Islamic State insurgency in Puntland

Last updated
Islamic State insurgency in Puntland
Part of American military intervention in Puntland, War against the Islamic State, and War on terror
Puntland forces sniper pursuing Daesh forces in Almiskaad mountains.jpg
Sniper during security operations against ISIS forces in the Almiskaad mountains (March 2025)
Date22 October 2015 – present
(9 years, 10 months and 2 days)
Location
Status Ongoing
Belligerents
Supported by:
Islamic State - Yemen Province.svg Yemen Wilayah [4]
Somali pirates [5]
Commanders and leaders

Flag of Puntland.svg Said Abdullahi Deni
Flag of Puntland.svg Ilyas Osman Lugator Former:
Flag of Puntland.svg Abdiweli Gaas
Flag of Puntland.svg Abdihakim Amey
Flag of Puntland.svg Ahmed Elmi Osman

Contents


Flag of the United States.svg Donald Trump
Flag of the United States.svg Pete Hegseth
Former:
Flag of the United States.svg Joe Biden
Flag of the United States.svg Robert Gates
Flag of the United States.svg Leon Panetta
Flag of the United States.svg Chuck Hagel
Flag of the United States.svg Ash Carter
Flag of the United States.svg Jim Mattis
Flag of the United States.svg Mark Esper
Flag of the United States.svg Lloyd Austin
Flag of the United States.svg Barack Obama

Islamic State flag.svg Abdul Qadir Mumin
(leader of ISS)
Islamic State flag.svg Abdirahman Shirwac Aw-Said  White flag icon.svg [6]

Casualties:
  • Islamic State flag.svg Abdirahman Fahiye Isse Mohamud  (Deputy of Abdul Qadir Mumin) [7]
  • Islamic State flag.svg Mahad Maalin 
  • Islamic State flag.svg Abdihakim Mohamed Ibrahim ("Dhoqob") 
  • Islamic State flag.svg Bilal al-Sudani 23 January 2023 
Units involved


Islamic State flag.svg Military of the Islamic State
Strength

Flag of Puntland.svg ~15,800

Flag of the United States Air Force.svg ~ 100
Islamic State flag.svg 600–700 (UN est.)
1,000-strong (Puntland government est.)
[9]
Casualties and losses
Unknown Operation Hilaac:
700+ militants killed [10]
Qandala campaign 25,700+ displaced [11]
Hillaac campaign 19,640+ families displaced, (December–ongoing 2024) [12]

The Islamic State insurgency in Puntland started on 22 October 2015 after former al-Shabaab jihadist Abdul Qadir Mumin pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and the Islamic State, creating the "Islamic State in Somalia" (Abnaa ul-Calipha) and settling in the Galgala region, in Puntland. [13] [14] [15]

Since the onset of the Islamic State in Puntland, it has engaged in numerous clashes with al-Shabab, Puntland forces, and the United States' military. In 2016, the Islamic State took control of Qandala for nearly two weeks. [16] In 2018, heavy fighting broke out between the Islamic State and al-Shabab. [17] [18] [19] In 2019, the Islamic State carried out IED attacks. [20] Puntland Forces also executed several Al-Shaabab and Islamic State militants. [21] In 2020, Puntland began a campaign against the Islamic State with the help of the US military. The Islamic State claimed to have killed US troops. [22] [23] [24] In 2021, the Islamic State continued hit and run attacks. [25] In 2023, the Islamic State increased its activity and engaged in a few skirmishes with Al-Shabaab in 2023. [26] [27] [28] On January 25, Bilal al-Sudani was killed in a raid by DEVGRU. [29]

In November 2024, the semi-autonomous state of Puntland declared a major military offensive, led by the Puntland Security Forces, Puntland Dervish Forces,Puntland Maritime Police Forces, with support from the United States Africa Command, and the United Arab Emirate Airforce against the Islamic State in the Bari region. [30] The operation was codenamed Hilaac Operation . This marked the first time that Puntland forces had launched a major military offensive on this scale since the Qandala campaign in 2016. [31] [32] [33]

