History | |
---|---|
Great Britain | |
Name | HMS Norfolk |
Ordered | 21 December 1691 (contract) |
Builder | John Winter, Southampton |
Launched | 28 March 1693 |
Commissioned | 1693 |
Renamed | HMS Princess Amelia, 1755 |
Fate | Broken up, 1757 |
Notes |
|
General characteristics as built [1] | |
Class and type | 80-gun third rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 1184+22⁄94 bm |
Length |
|
Beam | 41 ft 6 in (12.6 m) |
Depth of hold | 17 ft 4 in (5.3 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Complement | 476 |
Armament | 80 guns of various weights of shot |
General characteristics after 1728 rebuild [2] | |
Class and type | 1719 Establishment 80-gun third rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 1393+5⁄94 bm |
Length |
|
Beam | 45 ft 2.5 in (13.8 m) (as built) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Complement | 520 |
Armament |
|
HMS Norfolk was an 80-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was built at Southampton and launched on 28 March 1693, and was the first ship to bear the name. She was rebuilt at Plymouth according to the 1719 Establishment, and was re-launched on 21 September 1728. Instead of carrying her armament on two decks as she had done originally, she now carried them on three gundecks, though she continued to be rated a third rate.
She gained her first battle honour at Vélez-Málaga in 1704. The ship conducted a number of important duties throughout her long career. She was then employed in the role of Plymouth guardship, before being attached to the Mediterranean Fleet and then, subsequently, to the West Indies, as reinforcement for that region, as well as performing as flagship of Rear-Admiral Sir John Balchen.
The Norfolk was rebuilt at Plymouth Dockyard from 1718 to 1728 to the dimensions of the 1719 Establishment. She was not fitted out until 1731, when she was recommissioned under Captain John Roberta. Her final action was near France in 1744. Norfolk was renamed Princess Amelia in 1755, two years after the previous Princess Amelia had been broken up. She herself was broken up in 1757.
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The 1719 Establishment was a set of mandatory requirements governing the construction of all Royal Navy warships capable of carrying more than 20 naval long guns. It was designed to bring economies of scale through uniform vessel design, and ensure a degree of certainty about vessel capability once at sea, and was applied to all vessels from the first-rate to the fifth-rate. Once in effect, it superseded the 1706 Establishment, which had specified major dimensions for ships of the second-rate, third-rate and fourth-rate only.
The 1745 Establishment was the third and final formal establishment of dimensions for ships to be built for the Royal Navy. It completely superseded the previous 1719 Establishment, which had subsequently been modified in 1733 and again in 1741. Although partially intended to correct the problems of the ships built to the earlier Establishments, the ships of the 1745 Establishment proved just as unsatisfactory, and important changes in the make-up of the Admiralty and Navy Boards finally led to the end of the establishment era by around 1751.
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