Gliese 445

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Gliese 445
PIA17461 Heading toward Gliese 445 (annotated).jpg
Image of AC +79 3888 (circled), also known as Gliese 445, located 17.1 light-years from Earth
Credit: Caltech/Palomar
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0        Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Camelopardalis
Right ascension 11h 47m 41.3885s [1]
Declination +78° 41′ 28.179″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.80 [2]
Characteristics
Spectral type M4.0Ve [3]
B−V color index 1.572 [2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−111.707 [1]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 748.111 [1]   mas/yr
Dec.: 480.804 [1]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)190.3251 ± 0.0194  mas [4]
Distance 17.137 ± 0.002  ly
(5.2542 ± 0.0005  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)12.227 [5]
Details
Mass 0.14 [6]   M☉
Radius 0.285 [5]   R☉
Luminosity 0.008 [7]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.72 [7]   cgs
Temperature 3,507 [1]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.30 [5]   dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)<2.5 [8]  km/s
Other designations
Gliese 445, Gl 445, G 254-29, AC+79 3888, HIP 57544, LFT 849, LHS 2459, LTT 13235, NLTT 28539, PLX 2722 [9]
Database references
SIMBAD data
ARICNS data
Camelopardalis constellation map.svg
Red pog.png
Gliese 445
Location of Gliese 445 in the constellation Camelopardalis

Gliese 445 (Gl 445 or AC +79 3888) is an M-type main sequence star in the northern part of the constellation Camelopardalis.

Contents

Location

Distances of the nearest stars from 20,000 years ago until 80,000 years in the future Near-stars-past-future-en.svg
Distances of the nearest stars from 20,000 years ago until 80,000 years in the future

Gliese 445 is currently 17.1 light-years from Earth and has an apparent magnitude of 10.8. It is visible all night long from locations north of the Tropic of Cancer, but not to the naked eye. [10] Because the star is a red dwarf with a mass only a quarter to a third of that of the Sun, scientists question the ability of this system to support life. [10] Gliese 445 is also a known X-ray source. [11]

The Voyager 1 probe will pass within 1.6 light-years of Gliese 445 in about 40,000 years. [12]

Solar encounter

While the Voyager probe moves through space towards a 1.6-light-year minimum distance from Gliese 445, the star is rapidly approaching the Sun. At the time the probe passes Gliese 445, the star will be about 1.059 parsecs (3.45 light-years) from the Sun, [13] but with less than half the brightness necessary to be seen with the naked eye. [10] At that time, Gliese 445 will be approximately tied with Ross 248 for being the closest star to the Sun (see List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs#Distant future and past encounters).

See also

Related Research Articles

Ross 248, also called HH Andromedae or Gliese 905, is a small star approximately 10.30 light-years from Earth in the northern constellation of Andromeda. Despite its proximity it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. It was first catalogued by Frank Elmore Ross in 1926 with his second list of proper-motion stars; on which count it ranks 261st in the SIMBAD database. It was too dim to be included in the Hipparcos survey. In about 40,000 years, Voyager 2 will pass 1.7 light-years from the star.

Gliese 674(GJ 674) is a small red dwarf star with an exoplanetary companion in the southern constellation of Ara. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 9.38 and an absolute magnitude of 11.09. The system is located at a distance of 14.8 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −2.9 km/s. It is a candidate member of the 200 million year old Castor stream of co-moving stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gliese 105</span> Triple star system in the constellation Cetus

Gliese 105 is a triple star system in the constellation of Cetus. It is located relatively near the Sun at a distance of 23.6 light-years. Despite this, even the brightest component is barely visible with the unaided eye (see Bortle scale). No planets have yet been detected around any of the stars in this system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HR 511</span> Star in the constellation Cassiopeia

HR 511 is an orange dwarf of spectral type K0V in the constellation Cassiopeia. With an apparent magnitude of 5.63, it is faintly visible to the naked eye. The star is relatively close, 32.8 light years from the Sun.

