Harney (Monocacyville as late as 1892) is an unincorporated community in Carroll County, Maryland, United States.[1] Harney is also the home of the 'World's Best Carnival'. It has been the home of the Harney Volunteer Fire Company since 1951.
Harney is located near the head of the Monocacy River to the northwest and is the site of the following crossroads: east/west Conover Road (named for a family who owned a defunct farm on the east of the town) and north/south Harney Road. Additional intersections at the ball field are Bowers Road, off Conover Road, and Baptist Road heads southwest from just south of the crossroads. Communities near Harney are Longville to the south,[2]Emmitsburg (southwest) and in Pennsylvania, Natural Dam (west), Mt. Joy Township (north - just across the state line on 134), Barlow 3.1mi north, Two Taverns (north-northeast), Littlestown (east-northeast), and Kingsdale (east).
Geographic Chronology
Date
Topic
Event
Coordinates
1763
The Mason-Dixon survey placed a marker north of the later 1825 crossroads (named Harney c.1897) which was later taken—it was replaced during a ceremony c.1976.
Nicholas Eckes built the first home in the vicinity at a site near the Monocacy River, west of the area that would become the town. Eckes performed shoemaking at the farm—his son Enoch Eckes continued shoemaking there & the property transferred to 4 shoemakers: Peter Reigle, John Reindollar, Harry Rineman, and Samuel Eline.[6]
The 1st store was opened by Jesse Cornell[sic][6] at what became the town of Monocacyville (the property in 1955 was "owned by John Cornel"),[5] and the crossroads community eventually had 3 hotels (a harness shop was at 5949 Conover Road).)
The west/east "Emmitsburg and little stone[sic] road was opened up" to become the crossroad[6] with the north/south Gettysburg-Taneytown road. By 1895 the street names were Gettysburg Street (northward), Littlestown Street (eastward to Kingsdale), Taneytown Street (southward), and Emmitsburg Street (south-southwest).
c.1839
business
Elijah Eckenrode "opened up a small store" on the "old Lichtenwalter property" (in 1824 Nicholas Eckes had subdivided land and sold part "to Adam Lichtenwalter who built a two story log house", e.g., after moving from the old residence.)[6] In 1843 Jacob Kreglo subsequently bought the small store property which transferred to Philip Shriner who "started[when?] wagon making."[6]
1863-07-01
Civil War
General Hancock was sent north from near Taneytown and passed through Monocacyville to command at Gettysburg ~3[7]-6 pm.[8]
1863-07-01
Civil War
Hancock's II Corps (Union Army) traveled through Monocacyville to bivouac for the night near Horner's Mill (arrived at the battlefield c.7am July 2.)[8]:33
1863-07-01
Civil War
Ames Battery G established an overnight camp near Monocacyville en route from Taneytown to their Battle of Gettysburg, Second Day, engagement at The Peach Orchard during the afternoon Hood's Assault.[9] (Third Corps artillery trains left Taneytown later on July 2 at 10:30p.m.)[10]
1863-07-01
Civil War
George G. Meade from Taneytown passed through Monocacyville en route to Gettysburg, where he arrived at night[7] after Hancock had returned via Horner's Mill and Monocacyville to brief Meade at Taneytown.[8]:29
1864
business
"E. D. Hess sold his property to J. Worthington Jones, and [bought] the James Angel[11][verification needed]…property on Littlestown Street…built an addition to the house [and] small shop [where he] started the cabinetmaking business".[6]
1866
organization
The Evangelical United Brethren Church, Harney, Md was established[6]—the 1st burial in the United Brethren Cemetery (now Sunrise Cemetery), was tbd—the church was rededicated in 1931,[12] but closed after Rev. Garvin was the pastor in 1955.[13]
1878
business
George Fream's blacksmith shop closed, which had been the shop of his father (William Fream) until 1876 after the latter built on the Soloman Snider property (previously the John Rathfan property.)[6]
1879
mail
Bids were solicited for carrying weekly mail via Horner's Mill between Gettysburg and Harney.[14]
1886
business
James H. Reaver sold his Harney property to surgeon[15] (Harney had a Hesson General Store c.1915,[16] and Daniel J. Hesson was the 1898 postmaster[17] until moving in 1899 to Hanover, Pennsylvania.)[18]
1887
school
The Harney "public school started in a room above S. S. Shoemaker's Store, and Mr. J. A. Angell was appointed its teacher". The school was later moved to a 2nd story of a new Shoemaker "agricultural warehouse" where H.O. Harner was a teacher.[2]
1890
organization
St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church in Harney,[19] which was using Shoemaker Hall,[20] laid the church cornerstone with a list of charter members[21] on land sold by Daniel Hesson.[22] and which The 1st trustees were Dr. John Bush, John Ohler, Martin Slagle, Abraham Waybright, Blanch Yingling and Katherine Hall, and the "first baby baptized in the church was Earlington Shriver"[22] who had been born April 24, 1890.
