Guettarda

Last updated

Guettarda
Guettardia2.jpg
Guettarda speciosa
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Subfamily: Cinchonoideae
Tribe: Guettardeae
Genus: Guettarda
L.
Type species
Guettarda speciosa
L.
Species

~150 species. See text

Guettarda is a plant genus in the family Rubiaceae. Most of these plants are known by the common name velvetseed.

Contents

Distribution

Most of the species are Neotropical. [1] Twenty are found in New Caledonia and one reaches Australia. [2] A few others are found on islands and in coastal areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is a tree of coastal habitats, up to 18 m (59 ft) in height.

Taxonomy

Three species (G. odorata, G. scabra, G. speciosa) are known in cultivation. [3] Guettarda argentea provides edible fruit. [1] The type species for the genus is Guettarda speciosa. [4]

Guettarda was named by Linnaeus in 1753 in his book Species Plantarum . [5] [6] This generic name is in honour of the 18th century French naturalist Jean-Étienne Guettard. [7]

The genus Guettarda is much in need of revision. Molecular phylogenetic studies have found it to be several times polyphyletic with some of its clades paraphyletic over small genera. [8]

Species

Estimates of the number of species range from about 50 [3] to 162. [9] The following species list may be incomplete or contain synonyms.

Related Research Articles

<i>Uncaria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Uncaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 40 species. Their distribution is pantropical, with most species native to tropical Asia, three from Africa and the Mediterranean and two from the neotropics. They are known colloquially as gambier, cat's claw or uña de gato. The latter two names are shared with several other plants. The type species for the genus is Uncaria guianensis.

<i>Stachys</i> Genus of plants in the sage family

Stachys is a genus of plants, one of the largest in the mint family Lamiaceae. Estimates of the number of species vary from about 300, to about 450. Stachys is in the subfamily Lamioideae and its type species is Stachys sylvatica. The precise extent of the genus and its relationship to other genera in the subfamily are poorly known.

<i>Cephalanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Cephalanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. There are about six species that are commonly known as buttonbush.

<i>Volkameria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Volkameria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution. Many of the species are found in coastal habitats.

<i>Oldenlandia</i> Genus of plants

Oldenlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution and has about 240 species. The type species for the genus is Oldenlandia corymbosa.

Blepharidium is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus contains only one species, viz. Blepharidium guatemalense, which is native to Guatemala, Honduras and southern Mexico. Older works might mention two species.

<i>Exostema</i> Genus of flowering plants

Exostema is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It consists of trees and shrubs, endemic to the neotropics, with most of the species occurring in the West Indies.

Guettarda retusa, also called cuero, is an extinct species of plant in the family Rubiaceae that was endemic to two separate locations in Pinar del Río Province, Cuba. It became extinct due to habitat loss.

<i>Kohautia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Kohautia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are native to tropical areas of Asia, Africa, and Madagascar. Thirty-one species are known. The type species for the genus is Kohautia senegalensis.

Machaonia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 32 species. All are indigenous to the neotropics. None has a unique common name. Some species have been called "alfilerillo", a Spanish name for the common and well-known genus Erodium. The type species for Machaonia is Machaonia acuminata.

<i>Rondeletia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Rondeletia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to the Neotropics. There are around 160 species.

<i>Guettarda speciosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Guettarda speciosa, with common names sea randa, or zebra wood, is a species of shrub in the family Rubiaceae found in coastal habitats in tropical areas around the Pacific Ocean, including the coastline of central and northern Queensland and Northern Territory in Australia, and Pacific Islands, including Micronesia, French Polynesia and Fiji, Malaysia and Indonesia, Maldives and the east coast of Africa. It reaches 6 m in height, has fragrant white flowers, and large green prominently-veined leaves. It grows in sand above the high tide mark.

Platycarpha is a genus of South African plants within the family Asteraceae.

<i>Kadua</i> Genus of flowering plants

Kadua is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises 29 species, all restricted to Polynesia. Twenty-two of these are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Some of the species are common at high elevation. Others are single-island endemics or very rare, and a few are probably extinct. Kadua affinis is widely distributed in Hawaii and is polymorphic. The type species for the genus is Kadua acuminata.

Chione is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing the single species Chione venosa. It is native to the neotropics, occurring in most of Mexico, and throughout Central America, the Caribbean, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It is typically a tree growing 10 to 20 meters tall. In harsh habitats, it may be dwarfed and shrubby. It has no known economic use.

<i>Hymenodictyon</i> Genus of flowering plants

Hymenodictyon is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 30 species. All are native to the Old World. The wood of Hymenodictyon orixense is soft and has limited use, mostly for boxes. The type species for Hymenodictyon is Hymenodictyon orixense.

<i>Adina</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Adina is a genus of 11 species of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are shrubs or small trees, native to East Asia and Southeast Asia.

<i>Neonauclea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Neonauclea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises about 71 species. Neonauclea is a genus of shrubs and trees They are indigenous to China, India, Southeast Asia, Wallacea, New Guinea and Australia.

<i>Hillia</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Hillia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has 24 species. All are indigenous to tropical America.

Ekmanianthe is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. It is most closely related to Tabebuia and has sometimes been included within it. It consists of two species of trees, neither of which is especially common in any part of its range:

References

  1. 1 2 David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN   978-0-521-82071-4
  2. W. Rodger Elliot; David L. Jones; Trevor L. Blake (1990). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Vol. 5. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p. 162. ISBN   0-85091-285-7.
  3. 1 2 Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN   978-0-333-47494-5 (set)
  4. Guettarda In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
  5. Guettarda in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
  6. Carl Linnaeus. 1753. Species Plantarum (Species plantarum : exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas / Caroli Linnæe.): 2:991. Holmiae: Impensis Laurentii Salvii: Stockholm, Sweden. (see External links below).
  7. Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN   978-0-8493-2676-9. (vol. II).
  8. Ulrika Manns and Birgitta Bremer. 2010. "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution56(1):21-39. doi : 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002
  9. Guettarda At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Kew Gardens Website. (see External links below).
  10. Timyan, J. (2021). "Guettarda angustata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T121947222A121986360. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T121947222A121986360.en . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  11. Timyan, J. (2021). "Guettarda cahosiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T121947309A121986375. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T121947309A121986375.en . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  12. Gonzalez-Oliva, L. (2020). "Guettarda retusa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T38848A149816916. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T38848A149816916.en . Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  13. Timyan, J. (2021). "Guettarda tortuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T121947426A121986450. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T121947426A121986450.fr . Retrieved 16 November 2021.