Background

Qandala taken over by Islamic State

On October 26, 2016, fighters aligned with the Islamic State captured the small port town of Qandala in Puntland's Bari region. This was the first town Islamic State had taken control of in Somalia, the first notable expansion of their influence beyond their usual mountainous hideouts. [34]

The takeover led to the displacement of over 25,700 civilians and the humanitarian impact of the conflict. [35]

Counter-Offensive

Puntland Security Forces (PSF) launched a counter-offensive on December 3, 2016, which took aim at retaking Qandala. This operation involved both land and sea movements and faced resistance from Islamic State fighters, who had set up defenses around the town. [36]

On December 7, 2016, Puntland forces successfully retook Qandala, with no resistance encountered as Islamic State had retreated to the mountainous areas south of the town. [37]

After retaking Qandala, Puntland forces continued their operations into the nearby mountains, where they attacked and destroyed an Islamic State base at El Ladid on December 18, 2016. This was part of efforts to prevent Islamic State from regrouping. [38]

Qandala's capture was both strategically and symbolically important for Islamic State. It provided them with a port for potential supply lines from Yemen and was a symbol of resistance due to historical significance in Somali culture. [38]

The conflict exacerbated humanitarian issues, with schools closed, and the local population facing increased hardships amidst an ongoing drought. Humanitarian aid was provided to some of the displaced in nearby areas that included Buruc village. [35]

Puntland police arrested Islamic State members

On 26 June 2023, the Puntland Police Force arrested nine foreign individuals from Ethiopia, Sudan and Syria in Amaamo, Balidhidin of the Bari region and released their names. [39]

Recent Clashes

Dharjaale battle

On the early morning of 31 December 2024, 12 Inghimāsīyyūn from the Islamic State attacked an amassing Dervish force prepped for the Hilaac campaign. The assault began with a suicide vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (SVBIED) targeting the supply camp, causing both casualties and material damage. This was shortly followed by another SVBIED, which included two suicide bombers, targeting the main camp. After the initial explosions, the remaining Inghimāsīyyūn began engaging Puntland forces for several hours until they were eliminated. [40] [41] [42] Puntland forces said they had killed 8 fighters and had "foiled" the attack. [43] Following the attack, multiple videos and images were released by reporters showing a collapsed building resulting from the SVBIED blasts, several burned-out vehicles, and the bodies of the Islamic State fighters. Amaq later released a report stating to have killed 20+ Puntland forces and wounded over 10, and inflicted significant material damage, which aligned with what had been reported. [44] Puntland's claim of foiling the attack was questioned by some security analysts, as the role of an Inghimāsīy is to inflict as much damage as possible, expecting to be killed. Given that the Islamic State successfully achieved this objective, it could be seen that the Dharjaale assault was a victory for the Islamic State. This attack was the first of its kind in terms of scale and sophistication for the Islamic State in Somalia, occurring just after Puntland announced a major offensive against both the Islamic State and al-Shabaab. President Said Abdullahi Deni has been actively involved, meeting with security officials in Bosaso to prepare for this campaign. The offensive is seen as part of a broader strategy to eliminate the Islamic State presence in the region, with some implications for Islamic State operations in Western & Central Africa. [45]

After the Islamic State attack, high-ranking officials, including members of the Task Force, Puntland lawmakers, the Director of the Puntland Maritime Police Force, and presidential aides, were at the airport to manage the evacuation of the injured soldiers. The soldiers were flown out of Bosaso Airport to Ethiopia for medical care due to the complication of injuries resulting from the explosions. [46]

Islamic State mining gold in the Cal Miskaad mountains

Puntland officials said they are investigating how Islamic State uses gold mining in Cal-Miskaad of the Bari region to fund its activities. The group is mining gold and other resources in the mountains and taking advantage of the area's rich mineral deposits. Islamic State hires local workers for the mining operations. [47] At the same time, people living in areas controlled by Islamic State are forced to pay money to avoid interference with their lives and work. [47]