John Myers moved to Harney to take over Centennial Mill[24][25] and "William Myers [during] 1893…had a full set of rolls put in".[2]
1893
organization
The Lutheran church acquired land for their[22] Mountainview Cemetery northwest of Harney (the first burial was tbd.)
1895-01
business
"Andrew Degroft's large machine shed,[specify] just back of the U. B. Church, caught fire one evening about 9 o'clock".[2]
1895
business
A summer newspaper identified Harney businesses: Daniel J. Hesson's store, W. A. Snider's store, Mr. T. H. Eckenrode's Union Hotel, John J. Hess's blacksmith shop, and the nearby William Myers mill. Other notable 1895 Harney structures were Miss[clarification needed] Perry Eyler's place that had been C. F. Reindoller's drug store, D. T. Shoemaker's "most beautiful" home, and W. A. Snider's "most perfectly built" house on Littlestown Street.[6][2]
c.1897
business
After a local storekeeper agreed to keep mail for customers to pick up,[26] Monocacyville was renamed when Emmitsburg's 1893-7 postmaster, James Elder, dubbed the post office "Harney" for General William S. Harney of the American Indian Wars. First postmaster was Jeremiah Reinhart,[27] and Daniel Hess was the 1898 postmaster.[6]
Myers Mill* near Harney (owned by Mrs. Hannah C. Myers)[28] and the "adjoining" (downstream) Stonesifer Mill[29] claimed the Gettysburg Water Works had decreased the Marsh Creek/Monocacy River water supply and made the mills inoperable.[30] In 1920, Myers'[31] "three story roller mill [burned down] below the juncture of Marsh and Rock creeks near Harney [where] the dam made to furnish water power from the Monocacy [created] a favorite spot for boating and swimming parties"[32] (cf. the Reaser Hose camp adjoining[33] the "Good Samaritan Masonic Camp"[34] northwest of Harney.)**
1900
mail
A direct postal route between Gettysburg and Taneytown was planned[35] to replace the Pennsylvania circuitous mail route to Harney:[36]
Mason and Dixon Lodge, No. 69 of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows (Oddfellows,[37]colloq.) was founded<Ref.</ref> and had a 1907 anniversary banquet catered by fraternal Brothers Harry E. Rothhaupt and John Thompson.[38] In February 1942 the Lutheran "church bought the Odd Fellows Lodge Hall to be used as a parish house."[22]
Community recreation areas at " Shriver's grove, near this place" (east beyond the state line) had a Lutheran church "base ball game" and at "the F. C. Null grove, near town" (just outside on Baptist Road) had the "United Brethren…annual picnic".[40]
1921
business
Estee Ray Kiser owned a Harney automobile business shop[41] (a c.1926 garage along Gettysburg Street was open as late as 1942.)[42]
A "Memorial Boulevard" proposed [as the] Lincoln Memorial road in 1908, "Washington-to-Gettysburg road" in 1911,[45] & "Lincoln Highway to Gettysburg" in 1913 was planned through Chevy Chase, Silver Spring, New Lisbon (or Westminster), Taneytown,[46] and the Harney area to connect the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC to the Lincoln Address Memorial in the Gettysburg National Cemetery.[47] (the competing plan for a Lincoln Memorial[48] was completed instead of the Memorial Boulevard.)
