cheriagonoidea. It comprises three extant species, Erimacrus isenbeckii, Telmessus acutidens and Telmessus cheiragonus, there are no yet evidences of Cheiragonidae in the fossil record. Many of these crabs were formerly treated as members of the Atelecyclidae.
Goneplacoidea is a superfamily of crabs containing 11 extant families, and two families known only from fossils.
Acantholambrus is an extinct genus of crab. It contains the single species Acantholambrus baumi, and was named by Blow and Manning in 1996.
Actinotocarcinus is an extinct genus of Miocene crab, and is the only genus in the subfamily Actinotocarcininae of the family Epialtidae, though was originally classified in the family Majidae. Actinotocarcinus comprises two species, A. chidgeyi, and A. maclauchlani, both from Miocene-aged marine strata of New Zealand.
Dakoticancroidea is a superfamily of fossil crabs, containing six species in five genera, divided into two families. The family Dakoticancridae is only known from North American rocks of Late Cretaceous age, while the single species in the Ibericancridae was found in Spain.
Xantho is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing five extant species, all restricted to the north-east Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, although Xantho granulicarpis is not universally recognised as a separate species from Xantho hydrophilus:
The Galatheoidea are a superfamily of decapod crustaceans comprising the porcelain crabs and some squat lobsters. Squat lobsters within the three families of the superfamily Chirostyloidea are not closely related to the squat lobsters within the Galatheoidea. The fossil record of the superfamily extends back to the Middle Jurassic genus Palaeomunidopsis.
Speocarcinus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing six extant species, one fossil species from the Late Miocene, one fossil species from the Eocene (Lutetian) and one fossil species from the Early Eocene (Ypresian):
Galenidae is a family of crabs, one of three in the superfamily Pilumnoidea. It contains four genera, three of which are monotypic. At present five species have been described in this family.
Corazzatocarcinus is an extinct genus of Cretaceous crabs. This genus include the species Corazzatocarcinus hadjoulae Roger 1946.
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