Gastrolobium

Last updated

Gastrolobium
Gastrolobium celsianum 01.jpg
Gastrolobium celsianum (Swan River pea)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Clade: Mirbelioids
Genus: Gastrolobium
R.Br. (1811)
Type species
Gastrolobium bilobum
R.Br.
Groups and species

See text

Synonyms [1]
  • BrachysemaR.Br. (1811)
  • CryptosemaMeisn. (1848)
  • CupulanthusHutch. (1964)
  • Jansonia Kippist (1847)
  • NemciaDomin (1923)
  • PontaniaLem. (1844)

Gastrolobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.

Contents

A significant number of the species accumulate monofluoroacetate (the key ingredient of the poison known commonly as 1080), which caused introduced/non native animal deaths from the 1840s in Western Australia. The controversy over the cause of the stock poisoning in that time involved the botanist James Drummond in a series of tests to ascertain the cause of the poisoning, which was determined to be caused primarily by the plants York Road poison (G. calycinum) and Champion Bay poison (G. oxylobioides). [2] [3]

In the 1930s and 1940s C.A. Gardner and H.W. Bennetts identified other species in Western Australia, leading to the publication of The Toxic Plants of Western Australia in 1956. [4]

The base chromosome number of Gastrolobium is 2n = 16. [5]

Species

Gastrolobium comprises the following species: [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]

Gastrolobium bilobum Group

Gastrolobium parviflorum Subgroup

Gastrolobium calycinum Group

Gastrolobium celsianum Group

Gastrolobium cruciatum Group

Gastrolobium floribundum Group

Gastrolobium heterophyllum Group

Gastrolobium ilicifolium Group

Gastrolobium obovatum Group

Gastrolobium pyramidale Group

Gastrolobium retusum Group

Gastrolobium spinosum Group

Gastrolobium villosum Group

Incertae Sedis

Species names with uncertain taxonomic status

The status of the following species is unresolved: [6] [9] [10]

See also

Notes

  1. Gastrolobium callistachys was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.
  2. Gastrolobium graniticum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
  3. Gastrolobium hamulosum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
  4. Gastrolobium rigidum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.
  5. Gastrolobium glaucum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
  6. Gastrolobium pycnostachyum is a Priority 2 species. See FloraBase.
  7. Gastrolobium tomentosum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.

Related Research Articles

<i>Aotus</i> (plant) Genus of legumes

Aotus is an Australian genus of flowering plants, within the legume family Fabaceae. Aotus species, together with other species of the tribe Mirbelieae, are often called golden peas because of their distinctive small yellow flowers. They are endemic to Australia, occurring in all states except the Northern Territory. Aotus are evergreen species. Some are widely cultivated by gardeners for their ornamental value.

<i>Darwinia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Darwinia, sometimes commonly known as mountain bells or simply bells, is a genus of about 70 species of evergreen shrubs in the family Myrtaceae, endemic to southeastern and southwestern Australia. The majority are native to southern Western Australia, but a few species occur in South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria. The genus was named in honour of Erasmus Darwin, grandfather of Charles Darwin by Edward Rudge in 1816. Most darwinias grow to a height of between 0.2 and 3 m, and many are prostrate shrubs. Most have small, simple leaves and the flowers are often grouped together, each flower with five red, white or greenish petals and ten stamens. In many species, the flowers are surrounded by large, colourful bracts, giving rise to their common names.

<i>Hakea</i> Genus of plants in the family Proteaceae endemic to Australia

Hakea is a genus of about 150 species of plants in the Family Proteaceae, endemic to Australia. They are shrubs or small trees with leaves that are sometimes flat, otherwise circular in cross section in which case they are sometimes divided. The flowers are usually arranged in groups in leaf axils and resemble those of other genera, especially Grevillea. Hakeas have woody fruit which distinguishes them from grevilleas which have non-woody fruit which release the seeds as they mature. Hakeas are found in every state of Australia with the highest species diversity being found in the south west of Western Australia.

<i>Pimelea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Pimelea, commonly known as rice flowers, is a genus of plants belonging to the family Thymelaeaceae. There are about 150 species, including 110 in Australia and 36 in New Zealand.

<i>Chorizema</i> Genus of legumes

Chorizema, commonly known as flame peas, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to Australia.