The Harney Baseball Club[50] built a baseball field with grandstand east of the Lutheran church.[49] After playing in the Adams County Baseball league (e.g., 1946),[51] the team lost two players to the 1947 Gettysburg Legion team[52] and joined the South Penn Baseball League in 1953[53] Taneytown, Harney and the Emmitsburg Legion [replaced] Barlow, Hanover and Granite</ref>—Barlow's Chester Shriver was Harney's 1954 manager (the 1976 team name was "Athletics".)[54] In the 1980s the field was converted for slowpitch softball (Harney "Royals"), and it is now owned by the Lutheran church (which now also operates the Sunrise Cemetery started by the Brethren church).
The Harney Volunteer Fire Company was established.[5] The "Luther Ridinger Hall"[57]/"Luther Ridinger building"[58] had the initial siren (a shed held 2 fire extinguishers) and the building held meetings (e.g., 1953 fireman's carnival meeting) and recreation events (1956 "Record Hop").
Taneytown is a city in Carroll County, Maryland, United States. The population was 7,234 at the 2020 census. Taneytown was founded in 1754. Of the city, George Washington once wrote, "Tan-nee town is but a small place with only the Street through wch.(sic) the road passes, built on. The buildings are principally of wood." Taneytown has a history museum that displays the history of the city for visitors and citizens to see. The Bullfrog Road Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
Devil's Den is a boulder-strewn hill on the end of Houck's Ridge at Gettysburg Battlefield, used by artillery and sharpshooters on the second day of the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War. A tourist attraction since the memorial association era, several boulders are worn from foot traffic and the site includes numerous cannons, memorials, and walkways, including a bridge spanning two boulders.
Seminary Ridge is a dendritic ridge that served as an area of military engagements during the Battle of Gettysburg, the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War, which was fought between July 1 and July 3, 1863 in and around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Seminary Ridge also served as a military installation during World War II.
Maryland Route 32 (MD 32) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. The road runs 51.79 miles (83.35 km) from Interstate 97 (I-97) and MD 3 in Millersville west and north to Washington Road in Westminster. The 30 mile four- to six-lane freeway portion of MD 32 is the Patuxent Freeway between I-97 and I-70 in West Friendship. The freeway passes through Odenton and Fort Meade, the site of Fort George G. Meade and the National Security Agency (NSA), in western Anne Arundel County and along the southern part of Columbia in Howard County. Via I-97, MD 32 connects those communities with U.S. Route 50 (US 50)/US 301 in Annapolis. MD 32 also intersects the four primary highways connecting Baltimore and Washington: the Baltimore–Washington Parkway, US 1, I-95, and US 29. MD 32's north–south section, Sykesville Road, connects West Friendship and Westminster by way of Sykesville and Eldersburg in southern Carroll County.
Rock Creek is an 18.9-mile-long (30.4 km) tributary of the Monocacy River in south-central Pennsylvania and serves as the border between Cumberland and Mount Joy townships. Rock Creek was used by the Underground Railroad and flows near several Gettysburg Battlefield sites, including Culp's Hill, the Benner Hill artillery location, and Barlow Knoll.
Maryland Route 140 is a 49-mile (79 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. The route runs from U.S. Route 1 and US 40 Truck in Baltimore northwest to the Pennsylvania border, where the road continues into that state as Pennsylvania Route 16. MD 140 passes through the northern part of central Maryland, connecting Baltimore, Pikesville, Reisterstown, Westminster, Taneytown, and Emmitsburg.