2025 Puntland Military Offensive against the Islamic State militants in the Bari Mountains

On 8 January 2025, the Puntland armed forces greatly increased their fight against Islamic State militants in the Al Miskat mountain range, located in the Bari region. These forces said they are working to block all escape routes and are closing in on areas where the militants are hiding. Puntland's Counter-Terrorism Operation said their troops are surrounding the Al Miskat mountains and moving into the suspected hideouts. Security operations are also happening in nearby areas like Hamure. The security force is also talked to local people and asked them to not collaborate with the militants. They warned residents to stay away from the group before it was too late. [48]

Puntland Security Force soldier with an RPG-7 during the campaign against ISS in the Calmiskaad Mountains of Bari region (Feb 2025) Puntland Security Force in Calmiskaad Mountains during fighting against Daesh.jpg
Puntland Security Force soldier with an RPG-7 during the campaign against ISS in the Calmiskaad Mountains of Bari region (Feb 2025)

On 9 January 2025, Puntland forces carry out drone strikes on Islamic State targets in the Cal Miskaad mountains near Balidhidhin District of Bari, The counterterrorism claimed that they killed of several militants. [49] [50]

After the aerial assaults, Puntland's counterterrorism forces captured four foreign Islamic State fighters from Ethiopia, Yemen, and Tanzania, while intercepting and destroying multiple explosive-carrying drones in Bari region. [51] [52]

Battle of Laba-Afle

On January 20, 2025, At least twenty people were killed, and over 10 others injured in two days of Laba-Afle battle between Islamic State militia members and Puntland armed forces near the Cal Miskat mountains of Bari region. [53]

Puntland forces undergoing final preparations for phase three of the operations to eliminate Islamic States forces in the Almiskat mountains (April 2025) Puntland forces fighting Daesh in Almiskat.jpg
Puntland forces undergoing final preparations for phase three of the operations to eliminate Islamic States forces in the Almiskat mountains (April 2025)

Puntland counterterrorism unit operation's spokesperson, Brigadier General Mohamud Mohamed Ahmed, reported that fifteen IS militants and six Puntland soldiers died during the Sunday and Monday fighting. He added that IS fighters used improvised explosive devices (IEDs) to defend their hideouts near Balidhidin. A landmine explosion killed six soldiers and injured three others while they were clearing the area. [54]

Ahmed also mentioned that Puntland forces killed eight IS militants during the operation, which extended into Monday. [55]

Reactions

On 23 January 2025, Puntland Vice President Ilyas Osman Lugatoor has accused Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud’s administration of obstructing the evacuation of war casualties in the fight against ISIS. Speaking on Thursday, Ilyas criticized the federal government for hindering humanitarian operations instead of assisting Puntland’s counterterrorism efforts. [56]

"We do not seek support from the federal government, as it has failed to assist us in combating ISIS. The most recent evacuation of injured personnel was blocked due to their refusal of consent," he alleged. [56]

Ilyas further claimed that Puntland had received no share of international counterterrorism aid allocated to Somalia, despite its frontline role against ISIS. Highlighting Puntland's successes, he stated, "Over 65% of the territory previously controlled by ISIS has been reclaimed. Puntland does not and will not require external troops, whether from the federal government or elsewhere." [56]

Timeline

Approximate map of the current phase of the Somali Civil War (Updated June 2025)
Somalia:
.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}
Under control of the Federal Government of Somalia, the African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia, and the United States
Under control of the Government of Puntland
Under control of the Jubaland Dervish Force and the Raskamboni Movement
Jihadist insurgent groups:
Under presence/control of al-Qaeda-backed al-Shabaab and allies
Under control of Islamic State-backed Somalia Wilayah
Somaliland:
Under control of the self-declared state of Somaliland
(For a more detailed map of the current military situation, see here.) Somali Civil War (Google Live Map).svg
Approximate map of the current phase of the Somali Civil War (Updated June 2025)
Flag of Somalia.svg Somalia:
  Under control of the Government of Puntland
  Under control of the Jubaland Dervish Force and the Raskamboni Movement

