Hydrophis peronii, commonly known as the horned sea snake, Peron's sea snake, and the spiny-headed seasnake,[1] is a species of extremely venomous snake in the subfamilyHydrophiinae of the familyElapidae. The species is endemic to the western tropical Pacific Ocean.[4] It is the only sea snake with spines on the head. [3] It is sometimes placed in its own genusAcalyptophis.
The spiny-headed seasnake is a medium-size snake, with the diameter of the neck only one third to two fifths the diameter of the thickest part of the body.[4] The head is small and the tail flattened laterally. The supraoculars are raised, and their free borders are pointed.[4] This species reaches a snout-vent length (SVL) of up to 1.23m (4.0ft).[6]Dorsally, it is grayish, pale olive, or tan, with dark crossbands, which are narrower than the spaces between them and taper to a point on the sides of the belly. Ventrally, it is uniform whitish or with a series of dark crossbars alternating with spots.[4]
1 2 3 4 Boulenger GA (1896). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ) ... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I-XXV. (Acalyptophis peronii, pp. 269-270).
↑ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN978-1-4214-0135-5. (Acalyptophis peronii, p. 203).
1 2 3 4 "Acalyptophis peronii — Horned Seasnake". Species Profile and Threats Database. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberrra. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
↑ Cox MJ (1991). The Snakes of Thailand and their Husbandry. Malabar, Florida: Krieger. 564 pp. ISBN978-0894644375.
↑ Brongersma LD (1956). "Notes on New Guinean reptiles and amphibians V ". Proceedings Nederlandse Akademe Wetenschappen59C: 599-610.
Further reading
Bauer AM, Sadlier RA (Editors) (2000). The herpetofauna of New Caledonia. Contributions to Herpetology, 17. Ithaca, New York: Society for Study Amphibians and Reptiles.
Bauer AM, Vindum JV (1990). "A checklist and key to the herpetofauna of New Caledonia, with remarks on biogeography". Proc. California Acad. Sci.47 (2): 17-45.
Cogger HG (2000). Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, Sixth Edition. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Publishing. 808 pp. ISBN978-1876334338.
Cox, Merel J.; Van Dijk, Peter Paul; Nabhitabhata, Jaruji; Thirakhupt, Kumthorn (1998). A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Publishing. 144 pp. ISBN978-1853684388.
Duméril A-M-C, Bibron G, Duméril A[-H-A] (1854). Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième [Volume 7]. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris: Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret. xii + pp.781–1536. ("Acalyptus superciliosus vel Peroni ", p.1340). (in French).
Duméril [AMC] (1853). "Prodrome de la classification des reptiles ophidiens". Mém. Acad. Sci., Paris23: 399-536. ("Acalyptus Peronii ", new species, p.522). (in French).
Fischer JG (1856). "Die Familie der Seeschlangen". Abhandl. Nat. Ver. Hamburg3: 1-78. (in German).
Murphy JC, Cox MJ, Voris HK (1999). "A key to the sea snakes in the gulf of Thailand". Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc.47: 95-108.
Smith MA (1926). Monograph of the sea-snakes (Hydrophiidae). London: British Museum (Natural History). 130 pp.
Storr GM, Smith LA, Johnstone RE (2002). Snakes of Western Australia. Perth, Western Australia: Western Australian Museum. p.309.
Taylor EH (1965). "The serpents of Thailand and adjacent waters". Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull.45 (9): 609-1096.
Zhao E, Adler K (1993). Herpetology of China. Oxford, Ohio: Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR). 522 pp.
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