Maryland Route 832 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Old Taneytown Road, the state highway runs 7.67 miles (12.34 km) from MD 140 near Taneytown east to MD 140 near Westminster. MD 832 is the old alignment of the highway now designated MD 140 in western Carroll County. The state highway was constructed as one of the original state roads in the mid-1910s and became part of MD 32 in 1927. MD 32 was replaced by MD 97 in 1956. MD 97 was moved to a new alignment between Westminster and Taneytown in the mid-1960s; the old alignment became part of MD 32 again. MD 832 replaced MD 32 on the highway in 1978, one year before the parallel highway became MD 140.
Pennsylvania Route 134 (PA 134), also called Taneytown Road, is a north–south, two-lane state highway in Adams County, Pennsylvania. It runs from the Maryland border at the Mason–Dixon line in Mount Joy Township north to U.S. Route 15 Business in Gettysburg. PA 134 runs through farmland between the Maryland border and an interchange with the US 15 freeway. North of here, the route passes through Round Top and serves Gettysburg National Military Park before reaching its northern terminus. Taneytown Road was created in 1800 to connect Gettysburg with Taneytown, Maryland. The road was used during the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg for the procession to the cemetery consecration at which the Gettysburg Address was delivered. PA 134 was designated to its current alignment in 1928, with the section north of Round Top paved. The southern portion of the route was paved in the 1930s.
Double Pipe Creek, sometimes called Pipe Creek, is a major tributary of the Monocacy River in Carroll County and Frederick County in Maryland, located several miles north and west of Westminster. The creek is only 1.6 miles (2.6 km) long, but is formed by the confluence of two much longer streams, Big Pipe Creek and Little Pipe Creek.
Round Top is a populated place in Adams County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, near Little Round Top. It is notable for two Battle of Gettysburg hospitals, the 1884 Round Top Station, and several battlefield commemorative era attractions such as Round Top Park and the Round Top Museum. The unincorporated community lies on an elevated area of the north-south Taneytown Road with three intersections: at Blacksmith Shop Road to the northeast, Wheatfield Road, and Sachs Road.
The Gettysburg Electric Railway was a borough trolley that provided summer access to Gettysburg Battlefield visitor attractions such as military engagement areas, monuments, postbellum camps, and recreation areas. Despite the 1896 Supreme Court ruling under the Takings Clause against the railway, battlefield operations continued until 1916. The trolley generating plant was leased by the Electric Light, Heat, and Power Company of Gettysburg to supply streetlights and homes until electricity was imported from Hanover.
Greenmount is a populated place in Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located southwest of the Gettysburg Battlefield, at Marsh Creek along the Emmitsburg Road, in Cumberland Township.
United States v. Gettysburg Electric Ry. Co., 160 U.S. 668 (1896), was a case to prevent trolley operations on the Gettysburg Battlefield. The dispute began in August 1891 when the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association's board approved attorney Samuel Swope's motion to deny trolley right-of-way along GBMA roads. Despite the 1896 US Supreme Court ruling that the railway could be seized for historic preservation, as well as earlier legislative efforts to appropriate federal acquisition funds, create a War Department commission, and form the Gettysburg National Military Park; the trolley continued operations until obsolete in 1916.
Barlow is a populated place between the Gettysburg Battlefield and the Mason–Dixon line in Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States, situated at the intersection of Rock Creek and Pennsylvania Route 134. North of the creek on the road summit is the principal facility of the rural community: the 1939 community hall at the Barlow Volunteer Fire Company fire station. The hall is a Cumberland Township polling place and was used by Mamie and Dwight D. Eisenhower after purchasing their nearby farm. Horner's Mill was the site of an 1861 Union Civil War encampment, and the covered bridge was used by the II Corps and General George G. Meade en route to the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg.
Emmor Cope (1834-1927) was an American Civil War officer of the Union Army noted for the "Map of the Battlefield of Gettysburg from the original survey made August to October, 1863", which he researched by horseback as a sergeant after being ordered back to Gettysburg by Maj. Gen. George G. Meade. Cope is also noted for commemorative era battlefield administration and designs, including the layout of the 1913 Gettysburg reunion. Cope had enlisted as a Private of Company A,, temporarily detached to Battery C, 5th U.S. Artillery, and mustered out as a V Corps aide-de-camp of Maj Gen Gouverneur K. Warren.