AQMI Flag asymmetric.svg Jihadist insurgent groups:
  Under presence/control of al-Qaeda-backed al-Shabaab and allies
  Under control of Islamic State-backed Somalia Wilayah

Flag of Somaliland.svg Somaliland:
  Under control of the self-declared state of Somaliland

(For a more detailed map of the current military situation, see here.)

January 2025

February 2025

March 2025

May 2025

June 2025

August 2025

References

  1. Mohamed Olad Hassan (19 December 2016). "Regional Somali Forces 'Destroy' Islamic State Base". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
  2. "ISIL's First East African Affiliate Conducts Attacks in Somalia, Kenya". DefenseNews. 29 December 2015.
  3. "Somalia: Pro-ISIL militants, Al Shabaab clash in deadly Puntland infighting". Garowe Online. 24 December 2015. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  4. Harun Maruf (28 October 2016). "Somali Officials Vow to Retake Puntland Town". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 11 February 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
  5. Robyn Kriel; Briana Duggan (10 July 2017). "CNN Exclusive: Somali pirate kings are under investigation for helping ISIS and al-Shabaab". CNN . Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
  6. "Senior Islamic State Somalia commander captured in Puntland". Reuters. 3 February 2025.
  7. "Waa kuma ku xigeenkii hogaamiyaha Daacish ee ku dhintay duqayntii Maraykanka ee Puntland ka dhacday". 5 February 2025.
  8. "TRAC Incident Report: United States Government Claims to Have Killed Senior Islamic State Financier, Bilal al-Sudani, and 10 Other IS Operatives in Northern Somalia - 25 January 2023". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  9. Multiple Sources:
  10. "Puntland says 700 foreign ISIS fighters killed in Cal Miskaad offensive". Hiraan. Retrieved 2025-08-24.
  11. "Somalia: UN - Fighting Near Qandala Town Displaces 25,700". AllAfrica.com. 8 December 2016. Archived from the original on 12 February 2017. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
  12. 1 2 "Puntland Appeals for Urgent Aid Amid Military Operations Against ISIS". hornobserver.com. 2025-01-17. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
  13. "Shabaab's leadership fights Islamic State's attempted expansion in East Africa – The Long War Journal". 26 October 2015. Archived from the original on 3 October 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  14. "Small group of Somali al Shabaab swear allegiance to Islamic State". Reuters. 23 October 2015. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  15. Hummel, Kristina (2024-08-13). "The Death of an Islamic State Global Leader in Africa?". Combating Terrorism Center at West Point. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  16. "(Claim) Islamic State in Somalia - (Abnaa ul-Calipha / ISS): IED Detonation on Somali Army Vehicle Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia - 13 December 2017". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  17. "(Claim & Video) Islamic State in Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha): Armed Assault Kills 14 al Shabaab members in Cal-Miskaad mountains, near Qandala, Bari province, Eastern Somalia - 15 December 2018 (Update 18 December 2018)". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  18. "(Claim) Islamic State in Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha / ISS): Assassination of custom officer on 30th Street in Bosaso, Bari province, Puntland State, Somalia - 01 November 2018". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  19. "(Claim) Islamic State in Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha - ISS) claimed assassination of 3 Christians and injuring 2 others in Bosaso, Somalia - 01 October 2018". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  20. "(Claim) Islamic State in Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha): Yesterday, IED attack Targets Special Forces Foot Patrol Near Bosaso, Bari region, Puntland, Somalia - 14 August 2019". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  21. "ISIS and Al Shabaab militants executed in Somalia's Puntland". