Hydrophis

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Hydrophis
Hydrophis - Brehms.jpg
Annulated sea snake, H. cyanocinctus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Elapidae
Subfamily: Hydrophiinae
Genus: Hydrophis
Latreille In Sonnini & Latreille, 1801
Type species
Hydrophis platurus
Linnaeus, 1766
Species

See text

Synonyms

Disteira Lacépède, 1804

Hydrophis is a genus of sea snakes, venomous snakes in the subfamily Hydrophiinae of the family Elapidae. Species in the genus Hydrophis are typically found in Indo-Australian and Southeast Asian waters. Currently, around 36 species are recognized as being valid. [1]

Contents

Systematics and classification

There are more than 30 recognized species in the genus. [1]

SpeciesAuthoritySubsp.*Common nameGeographic range
H. annandalei (Laidlaw, 1901)0bighead sea snake, Annandale's sea snakeIndian Ocean
H. anomalus P. Schmidt, 18520anomalous sea snakeSouth Chinese Sea, Indian Ocean
H. atriceps Günther, 18640black-headed sea snake
H. belcheri (Gray, 1849)0 Belcher's sea snake Queensland and New Territories, Australia
H. bituberculatus W. Peters, 18730 Peters' sea snake Indian Ocean (Sri Lanka, Thailand)
H. brookii Günther, 18720 Brooke's sea snake
H. caerulescens (Shaw, 1802)2dwarf sea snake Queensland, Australia
H. cantoris Günther, 18640 Cantor's narrow-headed sea snake, Cantor's small-headed sea snake
H. coggeri (Kharin, 1984)0slender-necked sea snake, Cogger's sea snake [2] Western Australia
H. curtus (Shaw, 1802)0 Shaw's sea snake, short sea snake, Hardwicke's sea snake, spine-bellied sea snake
H. cyanocinctus Daudin, 18030annulated sea snake, blue-banded sea snake
H. czeblukovi (Kharin, 1984)0fine-spined sea snake
H. donaldi [3] Ukuwela, Sanders
& Fry, 2012
rough-scaled sea snake Northern Australia
H. elegans (Gray, 1842)0elegant sea snake
H. fasciatus (Schneider, 1799)0striped sea snake
H. hardwickii (Gray, 1834)0 Hardwicke's spine-bellied sea snake
H. inornatus (Gray, 1849)0plain sea snake Western Australia
H. jerdonii (Gray, 1849)2 Jerdon's sea snakeIndian Ocean
H. kingii Boulenger, 18960 King's sea snake
H. klossi Boulenger, 19120 Kloss' sea snake
H. laboutei Rasmussen & Ineich, 20000 Laboute's sea snake [2] New Caledonia
H. lamberti M.A. Smith, 19170Lambert's sea snake
H. lapemoides (Gray, 1849)0 Persian Gulf sea snake
H. macdowelli Kharin, 19830small-headed sea snake, McDowell's sea snake Western Australia
H. major (Shaw, 1802)0greater sea snake, olive-headed sea snake
H. mamillaris (Daudin, 1803)0 Bombay sea snake
H. melanocephalus Gray, 18490slender-necked sea snake
H. melanosoma Günther, 18640black-banded robust sea snake
H. nigrocinctus Daudin, 18030black-banded sea snake
H. obscurus Daudin, 18030estuarine sea snake, Russel's sea snake
H. ocellatus (Gray, 1849)0spotted sea snake
H. ornatus (Gray, 1842)4ornate reef sea snake
H. pacificus Boulenger, 18960large-headed sea snake
H. parviceps M.A. Smith, 19350 Smith's small-headed sea snake
H. peronii (A.M.C. Duméril, 1853)0 Peron's sea snake
H. platurus Linnaeus, 17660yellow-bellied sea snake
H. schistosus Daudin, 18030beaked sea snake Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf to Pacific Ocean [4] [5]
H. semperi Garman, 18810Lake Taal snake, Garman's sea snake, Philippine freshwater sea snake, Luzon sea snake
H. sibauensis A. Rasmussen, Auliya
& W. Böhme, 2001
0 Kalimantan sea snake
H. spiralis (Shaw, 1802)0yellow sea snake
H. stokesii (Gray, 1846)0 Stokes' sea snake, Stokes's sea snake
H. stricticollis Günther, 18640collared sea snake
H. torquatus Günther, 18642west coast black-headed sea snake
H. viperinus P. Schmidt, 18520viperine sea snakePersian Gulf and Western Indian Ocean to Western Pacific Ocean [6]
H. vorisi Kharin, 19840 estuarine sea snake Torres Strait, Queensland
H. zweifeli (Kharin, 1985)0Sepik beaked sea snake, Zweifel’s beaked sea snake

[7] *) Not including the nominate subspecies (typical form).

Nota bene : A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Hydrophis.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Hydrophis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System . Retrieved 7 September 2007.
  2. 1 2 Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN   978-1-4214-0135-5. (Hydrophis coggeri, p. 56; H. laboutei, p. 149).
  3. "Spiny, Venomous New Sea Snake Discovered—"Something Special"". Archived from the original on March 4, 2012. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
  4. Rasmussen, A. (15 February 2009). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Hydrophis schistosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  5. "Hydrophis schistosus".
  6. Rasmussen, A. (15 February 2009). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Hydrophis viperinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  7. "The Reptiles of Australia, Marine snakes". Archived from the original on 2010-06-16. Retrieved 2010-02-19. (downloaded Feb. 18,2010.)

Further reading