The Wheatfield Road is a Gettysburg Battlefield crossroad from the Peach Orchard east-southeastward along the north side of The Wheatfield, north of the Valley of Death, and over the north foot of Little Round Top. In addition to modern tourist use, the road is notable for Battle of Gettysburg use and postbellum trolley use associated with the 1892-1896 US v. Gettysburg Electric Ry. case of the US Supreme Court.
The Nichol's Gap Road was a central Pennsylvania highway established in the 18th century near Maryland, extending westward from the Black's Gap Road "just west of Little Conewago Creek" at the Crofs Keys stand of James Black. The road went past both the Rock Creek Church and the 1761 Samuel Gettys tavern where Gettysburg would be surveyed in 1786. The highway was built over South Mountain via Nichol's Gap and down the Devils Racecourse into the Cumberland Valley, allowing access to Hagerstown, Maryland. Called the "Hagerstown Road" during the Battle of Gettysburg, parts of the road are now designated (east-to-west): U.S. Route 30, Pennsylvania Route 116, Iron Springs Road, Gum Springs Road, and Old Route 16.
The Lee-Meade Inn was a World War II army site on the Gettysburg Battlefield in the area of Hood's Assault. The facility was south of Rose Run on the "light grade" north of the South Confederate Avenue crest. The Inn had 37 ft (11 m) of frontage on the Emmitsburg Road, cabins in the rear, and an adjacent service station.
The Gettysburg Airport was a Gettysburg Battlefield facility northwest of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on the west slope of Oak Ridge off of the Mummasburg Road.
Joseph S. Gitt was a self-taught civil engineer and politician from Pennsylvania. After an unsuccessful career as a newspaper publisher, Gitt went back into railroading, estimating that in his career, he had conducted 31 different railroad surveys for a total distance of over 300 miles in his career Gitt either surveyed or engineered most of the railroads constructed in Frederick and Carroll county, Maryland and Adams county, Pennsylvania in the 1855-1885 period with the exception of the Civil War.
** The Reaser Hose camp and adjoining[72] "Good Samaritan Masonic Camp"[34] were northwest of Harney at S. D. Reck's woods[73]/dam on Rock Creek near the Monocacy[74] where there was a 1935 grove, clubhouse, and baseball field.)[75] The "Black Hole"[76] "near Harney"[77] was an additional recreation area in 1926.[78]
1 2 3 4 5 "Governor Will Dedicate New Hall At Harney"(Google News archive). Gettysburg Times. June 3, 1955. Retrieved May 27, 2014. The Harney Volunteer Fire Company was formed in 1951 when Erman Chipley, Vaughn Peck, Norman Welty and Fred Spangler…sent out cards… Harney was first known as Monocacyville … the present Shemaker[verification needed] building [was] the first school in the community itself. … The United Brethren Church was established there in 1866, St. Paul's Lutheran Church in 1890. (the article begins on the front page.)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Beck, J. W. "History of Harney - Part 1"(transcript at Emmitsburg.net webpage). Carroll County Times. Retrieved May 30, 2014. house [at] Emmitsburg and Taneytown streets…Daniel Good its present owner … blacksmith shop…present owner, John J. Hess … Daniel Hess [store] sold to its present owner, D. T. Shoemaker … Eyler…store…present occupant, D. J. Hesson … C. F. Reindoller…drug store…traded to John V. Eyler [sold] to its present owner. Miss Perry Eyler … Dr. John C. Bush…house on Littlestown Street…after his death in 1893…sold to W. A. Snider, its present owner [Part 2:] Union Hotel…present owner, Mr. T. H. Eckenrode … store to W. A. Snider, who is its present conducting the business. … milling business…present owner, William Myers (a separate webpage has Part 2.)