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  22. "TRAC INCIDENT REPORT: U.S. Airstrike Assists Somali Ground Offensive Targeting Islamic State (Abnaa ul-Calipha) Presence Near Timirshe, Southeast of Bosaso, Somalia - 21 July 2020 (IS Claims To Have Killed US Forces)". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  23. "(Video) Islamic State in Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha / ISS): 'They Answered the Call - 3'- Somalia, 28 February 2020". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  24. "(Video) Islamic State Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha): To Be Absolved Before Your Lord 3, Somalia- 15 December 2020 (Declaring War on al Shabaab)". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  25. "(Claim) Islamic State Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha) Yesterday, Militants Detonated An Explosive Device On A Foot Patrol Within A Convoy Of The Puntland Forces In the Area Of The Mountains Of Ali Maskad South of Bosaso, Somalia – 29 August 2021". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  26. "TRAC Incident Report: Islamic State Somalia (ISS) Militants Targeted a Military Convoy Carrying a Electoral Team with an IED, in Wadi Jeil, South East of Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia – 13 February 2023". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  27. "(Video) Islamic State Somalia (Abnaa ul-Calipha): God is the Guardian of the Believers - 20 January 2023". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  28. "TRAC Incident Report: al-Shabaab and Islamic State Somalia (ISS) Clash Around Dadamale and Qura'da, Bari Region, Puntland, Somalia - 10-12 March 2023". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  29. "TRAC Incident Report: United States Government Claims to Have Killed Senior Islamic State Financier, Bilal al-Sudani, and 10 Other IS Operatives in Northern Somalia - 25 January 2023". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  30. 𝕯𝖗. 𝐗𝐈𝐃𝐃𝐈𝐆 (2024-11-30). "Puntland Plans Major Military Offensive Against ISIS in Bari and Sanaag Mountains". Idil News. Archived from the original on 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  31. "Oil-Rich Somali Region Plans New Offensive Against Islamic State". Bloomberg.com. 2024-12-12. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  32. Weiss, Caleb (2024-12-31). "Analysis: Puntland forces repel Islamic State suicide assault". FDD's Long War Journal. Archived from the original on 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  33. Dalmar (2024-09-26). "President Deni Vows to Eradicate Al-Shabab and IS-Somalia from their Mountainous Hideouts". Somali News in English | The Somali Digest. Archived from the original on 2024-09-26. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  34. Gaffey, Conor (2016-10-26). "ISIS-Aligned Militants Seize Town in Somali Region". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  35. 1 2 "OCHA Somalia Flash Update – Humanitarian impact of fighting in Qandala, Puntland | 6 December 2016 – Somalia | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 2016-12-06. Archived from the original on 2025-01-08. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  36. Omar, Feisal; Sheikh, Abdi (27 October 2016). "Islamic State-aligned group takes Somali town, say officials". Reuters.
  37. "Forces Retake Somali Town Held by Pro-Islamic State Fighters". Voice of America. 2016-12-07. Archived from the original on 2019-04-13. Retrieved 2025-01-11.
  38. 1 2 "Regional Somali Forces 'Destroy' Islamic State Base". Voice of America. 2016-12-19. Archived from the original on 2024-09-30. Retrieved 2025-01-11.
  39. "Top ISIS Commander Among Suspects Apprehended in Puntland Anti-Terror Operations". The Somali Digest. 2023-06-27. Archived from the original on 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  40. Wójcik, Paweł (December 2024). "Initial reports of the attack in Dharjaale". X.
  41. "Islamic State claims responsibility for attack on Somalia's Puntland military base". Reuters. Jan 2025.
  42. Kaaman, Hugo (Jan 2025). "IS-Somalia carried out its most audacious attack ever yesterday".
