Galinsoga quadriradiata | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Asteraceae |
Genus: | Galinsoga |
Species: | G. quadriradiata |
Binomial name | |
Galinsoga quadriradiata | |
Synonyms [1] | |
Synonymy
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Galinsoga quadriradiata is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae which is known by several common names, including shaggy soldier, [2] [3] Peruvian daisy, hairy galinsoga. Its native home is apparently central Mexico, although it has become naturalized in many other places (North and South America, Europe, Japan, Philippines, the northern India, Nepal, etc.). [4] [5]
Galinsoga quadriradiata is an annual herb which varies in appearance. The main stem reaches anywhere from 10 to 60 centimeters (4-24 inches) in height and may branch or not. The petioled leaves are ovate and serrated are opposite branching, and covered coarse, hispid [6] hairs. The roots form a fibrous root system. [7]
The small flower heads are up to a centimeter wide (0.4 inches) but typically 2-3mm in diameter and have rounded center filled with many disc florets usually in a shade of bright yellow. There are typically five white ray florets widely spaced around the center, each an oval shape typically with three crenate teeth at the tip. Both the disk and ray florets are fertile [7] producing an achene with a large pappus. [4] [8] [5]
Shaggy soldier is usually a hairy plant, whereas the otherwise similar gallant soldier tends to be more-or-less hairless, but these characters are insufficient for accurate identification. To be confident, it is important to check (with a hand lens) that shaggy soldier has simple (not forked) scales on the receptacle, and scales in the pappus with hairy margins and a long, thin point at the top. [9]
Galinsoga quadriradiata and its cousin Galinsoga parviflora are both edible and can be used as a pot herb or in salads, although outside of their native range they have not been widely adopted as a culinary item other than in China. G. parviflora is preferred as a salad green due to its non-hairy leaves. Care must be taken to not confuse them with the distantly related, and visually similar, Tridax procumbens .
Galinsoga parviflora is a species of herbaceous plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It has several common names including guasca (Colombia), pacpa yuyo, paco yuyo, and waskha (Peru), burrionera (Ecuador), albahaca silvestre and saetilla (Argentina), mielcilla, piojito, galinsoga, gallant soldier, quickweed, and potato weed.
Galinsoga is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North and South America and the West Indies, and naturalized in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia.
Erigeron compactus is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names cushion daisy, fernleaf fleabane, and compact daisy.
Hulsea algida is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family, known by the common name Pacific hulsea or alpine gold. It is native to the western United States.
Hulsea brevifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name shortleaf alpinegold, or shortleaf hulsea. It is endemic to California, where it is an uncommon resident of the High Sierra. It is found between 6,000–8,000 feet (1,800–2,400 m) in elevation.
Chaenactis artemisiifolia, with the common name white pincushion, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is native to the coastal Peninsular Ranges of Southern California and Baja California, in the chaparral and woodlands.
Calycadenia fremontii is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name Frémont's western rosinweed. It is native to southwestern Oregon and northern California. It is a common member of the flora in several types of habitat in the mountains, foothills, and valleys. This annual plant is variable in appearance.
Calycadenia multiglandulosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common names sticky calycadenia and sticky western rosinweed. It is endemic to California, where it is a common in the Coast Ranges and in the Sierra Nevada Foothills from Shasta County to Kern County.
Calycadenia spicata is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name spiked western rosinweed. It is endemic to central California, where is a common grassland plant in the Central Valley and adjacent Sierra Nevada foothills from Butte County to Kern County.
Calycadenia villosa is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name dwarf western rosinweed. It is endemic to central California, where it is known from a limited distribution in the Central Coast Ranges in Monterey County and San Luis Obispo County, with a few populations in Santa Barbara and western Fresno Counties. There are perhaps 16 occurrences.
Erigeron aequifolius is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Hall's daisy and Hall's fleabane.
Erigeron miser is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names starved daisy or starved fleabane. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the northern High Sierra Nevada.
Erigeron petrophilus is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names rockloving erigeron or cliff fleabane. It is native to the mountain ranges of California from Siskiyou County south as far as San Luis Obispo County and El Dorado County. It also grows in southwestern Oregon.
Erigeron sanctarum is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names saints fleabane and saints daisy. It is endemic to California, where it is known from San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties including two of the Channel Islands.
Erigeron supplex is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names supple daisy or supple fleabane. It grows along the coastline and in the Coast Ranges in California, north of San Francisco Bay. It probably remains only in Sonoma and Marin Counties. There is a report of it growing well inland in Shasta County, but this is from a farm and probably a cultivated specimen.
Madia glomerata is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name mountain tarweed.
Raillardella pringlei is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name showy raillardella.
Townsendia leptotes is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names common Townsend daisy and slender townsendia. It is native to the western United States, where it grows in the alpine climates of high mountain ranges from California to Montana to New Mexico.
Townsendia scapigera is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name tufted Townsend daisy. It is native to the western United States, where it grows in mountains, sagebrush, and other habitat.
Arnica lanceolata is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common name clasping arnica or lanceleaf arnica. It has a disjunct (discontinuous) distribution in western North America and northeastern North America.