Indian honorifics

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A Maratha Durbar showing the Chief (Raja) and the nobles (Sardars, Jagirdars, Sarpatil, Istamuradars & Mankaris) of the state. Maratha darbar.jpg
A Maratha Durbar showing the Chief (Raja) and the nobles (Sardars, Jagirdars, Sarpatil, Istamuradars & Mankaris) of the state.

Indian honorifics are honorific titles or appendices to names used in the Indian subcontinent, covering formal and informal social, commercial, and religious relationships. These may take the form of prefixes, suffixes or replacements.

Contents

Native honorifics

Honorifics with native/indigenous Hindu-Buddhist origin.

Hindu-Sikh honorifics

List of titles

Secular profession-specific honorifics

Influence on other cultures

Hinduism expansion in Asia, from its heartland in Indian Subcontinent, to the rest of Asia, especially Southeast Asia, started circa 1st century marked with the establishment of early Hindu settlements and polities in Southeast Asia. Hinduism Expansion in Asia 2023.svg
Hinduism expansion in Asia, from its heartland in Indian Subcontinent, to the rest of Asia, especially Southeast Asia, started circa 1st century marked with the establishment of early Hindu settlements and polities in Southeast Asia.

With the expansion of Indosphere cultural influence of Greater India, [3] through transmission of Hinduism in Southeast Asia [4] [5] [6] and the Silk Road transmission of Buddhism [7] [8] leading to Indianization of Southeast Asia with non-Indian southeast Asian native Indianized kingdoms [9] adopting Sanskritization [10] of their languages and titles as well as ongoing historic expansion of Indian diaspora has resulted in many overseas places having Indianised names (e.g. Sanskritised naming of people, Sanskritised naming of places, Sankritised institutional mottos, Sanskritised educational institute names), architecture, martial arts, music and dance, clothing, and cuisine. [11]

Please help expand the following partial list of Indian influenced honorifics:

Maratha honorifics

Associated with the Maratha Kingdom or general Marathi-speaking population.

Sikh honorific

Nepali (Gorkhali) honorifics

Associated with the Khas Kings of Nepal, esp. the Shah dynasty of the Kingdom of Gorkha.

Middle East honorifics

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jagir</span> Feudal land grant in South Asia started in 13th century

A jagir, also spelled as jageer, was a type of feudal land grant in the Indian subcontinent at the foundation of its Jagirdar (Zamindar) system. It developed during the Islamic rule era of the Indian subcontinent, starting in the early 13th century, wherein the powers to govern and collect tax from an estate was granted to an appointee of the state. The tenants were considered to be in the servitude of the jagirdar. There were two forms of jagir, one conditional, the other unconditional. The conditional jagir required the governing family to maintain troops and provide their service to the state when asked. The land grant, called iqta'a, was usually for a holder's lifetime; the land reverted to the state upon the death of the jagirdar.

Kulkarni is a family name native to the Indian state of Maharashtra and parts of Karnataka. The name "Kulkarni" is a combination of two words. Kula means "family", and Karanika means "archivist". Historically, Kulkarni was the title given to the village record keeper.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jijabai</span> Mother of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, founder of the Maratha empire

Jijabai Bhonsle (or Bhonsale, Bhosale, Bhosle) or Jadhav, referred to as Rajmata, Rastramata, Jijabai, Jijamata or Jijau, was the mother of Chattrapati Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire. She was a daughter of Lakhujirao Jadhav of Sindkhed Raja.

The Patil is an Indian last name and a title or surname. The female variant of the title is Patlin or Patlinbai, and is also used to describe the wife of a Patil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shahu of Kolhapur</span> Maharaja and Raja of Kolhapur from 1894 to 1922

Shahu of the Bhonsle dynasty of Marathas was a Raja and the first Maharaja (1900–1922) of the Indian princely state of Kolhapur. Rajarshi Shahu was considered a true democrat and social reformer. Shahu Maharaj was an able ruler who was associated with many progressive policies during his rule. From his coronation in 1894 till his demise in 1922, he worked for the cause of the lower caste subjects in his state. Primary education to all regardless of caste and creed was one of his most significant priorities.

Deshmukh (IAST:Dēśamukh), is a historical title conferred to the rulers of a Dēśamukhi. It is used as a surname in certain regions of India, specifically in the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana Andhra Pradesh and northern parts of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat, Goa whose family received it as a title.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mahur, Maharashtra</span> Town in Maharashtra, India

Mahur or Mahurgad is a town and religious place in Nanded district of Maharashtra, India. Mahur is the birthplace of Hindu God Dattatreya. Dattatreya parents Atri Rishi and Sati Anasuya Mata lived here. Brahmadev, Vishnudev and Lord Shiva once got a news about Anusaya Mata that there is no one more pious and pure as her. To test her piousness they arrived under the garb of asking Alm (bhiksha). Near Mahur, There is a Pious confluence of River Penganga and River Pus at Hiwara Sangam village, Tal. Mahagaon Vidarbha, from where the river flows northward. Penganga river forms a border between Vidarbha and Marathwada. Mahur falls just about 3kms inside Marathwada due to river banks.

Indapur is a town and a municipal council in Pune district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Indapur is known for Jahagir of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's father and grandfather. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's grandfather Malojiraje died in battle in Indapur.