  43. "Foreign Fighters Killed in Foiled ISIS Attack in Somalia's Puntland". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Archived from the original on 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  44. "Amaq News report on the attack that occurred on the 31st of December 2024". X (formerly Twitter). Jan 2025. Archived from the original on 2025-01-19. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  45. Hummel, Kristina (2024-09-11). "Islamic State-Somalia: A Growing Global Terror Concern". Combating Terrorism Center at West Point. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  46. "Puntland Evacuates Injured Soldiers to Ethiopia After ISIS Attack". hornobserver.com. 2025-01-03. Archived from the original on 2025-01-05. Retrieved 2025-01-05.
  47. 1 2 "ISIS Believed to Engage in Gold Mining in Puntland to Fund Its Activities". hornobserver.com. 2025-01-05. Archived from the original on 2025-01-05. Retrieved 2025-01-05.
  48. "Puntland forces tighten noose around ISIS militants in Bari mountains". Halqabsi News. 2025-01-08. Archived from the original on 2025-01-10. Retrieved 2025-01-10.
  49. 1 2 "Puntland Forces Conduct Airstrikes on ISIS Positions Around Balidhidin of Bari Region". Idil News. 9 January 2025. Archived from the original on 9 January 2025. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
  50. "Duqeymo ka dhacay degaano ka mid ah gobolka Bari". Voice of America (in Somali). 2025-01-09. Retrieved 2025-01-10.
  51. "Islamic State Foreign Fighters Surrender in Somalia's Puntland Amid Offensive". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Archived from the original on 2025-01-10. Retrieved 2025-01-10.
  52. 1 2 𝕯𝖗. 𝐗𝐈𝐃𝐃𝐈𝐆 (2025-01-02). "Puntland Forces Conduct Airstrikes on ISIS Positions in Bari Region". Idil News. Archived from the original on 2025-01-03. Retrieved 2025-01-04.
  53. "Wararkii ugu dambeeyey dagaalka ciidamada Puntland, iyo Daacish". Voice of America (in Somali). 2025-01-21. Archived from the original on 2025-01-21. Retrieved 2025-01-22.
  54. "Somalia: Over 20 killed as Puntland forces battle Islamic State militants". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Archived from the original on 2025-01-22. Retrieved 2025-01-22.
  55. "Over 20 killed in clash between security forces, Islamic State fighters in Somalia". Voice of America. 2025-01-21. Archived from the original on 2025-01-22. Retrieved 2025-01-22.
  56. 1 2 3 Adinda, Charles (2025-01-23). "Puntland accuses Somali government of sabotaging anti-ISIS operation". The Eastleigh Voice News. Archived from the original on 2025-01-24. Retrieved 2025-01-24.
  57. "Identifying the bodies in the photos". X.
  58. "TRAC Incident Report: Twelve Islamic State Somalia (ISS) Militants from Seven Nationalities Conduct Complex Assault with VBIEDs, Suicide Bombers, Machine Guns, and Rocket-Propelled Grenades (RPGs), Targeting Puntland Forces Camp in Dharjaale Village, Iskushuban, Bari Region, Puntland, Somalia – 31 December 2024". TRAC. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  59. "Puntland oo sheegatay duqeyn ka dhan ah Daacish". VOA. 2 January 2025. Archived from the original on 2 January 2025. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  60. "Puntland Forces Gain Ground in Offensive Against ISIS Stronghold | Horseed Media". Horseed Media – Latest Somali News & Analysis. Retrieved 2025-01-12.
  61. "Ciidamada Puntland oo burburiyay 5 saldhig oo ay lahaayeen Daacish". www.hiiraan.com. Retrieved 2025-01-12.
  62. "Somalia: Puntland Troops Make Gains in Large-scale Offensive Against ISIS". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Archived from the original on 2025-01-12. Retrieved 2025-01-12.
  63. "Puntland oo sheegtay in ay guulo ka gaartay dagaalka ay kula jirto Daacish". Voice of America (in Somali). 2025-01-11. Archived from the original on 2025-01-12. Retrieved 2025-01-12.
  64. Jama (2025-01-11). "Puntland Advances Against IS-Somalia, Claims FGS Is Compromised". Somali News in English | The Somali Digest. Archived from the original on 2025-01-12. Retrieved 2025-01-12.