<i>Mirbelia</i> Genus of legumes

Mirbelia is a plant genus belonging to the family Fabaceae and is endemic to Australia, occurring in every mainland state except South Australia. Plants in the genus Mirbelia are prickly, perennial shrubs with simple, sometimes sharply-pointed leaves, or the leaves absent. The flowers are arranged singly or in groups in leaf axils or on the ends of branches, the sepals joined at the base with five teeth. The petals are usually red, orange, purplish or bluish and the fruit is an inflated pod.

<i>Thomasia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Thomasia is a genus of thirty-one species of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae. Plants in this genus are small shrubs that are endemic to the south-west of Western Australia, apart from T. petalocalyx that is native to Victoria and South Australia. The leaves are simple with leaf-like stipules at the base of the petiole, the flowers bisexual with five papery, petal-like sepals, usually five petals and five stamens opposite the petals. The fruit is a capsule covered with star-like hairs.

<i>Jacksonia</i> (plant) Genus of legumes

Jacksonia is a genus of about forty, mostly leafless broom-like shrubs or small trees in the flowering plant family Fabaceae. The genus is endemic to Australia and species occur in a range of habitats in all Australian states except South Australia.

<i>Bossiaea</i> Genus of legumes

Bossiaea is a genus of about 78 species of flowering plants in the pea family Fabaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in this genus often have stems and branches modified as cladodes, simple, often much reduced leaves, flowers with the upper two sepal lobes larger than the lower three, usually orange to yellow petals with reddish markings, and the fruit a more or less flattened pod.

<i>Petrophile</i> Genus of shrubs in the family Proteaceae

Petrophile is a genus of evergreen shrubs, in the family Proteaceae. The genus is endemic to Australia. Commonly known as conebushes, they typically have prickly, divided foliage and produce prominently-displayed pink, yellow or cream flowers followed by grey, conical fruits.

<i>Gastrolobium bilobum</i> Species of plant

Gastrolobium bilobum, commonly known as heart-leaved poison, is a bushy shrub which is endemic to south west Western Australia.

<i>Gastrolobium celsianum</i> Species of legume

Gastrolobium celsianum, the Swan River pea, is a low-growing shrub which is endemic to Western Australia.

<i>Daviesia</i> Genus of plants

Daviesia, commonly known as bitter-peas, is a genus of about 130 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Daviesia are shrubs or small trees with leaves modified as phyllodes or reduced to scales. The flowers are arranged singly or in groups, usually in leaf axils, the sepals joined at the base with five teeth, the petals usually yellowish with reddish markings and the fruit a pod.

<i>Calytrix</i> Genus of flowering plants

Calytrix is a genus of shrubs in the family Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1806. They are commonly known as starflowers. Calytrix are endemic to Australia, occurring in the.

<i>Gastrolobium lehmannii</i> Species of legume

Gastrolobium lehmannii, the Cranbrook pea, is a vulnerable shrub in the family Fabaceae which is endemic to an area of Western Australia.

<i>Isotropis</i> Genus of legumes

Isotropis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. The genus is endemic to Australia.

References

  1. Gastrolobium R.Br. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  2. Aplin TEH (1967), York road poison and box poison, Western Australian Department of Agriculture, retrieved 1 November 2016
  3. "Champion Bay Poison". Western Mail. Vol. XLIII, no. 2, 231. Western Australia. 15 November 1928. p. 42. Retrieved 1 November 2016 via National Library of Australia.
  4. Gardner CA, Bennetts HW, Gardner C, Bennetts H (1956), The toxic plants of Western Australia, West Australian Newspapers, Periodicals Division, retrieved 1 November 2016
  5. Sands VE (1975). "The cytoevolution of the Australian Papilionaceae". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 100: 118–155.
  6. 1 2 Chandler GT, Crisp MD, Cayzer LW, Bayer RJ (2002). "Monograph of Gastrolobium (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae)" (PDF). Australian Systematic Botany . 15 (5): 619–739. doi:10.1071/SB01010.
  7. Chandler GT, Bayer RJ, Crisp MD (2001). "A molecular phylogeny of the endemic Australian genus Gastrolobium (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae) and allied genera using chloroplast and nuclear markers". Am J Bot . 88 (9): 1675–1687. doi: 10.2307/3558413 . JSTOR   3558413. PMID   21669702.
  8. "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Gastrolobium". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  9. 1 2 USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Gastrolobium". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  10. 1 2 "The Plant List entry for Gastrolobium". The Plant List . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2017.

Further reading