Gliese 849, or GJ 849, is a small, solitary star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It has a reddish hue and is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 10.41. The distance to this star is 28.8 light-years based on parallax, but it is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −15.3 km/s. It has a pair of confirmed gas giant companions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">V538 Aurigae</span> Star in constellation Auriga

V538 Aurigae is a single star in the northern constellation of Auriga. With an apparent visual magnitude of 6.23, this star requires good dark sky conditions to view with the naked eye. It is located at a distance of 40.0 light-years (12.3 pc) from Sun based on parallax. The star is drifting further away with a radial velocity of 0.9 km/s. It is a member of the Local Association, and is most likely a thin disk star.

GJ 3379 is the nearest star in the Orion constellation, located at a distance of 17 light years from the Sun based on parallax. It is a single star with an apparent visual magnitude of +11.31 and an absolute magnitude of +12.71, therefore, the star is not visible with the naked eye. It is positioned in the upper left part of the Orion constellation, to the SSE of Betelgeuse. This star is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +30.0 kilometers per second. In the past, this star had a relatively close encounter with the Solar System. Some 161,000±6,000 years ago, it achieved a minimum distance of 4.08 ± 0.20 ly (1.25 ± 0.06 pc).

Gliese 433 is a dim red dwarf star with multiple exoplanetary companions, located in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. The system is located at a distance of 29.6 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and it is receding with a radial velocity of +18 km/s. Based on its motion through space, this is an old disk star. It is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 9.81 and an absolute magnitude of 10.07.

HIP 12961 is a star with an exoplanetary companion in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, with an apparent visual magnitude of 10.24. The distance to this system can be estimated from its parallax measurements, which yield a separation of 76.4 light-years from the Sun. It is receding with a radial velocity of +33 km/s and has a high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.300″ yr−1.

Gliese 649 is a small star with an orbiting exoplanet in the constellation Hercules. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 9.7, which is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. The system is located at a distance of 33.9 light years based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of 3.8 km/s.

Gliese 163 is a faint red dwarf star with multiple exoplanetary companions in the southern constellation of Dorado. Other stellar catalog names for it include HIP 19394 and LHS 188. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 11.79 and an absolute magnitude of 10.91. This system is located at a distance of 49.4 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements. Judging by its space velocity components, it is most likely a thick disk star.

Gliese 754 is a dim star in the southern constellation of Telescopium. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 12.25, which requires a telescope to view. The star is located at a distance of 19.3 light-years from the Sun based on parallax, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +7 km/s. It is one of the hundred closest stars to the Solar System. Calculations of its orbit around the Milky Way showed that it is eccentric, and indicate that it might be a thick disk object.

GJ 3323 is a nearby single star located in the equatorial constellation Eridanus, about 0.4° to the northwest of the naked eye star Psi Eridani. It is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude 12.20. Parallax measurements give a distance estimate of 17.5 light-years from the Sun. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +42.3 km/s. Roughly 104,000 years ago, the star is believed to have come to within 7.34 ± 0.16 light-years of the Solar System.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gliese 402</span> Star in the constellation Leo

Gliese 402 is a star located 22.7 light years from the Solar System. Located in the constellation of Leo, it is also known as Wolf 358 from its entry in Max Wolf's star catalogue. The stars nearest to Gliese 402 are Gliese 393, at 3.43 light years, Gliese 408, at 6.26 light years, and Gliese 382 at 6.66 light years.

Gliese 880 is a red dwarf star in the northern constellation of Pegasus that may host an exoplanetary companion. No stellar companions to Gliese 880 have been discovered as of 2020.

Gliese 54 is a star near the Solar System located at 25.7 light years away. It is located in the constellation of Tucana, close to the edge, almost in the neighboring Hydrus. It is below the threshold of brightness to be observable to the naked eye with an apparent magnitude of +9.80.

Gliese 49 is a star in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. Visually, it is located 106 arcminutes north of the bright star γ Cassiopeiae. With an apparent visual magnitude of 9.56, it is not observable with the naked eye. It is located, based on the reduction of parallax data of Gaia, 32.1 light-years away from the Solar System. The star is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −6 km/s.

Gliese 328, also known as BD+02 2098, is a M-type main-sequence star located 66.9 light-years away in the constellation Hydra. Its surface temperature is 3989 K. Gliese 328 is depleted in heavy elements compared to the Sun, with a metallicity Fe/H index of −0.13. The age of the star is unknown. Gliese 328 exhibits an activity cycle similar to that of the Sun, with a period around 2000 d.