1 2 Gettysburg Campaign: Gen. George G. Meade(road sign with transcribed text at HMdb.org webpage), Pennsylvania Route 134 near Mason–Dixon line (39° 43.772′ N, 77° 12.632′ W): Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1947, retrieved April 30, 2011, Gen. George G. Meade, who had replaced Hooker as Union commander, June 28, 1863, traveled this road from Taneytown to Gettysburg the night of July 1. … In addition to Meade, the Federal II Corps used the Taneytown Road to reach Gettysburg. Upon hearing of the death of General John Reynolds on July 1, 1863 at Gettysburg, General Meade dispatched the II Corps commander, General Winfield S. Hancock, to take charge at Gettysburg. Hancock traveled the thirteen miles from Taneytown to Gettysburg{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location (link) (HMdb contributor Craig Swain)[verification needed]
1 2 3 Final Report on the Battlefield of Gettysburg(Google Books) (Report). pp.28, 33. Retrieved May 31, 2011. General Slocum, who had been superintending the movements of Williams' Division at Rock Creek, having now arrived at Cemetery Hill, Hancock transferred the command to him about six o'clock, and then returned to Taneytown where he reported in person to the general commanding.:29 … The Second Corps -- General Hancock's -- having bivouaced on the Taneytown Road, about three miles in the rear, moved up and went into position at 7 a.m., on Cemetery Ridge:33
↑ "title tbd". June 19, 1879. Proposals will be received by the Post-office Department, until July 10, 1879, for carrying the mail from Gettysburg, by Horner's Mill, to Harney and back once a week. Bond required with bid $100
↑ Geiselman, John P (1996). Cleveland, Linda K. (ed.). Reflections. Preface: Audrey J. Sanders. Columbus GA: Brentwood Christian Press. p.22.NOTE: Geiselman/Cleveland (1996) mistakenly entitled Ch. 5 "Spring Flood" for the August event.
↑ "Neighborhood News". January 26, 1892. Mr. John Myers, who was running a mill near New Oxford the past year, moved last week to Harney and will take charge of another mill on the Conewago,[sic] near New Oxford. (presumably a typographical error regarding the previous Conewago mill and subsequent Monocacy mill.)
↑ Birnie, C. (January 2, 1900). "Rural Free Delivery: Adams County Farmers Injured by the System"(Google News archive). Star and Sentinel. Retrieved May 30, 2014. in Harney…if the storekeeper of the village had not volunteered to keep their mail until it was called for, they would have been cut off altogether from this post-office…
↑ "Archived copy"(PDF). hsccmd.org. Archived from the original(PDF) on August 1, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
↑ "Benefits of Rural Free Delivery"(Google News archive). Star and Sentinel. January 16, 1900. Retrieved June 1, 2014. Mr. A. B. Smith, Special Agent of the Post Office Department, who was in town [Gettysburg] last week establishing the route between this place and Taneytown. ...the "Post-office on Wheels" [had] been established...in the 19th century...if two-thirds of the citizens in any locality petition the department [then the department] will not cause the abolishing of any country post-offices.
↑ Geiselman, John P (1996). "Chapter20: title tbd". In Cleveland, Linda K. (ed.). Reflections. Preface: Audrey J. Sanders. Columbus GA: Brentwood Christian Press. p.111.
↑ "Over One Hundred Enjoy Feast"(Google News archive). Newspaper tbd. 1907. Jan. 23rd, Mason and Dixon Lodge, No. 69, I. O. O. F., of Harney, Md., celebrated its seventh birthday by giving a banquet in their lodge room in that place. The menu was…oysters, oranges, apples, bananas, celery, cheese, crackers, 12 large cakes and coffee. …vocal and instrumental music with John Thompson and Miss Dorothy Sharetts at the organ and Bro. Harry A. Snider and his son with their violin
1 2 "Articles about Harney by date", The Baltimore Sun, archived from the original(webpage with newspaper article excerpts) on March 4, 2016, retrieved May 30, 2014, 1998…baseball field they built more than 50 years ago but can no longer maintain
↑ "Map of the Battle-field of Gettysburg" (Map). Searchworks.stanford.edu. Cartography by 1st Lieut L Howell Brown, Army of Northern Virginia, copied by Hoffman. 1891.
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