Krishnajirao III, belonging to the Puar dynasty of the Marathas, was the third and last reigning Maharaja of Dewas State (senior), reigning from 23 March 1947 to 27 June 1948. The only son of Sir Vikramsinhrao, Maharaja of Dewas, he was 15 years old when his father abdicated to become Chhatrapati Shahaji II Bhonsle, Maharaja of Kolhapur. As such, he ruled Dewas under the regency of his mother, Maharani Pramilabai for the brief time between his succession and Indian independence on 15 August 1947. On 27 June 1948, Dewas and other Maratha kingdoms merged to form the Madhya Bharat Union. Derecognised by the Government of India in 1971 as a ruler, he lived a quiet life until his death at the age of 66 on 21 January 1999. He was succeeded by his only son, Tukojirao IV.

Bhoite is a surname found amongst the Maratha caste, mainly in the state of Maharashtra in India but it also appears in Indian states bordering Maharashtra.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salunkhe</span>

Salunkhe (साळुंखे) is the surname of a prominent Maratha clan mostly from Maharashtra and neighbouring states in India.

Harpale (हरपळे) is a surname used by Indian Maratha community. The name is legendary among Maratha Royalties. They were honoured as Sardar, Patil and Deshmukh. They have a Royal Mark of Gaikwad Maharajas of Baroda. They possess Deshmukh rights of villages in Nagpur. Their relations are associated with the prominent Maratha clan of 96 Royal Clans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kolhapur State</span> Maratha princely state of India

Kolhapur State or Kolhapur Kingdom (1710–1949) was a Maratha princely State of India, under the Deccan Division of the Bombay Presidency, and later the Deccan States Agency. It was considered the most important of the Maratha principalities with the others being Baroda State, Gwalior State and Indore State. Its rulers, of the Bhonsle dynasty, were entitled to a 19-gun salute – thus Kolhapur was also known as a 19-gun state. The state flag was a swallow-tailed saffron pennant.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaga Bhatt</span> Brahmin who crowned Shivaji

Vishveshvara Bhatta, popularly known as Gang Bhatt was a 17th-century Brahmin scholar from Varanasi, best known for presiding over the coronation of the Maratha king, Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.

Pisal is surname mainly found amongst the 96 Maratha clans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maratha titles</span> Titles used by Maratha community of India

The following list includes a brief about the titles of nobility or orders of chivalry used by the Marathas of India and by the Marathis/Konkanis in general.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acar</span> Vegetable pickle made in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines and Brunei.

Acar is a type of vegetable pickle of Maritime Southeast Asia, most prevalent in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. It is a localised version of Indian achar. It is known as atjar in Dutch cuisine, derived from Indonesian acar. Acar is usually prepared in bulk as it may easily be stored in a well-sealed glass jar in refrigerator for a week, and served as a condiment for any meals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solunke</span>

Solunke (सोळुंके) is the surname of a prominent Maratha or Rajput clan mostly from Maharashtra and neighbouring states in India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Purandare</span> Surname

Purandare is prominent Indian family of Nobles, Sardars, Patil, Jagirdars during Maratha Empire. They belong to Deshastha Rigvedi Brahmin (DRB) community. Dhondo Malhar Purandare, a member of purandare family held the patilki watan of Vadule, a village in present day Shevgaon taluka in Ahmednagar district. Purandare wada (palace} in Saswad was the seat of the Purandares until 1818, when the Peshwas lost control to the British East India Company after the Third Anglo-Maratha War.The Purandare Wada still stands but is in a much dilapidated state. The design of the Purandare wada was the inspiration for the better known Shaniwar Wada in Pune.

References

  1. Talbot, Cynthia (2001). Precolonial India in practice: Society, region, and identity in medieval Andhra. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 81. ISBN   0-19-513661-6.
  2. T.N. Madan (1982). Way of Life: King, Householder, Renouncer: Essays in Honour of Louis Dumont (1st ed.). Institute of Economic Growth. p. 129. ISBN   81-208-0527-5.
  3. Kenneth R. Hal (1985). Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press. p. 63. ISBN   978-0-8248-0843-3.
  4. Guy, John (2014). Lost Kingdoms: Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Early Southeast Asia, Metropolitan museum, New York: exhibition catalogues. Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN   9781588395245.
  5. "The spread of Hinduism in Southeast Asia and the Pacific". Britannica.
  6. History of Ancient India Kapur, Kamlesh
  7. Fussman, Gérard (2008–2009). "History of India and Greater India". La Lettre du Collège de France (4): 24–25. doi: 10.4000/lettre-cdf.756 . Retrieved 20 December 2016.
  8. Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN   978-0-8248-0368-1.
  9. Manguin, Pierre-Yves (2002), "From Funan to Sriwijaya: Cultural continuities and discontinuities in the Early Historical maritime states of Southeast Asia", 25 tahun kerjasama Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi dan Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi / EFEO, pp. 59–82
  10. Lavy, Paul (2003), "As in Heaven, So on Earth: The Politics of Visnu Siva and Harihara Images in Preangkorian Khmer Civilisation", Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 34 (1): 21–39, doi:10.1017/S002246340300002X, S2CID   154819912 , retrieved 23 December 2015
  11. Kulke, Hermann (2004). A history of India. Rothermund, Dietmar, 1933– (4th ed.). New York: Routledge. ISBN   0203391268. OCLC   57054139.