Ilyushin Il-14

Last updated
Il-14
Aeroflot Ilyushin Il-14 at Arlanda, November 1970.jpg
Il-14G of Aeroflot at Arlanda Airport in 1970
General information
Type Airliner, transport aircraft
National origin Soviet Union
Designer Ilyushin
StatusRetired
Primary users Soviet Air Force
Number built1,348
History
Introduction date1954 (Aeroflot)
First flight1 October 1950
Retired1998 (Vietnamese Air Force)
1998 (Syrian Air Force)
2005 (Russian CAA)
Developed from Ilyushin Il-12

The Ilyushin Il-14 (NATO reporting name: Crate) is a Soviet twin-engine commercial and military personnel and cargo transport aircraft that first flew in 1950, and entered service in 1954. The Il-14 was also manufactured in East Germany by VEB Flugzeugwerke as the VEB 14 and in Czechoslovakia as the Avia 14. The Ilyushin Il-14 was typically replaced by the Antonov An-24 and Yakovlev Yak-40.

Contents

Design and development

The Il-14 was developed as a replacement for the widespread Douglas DC-3 and its Soviet built version, the Lisunov Li-2. A development of the earlier Ilyushin Il-12 (that first flew in 1945 [1] ), the Il-14 was intended for use in both military and civil applications. The Il-12 had major problems with poor engine-out behaviour. Also, it had less payload capability than was originally planned (although the Il-12 was intended to carry 32 passengers, in service it only carried 18, which was uneconomical). [1]

An Avia 14T of CSA displayed at the 1957 Paris Air Show Ilyushin.Avia Av-14T OK-LCA LBG 29.05.57 edited-2.jpg
An Avia 14T of CSA displayed at the 1957 Paris Air Show

The development into the Il-14 was a vast improvement over the Il-12, with a new wing and a broader tailfin. It was powered by two 1,400 kW (1,900 hp) Shvetsov ASh-82T-7 radial piston engines. These changes greatly improved aerodynamic performance in engine-out conditions. [1]

Total production of the Il-14 was 1,345 aircraft: 1,065 in Moscow (Moscow Machinery Plant Nr.30) from 1956 to 1958 and Tashkent (Factory Nr.84) from 1954 to 1958. Licensed production of 80 in East Germany by VEB Flugzeugwerke Dresden (FWD) from 1956 to 1959 and 203 in Czechoslovakia by Avia in Prague, from 1956 to 1960. It was rugged and reliable, and thus was widely used in rural areas with poor quality airfields.

The type was also used by the East German aircraft industry as a test aircraft for the horizontal stabilizer of the Baade 152.

Variants

An Avia 14FG at Czech Museum Kunovice Avia 14FG Museum Kunovice CZ 100 0399.JPG
An Avia 14FG at Czech Museum Kunovice

License-built variants

Operators

Countries which have operated the Il-14 World operators of the Il-14.png
Countries which have operated the Il-14

The Il-14 operated in the Soviet Union until the 1980s and early 90s, and other nations like Cuba and Vietnam. However, the unlicensed Chinese built Y-6 remained in the People's Liberation Army Air Force as a trainer until the late 1980s.

Military operators

There are no current military operators of the Ilyushin Il-14.

The Cambodian Air Force operated 2 Il-14s in 1968. [5]
Czechoslovak-made Ilyushin Il-14 Avia Av-14FG.jpg
Czechoslovak-made Ilyushin Il-14
Indonesian Air Force Ilyushin Il-14 Avia 14F T-414.jpg
Indonesian Air Force Ilyushin Il-14
Stored Polish Air Force VEB Il-14S in Polish Aviation Museum in Krakow, 3 April 2011 Stored Il-14 Il-14 Il-14 of Polish Air Force in Cracow.jpg
Stored Polish Air Force VEB Il-14S in Polish Aviation Museum in Kraków, 3 April 2011
Ilyushin Il-14 on display at Vietnam Military History Museum Ilyushin Il-14T 'Il-14 - Hang Khong Viet Nam - C-482' (9735254984).jpg
Ilyushin Il-14 on display at Vietnam Military History Museum
Polish Air Force Ilyushin Il-14 Ilyushin Il-14 (Polish insignia).jpg
Polish Air Force Ilyushin Il-14

Civil operators

Very few examples remain airworthy, with some still in use for freight duties, and a handful maintained by aviation clubs and enthusiasts. Today only three aircraft remain airworthy in Russia: one, called "Soviet Union" at Gorelovo airfield near St. Petersburg, another, called "Penguin" has performed its maiden flight after restoration in 2012 and now is based at Stupino airfield near Moscow. The third aircraft, called "The Blue Dream" performed its maiden flight from Tushino airfield to Stupino airfield in May 2014 after more than 10 years repair performed by a team of aero enthusiasts. [7] [8] There was also one Il-14 that was possibly airworthy in the United States, but its registration was cancelled in July 2014. [9]

Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  People's Republic of China
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia
1961 photograph of an Ilyushin Il-14 operated by East-German airline Interflug Bundesarchiv DH 2 Bild-F-04180, Berlin-Schonefeld, Flughafenbau, Il14.jpg
1961 photograph of an Ilyushin Il-14 operated by East-German airline Interflug
Flag of East Germany.svg  East Germany
Flag of Guinea.svg  Guinea
Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran
Flag of Mali.svg  Mali
Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia
Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland
Flag of Romania (1952-1965).svg Romania
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
Vietnam Civil Aviation Department – later as Vietnam Civil Aviation (now Vietnam Airlines) [14]
Flag of Yemen.svg  Yemen
Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia

Specifications (Il-14M)

Ilyushin Il-14 Ilyushin Il-14 3-view line drawing.svg
Ilyushin Il-14

Data fromThe Encyclopedia of World Aircraft [15]

General characteristics

Performance

Incidents and accidents

See also

Related development

Related lists

References

  1. 1 2 3 Gunston, Bill (1995). The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft from 1875 – 1995. London: Osprey Aerospace. ISBN   1-85532-405-9.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 World Air Forces – Countries Archived 2012-07-16 at the Wayback Machine .
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Chris Chant, The World's Air Forces, 1979, ISBN   0-89009-269-9.
  4. "Albanian Air Force".
  5. Forsgren, Jan. "Cambodia Aviation Royale Khmere:Order of Battle for 1968". Aeroflight. 7 December 2004. Retrieved 21 February 2010.
  6. SIPRI [ permanent dead link ]
  7. "IL-14 restoration team's website" . Retrieved 2013-01-31.
  8. "IL-14 restoration team's facebook page". Facebook . Retrieved 2013-01-31.
  9. "FAA Registry, number N163RR". Federal Aviation Authority. Retrieved 2012-09-23.
  10. Ogden (2008)
  11. Zídek 1999, p. 17.
  12. Documentary of the Légiforgalmi Kulturális Központ (LKK)
  13. Flug revue 8/2012. Fliegen in Nordkorea
  14. Our Background
  15. Donald, David, ed. (1997). The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Aerospace Publishing. ISBN   1-85605-375-X.
  16. Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

The initial version of this article was based on material from aviation.ru. It has been released under the GFDL by the copyright holder.

Sources