HMS H28

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HMS H28 IWM SP 2556.jpg
History
Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svgUnited Kingdom
NameH28
Builder Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness
Laid down18 March 1917
Launched12 March 1918
Commissioned29 June 1918
FateScrapped, 18 August 1944
General characteristics
Class and type H-class submarine
Displacement
  • 423 long tons (430 t) surfaced
  • 510 long tons (518 t) submerged
Length171 ft 0 in (52.12 m)
Beam15 ft 4 in (4.67 m)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 11.5 knots (21.3 km/h; 13.2 mph) surfaced
  • 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph) submerged
Range
  • 2,985 nmi (5,528 km) at 7.5 kn (13.9 km/h; 8.6 mph) surfaced
  • 130 nmi (240 km) at 2 kn (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph) submerged
Complement22
Armament

HMS H28 was a British H-class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness, as part of the Batch 3 H-class submarines. She was laid down on 18 March 1917 and was commissioned on 29 June 1918. H28 was the only British submarine to see active service in both World Wars, and was finally scrapped in 1944.

Contents

Design

Like all post-H20 British H-class submarines, H28 had a displacement of 423 long tons (430  t ) at the surface and 510 long tons (520 t) while submerged. [1] It had a total length of 171 feet (52 m), [2] a beam of 15 feet 4 inches (4.67 m), and a draught of 39 feet 4 inches (12 m). [3] It contained diesel engines providing a total power of 480 horsepower (360 kW) and two electric motors each providing 320 horsepower (240 kW). [3] The use of its electric motors made the submarine travel at 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph). It would normally carry 16.4 long tons (16.7 t) of fuel and had a maximum capacity of 18 long tons (18 t). [4]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph) and a submerged speed of 10.5 knots (19.4 km/h; 12.1 mph). Post-H20 British H-class submarines had ranges of 2,985 nautical miles (5,528 km; 3,435 mi) at speeds of 7.5 knots (13.9 km/h; 8.6 mph) when surfaced. [1] [3] H28 was fitted with an anti-aircraft gun and four 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes. Its torpedo tubes were fitted to the bows and the submarine was loaded with eight 21-inch torpedoes. [1] It is a Holland 602 type submarine but was designed to meet Royal Navy specifications. Its complement was twenty-two crew members. [1]

Service

Following her commissioning, H28 saw active service in the final months of the First World War with the 8th Submarine Flotilla, based at Great Yarmouth. [5] In 1919, she joined the 3rd Submarine Flotilla based at Portsmouth, [6] however, the flotilla deployed to the Baltic Sea in September 1919 under Captain Max Horton as part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, where they remained until the sea froze over, returning to Britain on 2 January 1920. [7] The flotilla relocated to Devonport in 1922. In 1927, H28 transferred to the 5th Submarine Flotilla at Gosport, where she was listed as being in reserve the following year, active in 1933 and in reserve again in 1938. [6] During one of her periods of active service, during a visit by her flotilla to Ghent, H28 collided with the British steamer Vale of Mowbray in the Ghent–Terneuzen Canal on 28 May 1929. Both ships sustained minor damage, with H28 damaged above the waterline. [8] [9] [10]

H28 was reactivated at the start of the Second World War, making her the only British submarine to see front line service in both conflicts. [11] In 1939, she was still listed with the 5th Submarine Flotilla in the training role at Gosport, [12] but following a refit at Sheerness, joined other H-class submarines at Harwich in September 1940. Joining H28 at this time was Sub-Lieutenant Edward Preston Young, who was the first Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) officer ever to be admitted to the Submarine Service. [13] Following the fall of France in June 1940, these training submarines undertook operational patrols in the North Sea as an anti-invasion precaution. On 11 October 1940, H28 commanded by Lieutenant E A Woodward, unsuccessfully fired four torpedoes at a small enemy merchant ship off the Netherlands coast, [14] and subsequently escaped after being depth-charged by escort vessels. [15] Following the loss of H49 shortly afterwards, operational patrols by the other H-class submarines were suspended, and the flotilla moved to Rothesay on the River Clyde in December 1940 to resume training duties. These included giving new officers and ratings seagoing experience, as well as providing live targets for escort vessels practicing anti-submarine techniques. [16]

On 18 August 1944 H28 was sold for demolition, and then broken up at Troon, Scotland. [3]

See also

Related Research Articles

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HMS H52 was a British H class submarine built by HM Dockyard, Pembroke Dock. She was laid down on an unknown date, launched on 31 March 1919 and commissioned on 16 December 1919, the last Welsh-built fighting ship to enter the British Royal Navy.

HMS H51 was a British H class submarine built by HM Dockyard, Pembroke Dock. She was laid down on an unknown date, launched on 15 November 1918 and commissioned into the British Royal Navy on 1 September 1919. It had a complement of twenty-two crew members.

HMS H50 was a British H class submarine built by William Beardmore and Company, Dalmuir. She was laid down on 23 January 1918 and was commissioned on 3 February 1920. She had a complement of 22 crew members. HMS H50 was one of seven ships to survive to the end of World War II. She was sold for scrapping in July 1945 in Troon.