Gliese 514, also known as BD+11 2576 or HIP 65859, is a M-type main-sequence star, in the constellation Virgo 24.85 light-years away from the Sun. The proximity of Gliese 514 to the Sun was known exactly since 1988.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WD 0810–353</span> White dwarf star in the constellation Puppis

WD 0810-353 is a white dwarf currently located 36 light-years from the Solar System. This stellar remnant may approach the Solar System 29,000 years from now at a distance of around 0.15 parsecs, 0.49 light-years or 31,000 AU from the Sun, crossing well within the proposed boundaries of the Oort cloud. Such close proximity will almost certainly make its flyby the closest in the future, until the flyby of Gliese 710 occurs around 1.14 million years after the dwarf's flyby.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 Urban, S. E.; Zacharias, N.; Wycoff, G. L.; Observatory, U. S. Naval; Washington, D. C. (2004). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: The UCAC2 Bright Star Supplement (Urban+, 2006)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog. Bibcode:2004yCat.1294....0U.
  3. ↑ Lépine, Sébastien; Hilton, Eric J.; Mann, Andrew W.; Wilde, Matthew; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Cruz, Kelle L.; Gaidos, Eric (2013). "A Spectroscopic Catalog of the Brightest (J < 9) M Dwarfs in the Northern Sky". The Astronomical Journal. 145 (4): 102. arXiv: 1206.5991 . Bibcode:2013AJ....145..102L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/145/4/102. S2CID   117144290.
  4. ↑ Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 649: A1. arXiv: 2012.01533 . Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657 . S2CID   227254300. (Erratum:  doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. 1 2 3 Houdebine, Éric R.; Mullan, D. J.; Doyle, J. G.; de la Vieuville, Geoffroy; Butler, C. J.; Paletou, F. (2019). "The Mass-Activity Relationships in M and K Dwarfs. I. Stellar Parameters of Our Sample of M and K Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (2): 56. arXiv: 1905.07921 . Bibcode:2019AJ....158...56H. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab23fe . S2CID   159041104.
  6. ↑ Gaidos, E.; Mann, A. W.; Lépine, S.; Buccino, A.; James, D.; Ansdell, M.; Petrucci, R.; Mauas, P.; Hilton, E. J. (2014). "Trumpeting M dwarfs with CONCH-SHELL: A catalogue of nearby cool host-stars for habitable exoplanets and life". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 443 (3): 2561. arXiv: 1406.7353 . Bibcode:2014MNRAS.443.2561G. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stu1313 . S2CID   119234492.
  7. 1 2 McDonald, I.; Zijlstra, A. A.; Watson, R. A. (2017). "Fundamental parameters and infrared excesses of Tycho-Gaia stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 471 (1): 770. arXiv: 1706.02208 . Bibcode:2017MNRAS.471..770M. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stx1433 . S2CID   73594365.
  8. ↑ Stelzer, B.; Marino, A.; Micela, G.; López-Santiago, J.; Liefke, C. (2013). "The UV and X-ray activity of the M dwarfs within 10 pc of the Sun". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 431 (3): 2063. arXiv: 1302.1061 . Bibcode:2013MNRAS.431.2063S. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stt225 . S2CID   119193975.
  9. ↑ "GJ 445". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved July 29, 2008.
  10. 1 2 3 Mark Littmann (1 January 2004). Planets Beyond: Discovering the Outer Solar System. Courier Corporation. ISBN   978-0-486-43602-9.
  11. ↑ Schmitt JHMM; Fleming TA; Giampapa MS (September 1995). "The X-Ray View of the Low-Mass Stars in the Solar Neighborhood". Astrophys. J. 450 (9): 392–400. Bibcode:1995ApJ...450..392S. doi: 10.1086/176149 .
  12. ↑ "NASA – Voyager - Mission - Interstellar Mission". Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Archived from the original on 2009-10-15. Retrieved 2020-04-03.
  13. ↑ Bobylev, Vadim V. (March 2010). "Searching for Stars Closely Encountering with the Solar System". Astronomy Letters. 36 (3): 220–226. arXiv: 1003.2160 . Bibcode:2010AstL...36..220B. doi:10.1134/S1063773710030060. S2CID   118374161.
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