The Estonian Reform Party is a liberal political party in Estonia. The party has been led by Kaja Kallas since 2018. It is colloquially known as the "Squirrel Party".
The Social Democratic Party is a centre-left political party in Estonia. It is currently led by Lauri Läänemets. The party was formerly known as the Moderate People's Party. The SDE has been a member of the Party of European Socialists since 16 May 2003 and was a member of the Socialist International from November 1990 to 2017. It is orientated towards the principles of social-democracy,and it supports Estonia's membership in the European Union. From April 2023,the party has been a junior coalition partner in the third Kallas government.
Andrus Ansip is an Estonian politician,a member of the European Parliament,the former European Commissioner for Digital Single Market and Vice President of the European Commission,in office from 2014 until 2019. Previously,he was Prime Minister of Estonia from 2005 to 2014 and chairman of the liberal Estonian Reform Party from 2004 to 2014.
Jürgen Ligi is an Estonian politician,former Minister of Foreign Affairs,and a member and the vice-chairman of the liberal Reform Party. He was Minister of Education and Research in Taavi Rõivas' cabinet from 9 April 2015 to 12 September 2016. Previously,Ligi has served as the Minister of Defence from 2005 to 2007 and as the Minister of Finance from 2009 to 2014.
Jüri Ratas is an Estonian politician who was the 18th prime minister of Estonia from 2016 to 2021. He was the Leader of the Centre Party from 2016 to 2023,and was the mayor of Tallinn from 2005 to 2007.
Urve Palo is an Estonian economist and politician,a member of the Social Democratic Party.
Siim Valmar Kiisler is an Estonian politician,a member of the Parempoolsed,former member of Isamaa.
Kristen Michal is an Estonian politician. A member of the Estonian Reform Party,he was the minister of economic affairs and infrastructure in Taavi Rõivas' cabinet between 9 April 2015 and 22 November 2016. Previously,Michal served as the minister of justice from 2011 to 2012.
Urmas Reinsalu is an Estonian politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2022 to 2023 and previously from 2019 to 2021. Before that,Urmas has served as the Minister of Defence between 2012 and 2014,and Minister of Justice from 2015 to 2019. Reinsalu is a member and current leader of the Isamaa ("Fatherland") political party,and was the party leader from 2012 to 2015.
Sven Sester is an Estonian politician and former Minister of Finance.
Taavi Rõivas is an Estonian politician,former Prime Minister of Estonia from 2014 to 2016 and former leader of the Reform Party. Before his term as the Prime Minister,Rõivas was the Minister of Social Affairs from 2012 to 2014. On 9 November 2016 his second cabinet dissolved after coalition partners,Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica and Social Democratic Party,sided with the opposition in a no confidence motion. At the end of 2020,Rõivas announced quitting politics,and resigned from his parliament seat.
Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia on 1 March 2015. Advance voting was held between 19 and 25 February with a turnout of 33 percent. The Reform Party remained the largest in the Riigikogu,winning 30 of the 101 seats. Its leader,Taavi Rõivas,remained Prime Minister. The newly elected 101 members of the 13th Riigikogu assembled at Toompea Castle in Tallinn within ten days of the election. Two political newcomers,the Free Party and the Conservative People's Party (EKRE) crossed the threshold to enter the Riigikogu.
Anne Sulling is an Estonian politician and a member of Riigikogu. She represents the Tartu constituency as a member of the Estonian Reform Party.
Maris Lauri is an Estonian politician,former Minister of Justice and a member of the Reform Party. She was the Minister of Finance in Taavi Rõivas's first cabinet from November 2014 to April 2015 and later as the Minister of Education and Research in 2016. Before her nomination,Lauri worked as the adviser for the Prime Minister. Previously she has worked as the head economist of Swedbank and for the Bank of Estonia.
Taavi Rõivas's second cabinet was the cabinet of Estonia,in office from 9 April 2015 to 23 November 2016. It was a Triple Alliance coalition cabinet of liberal centre-right Estonian Reform Party,Social Democratic Party and conservative Pro Patria and Res Publica Union.
The Ministry of Social Affairs of Estonia is a government ministry of Estonia responsible for social policies of the country.
Taavi Aas is an Estonian politician. Former Minister of Economic Affairs and Infrastructure from 2019 to 2022 and Mayor of Tallinn,the capital of Estonia from 2017 to 2019. Before that,he served as the Acting Mayor of Tallinn since 30 September 2015 and Vice Mayor of Tallinn from April 2005. Aas has been the Chairman of Estonian Union of the Cities since 2010.
Märt Rask is an Estonian attorney,jurist,and politician who was the Estonian Minister of the Interior from 1995 to 1996,as well as being the Justice Minister in 1992 and from 1999 to 2003 and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Estonia from 2004 to 2013.
Tiina Lokk-Tramberg is an Estonian filmmaker,film teacher and politician,who was a member of the Riigikogu from 2012 to 2015,representing the Estonian Reform Party.
Triple Alliance is a commonly used political term in Estonia to refer to the various coalition governments between the centre-left Social Democratic Party,centre-right Reform Party and conservative Isamaa or their predecessors. This coalition has formed four times in history - from 1999 to 2002,from 2007 to 2009,from 2015 to 2016 and from 2022 to 2023. None of the coalitions governments have lasted a full parliamentary term. All of the Triple Alliance cabinets have been the second ones of the respective Prime Minister.