HMS H49 was a British H-class submarine built by William Beardmore and Company, Dalmuir. She was launched on 15 July 1919 and commissioned on 25 October 1919. The submarine saw active service in the Second World War, but was sunk off the Netherlands by German patrol vessels on 18 October 1940.

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HMS <i>H47</i> Submarine of the Royal Navy

HMS H47 was a British H class submarine built by William Beardmore and Company, Dalmuir. She was laid down on 20 November 1917 and was commissioned on 25 February 1919. It had a complement of twenty-two crew members. HMS H47 was sunk in a collision with British L class submarine L12 off Milford Haven, Wales on 9 July 1929. Twenty one of the crew were lost with only three survivors.

HMS <i>H43</i> Submarine of the Royal Navy

HMS H43 was a British H class submarine built by Armstrong Whitworth, Newcastle Upon Tyne. She was laid down on 4 October 1917 and was commissioned on 25 November 1919. It had a complement of twenty-two crew members.

HMS H42 was a British H class submarine that sank with the loss of all 24 of its crew after an accidental collision in 1922. The sub was built by Armstrong Whitworth, Newcastle Upon Tyne. She was laid down in September 1917 and was commissioned on 1 May 1919.

HMS H34 was a British H class submarine built by Cammell Laird, Birkenhead. The vessel was laid down on 20 November 1917 and was commissioned on 10 September 1919. She had a complement of twenty-two crew members.

HMS <i>H32</i> Submarine of the Royal Navy

HMS H32 was a H-class submarine constructed for the Royal Navy. The submarine entered service in 1919 and served in the Second World War, one of only seven of the class to do so. During Warship Week 1942 H32 was adopted by Lydney RDC (Gloucestershire). The submarine was sold for scrap in 1944.

HMS H33 was a British H class submarine built by Cammell Laird, Birkenhead. She was laid down on 20 November 1917 and commissioned on 17 May 1919.

HMS <i>H31</i> Submarine of the Royal Navy

HMS H31 was a British H class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness. She was laid down on 19 April 1917 and was commissioned on 21 February 1919.

HMS H29 was a British H class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness. She was laid down on 19 March 1917 and was commissioned on 14 September 1918.

HMS <i>H21</i> Submarine of the Royal Navy

HMS H21 was a British H class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness, as the first of the Batch 3 H class submarines. She was launched on 20 October 1917 and was commissioned on 28 January 1918. H21 was an improved design of the H class which produced a larger displacement and the latest 21 inch torpedo tubes replacing the old 18 inch torpedo tubes. This would be incorporated into all batch 3 H class submarines. HMS H21 was sold to John Cashmore Ltd on 13 July 1926 for scrapping at Newport.

HMS <i>H22</i> Submarine of the Royal Navy

HMS H22 was a British H class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness, as part of the Batch 3 H class submarines. She was launched on 14 November 1917 and was commissioned on 6 November 1918.

HMS H23 was a British H class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness as part of the Batch-3 H class submarine. She was launched on 29 January 1918 and was commissioned on 25 May 1918. She had a complement of 22 crew members.

HMS H24 was a British H-class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness, as part of the Batch 3 H-class submarines. She was launched on 14 November 1917 and was commissioned on 30 April 1918.

HMS H25 was a British H class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness, as part of the Batch 3 H class submarines. She was launched on 27 April 1918 and was commissioned on 16 July 1918. It had a complement of twenty-two crew members.

HMS H26 was a British H class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness, as part of the Batch 3 H class submarines. She was launched on 15 November 1917 and was commissioned on 29 December 1918. It had a complement of twenty-two crew members.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Robert (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. p. 92. ISBN   0-85177-245-5.
  2. ↑ Walters, Derek (2004). The History of the British 'U' Class Submarine. Casemate Publishers. pp. 2–. ISBN   978-1-84415-131-8.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN   978-1-86176-281-8. Retrieved from Naval-History on 20 August 2015.
  4. ↑ Perkins, J. D. (1999). "Building History and Technical Details for Canadian CC-Boats and the Original H-CLASS". Electric Boat Company Holland Patent Submarines. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  5. ↑ Watson, Graham (30 December 2000). "Royal Navy Submarine Disposition, November 1918". www.gwpda.org. The Great War Primary Documents Archive. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  6. 1 2 Watson, Graham (2 September 2015). "BETWEEN THE WARS: ROYAL NAVY ORGANISATION AND SHIP DEPLOYMENTS 1919-1939: 9. SUBMARINE DEPLOYMENT 1919-1939". www.naval-history.net. Naval-History.Net. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  7. ↑ Wright 2017, p. 376
  8. ↑ "News in Brief: Submarine in Collision with Steamer". The Times . No. 45215. 29 May 1929. p. 16.
  9. ↑ "Casualty Reports (from Lloyd's)". The Times. No. 45215. 29 May 1929. p. 26.
  10. ↑ Hutchinson 2001, p. 49
  11. ↑ McCartney 2006, p. 18
  12. ↑ Watson, Graham (2 September 2015). "ROYAL NAVY SHIPS, SEPTEMBER 1939". www.naval-history.net. Naval-History.Net. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  13. ↑ Young 1997, p. 28
  14. ↑ Hezlet 2001, Chapter 6
  15. ↑ Young 1997, pp. 39-40
  16. ↑ Young 1997, pp. 41-43

Bibliography

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