  65. 𝕯𝖗. 𝐗𝐈𝐃𝐃𝐈𝐆 (2025-01-13). "Puntland Forces Kill 26 ISIS Militants in Major Offensive in Bari Region". Idil News. Archived from the original on 2025-01-13. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  66. "Dhegeyso: Puntland oo fahfaahin ka bixisay howlgallo dhowaan laga fuliyay deegaanno ay joogaan Daacish". BBC News Somali (in Somali). 2025-01-13. Archived from the original on 2025-01-14. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  67. Presse, AFP-Agence France. "Several IS Fighters Killed In Somalia's Puntland State". www.barrons.com. Archived from the original on 2025-01-13. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  68. "Several Daesh fighters killed in Somalia's Puntland state". Arab News. 2025-01-14. Archived from the original on 2025-01-24. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  69. "Puntland forces record major victories against ISIS in Somalia". 16 January 2025. Archived from the original on 2025-01-17. Retrieved 2025-01-17.
  70. "BBC Monitoring – Essential Media Insight". monitoring.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
  71. "Puntland deploys Helicopter to support military offensive against Islamic State in Bari region". www.hiiraan.com. Archived from the original on 2025-01-23. Retrieved 2025-01-31.
  72. "Puntland deploys Helicopter to support military offensive againstIslamic State in Bari region". Modern Ghana. Archived from the original on 2025-01-23. Retrieved 2025-01-31.
  73. "Puntland blocks illegal entry of foreigners in IS crackdown". Voice of America. 2025-01-28. Archived from the original on 2025-01-30. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  74. "Somalia: Puntland Crackdown Targets ISIS-Linked Foreigners". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Archived from the original on 2025-01-29. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  75. "Puntland sentences two social media influencers for supporting ISIS". www.hiiraan.com. Archived from the original on 2025-01-29. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  76. Qoobey, Jibril (2025-01-28). "Puntland Military Court Sentences Two Men for Promoting ISIS Propaganda". Idil News. Archived from the original on 2025-01-29. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  77. "Somalia: An airstrike kills four civilians from the same family in Puntland". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Archived from the original on 2025-01-30. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  78. "Unidentified drone strike kills four civilians near ISIS stronghold in Bari region". www.hiiraan.com. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  79. "Puntland Forces Seize Key Towns from ISIS, Gain Strategic Advantage in Bari Region". 24 January 2025. Archived from the original on 2025-01-27. Retrieved 2025-02-06.
  80. "Puntland deports hundreds of undocumented Ethiopians over ISIS recruitment concerns". www.hiiraan.com. Archived from the original on 2025-01-30. Retrieved 2025-01-30.
  81. Ali, Idrees; Stewart, Phil; Ward, Jasper; Ali, Idrees; Stewart, Phil; Ward, Jasper (February 2025). "Trump says U.S. Carries out airstrikes on Islamic State in Somalia". Reuters.
  82. "Update: U.S. Forces Strike on ISIS-Somalia". www.africom.mil. Retrieved 2025-02-12.
  83. "Senior ISIS leader directing Western attacks killed in U.S. airstrike in Somalia". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
  84. "Key Islamic State planner killed in airstrike, US and Somali officials say". Voice of America. 2025-02-12. Retrieved 2025-02-15.
  85. "Puntland confirms 46 ISIS deaths in U.S. airstrikes on Al-Miskad Mountains". Hiiraan Online. 2 February 2025. Archived from the original on 3 February 2025. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
  86. "Senior ISIL Somalia commander captured in Puntland | Conflict News | Al Jazeera".
  87. "Puntland forces seize boat carrying illegal weapons". The EastAfrican. 2025-02-05. Retrieved 2025-02-08.
  88. "Somalia: Puntland Forces Kill 57 ISIS Militants, Mostly Foreigners". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-02-08.
  89. "Airstrike in Somalia's Puntland kills over 13 foreign Daesh fighters". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2025-02-11.
  90. "Scores dead as Islamic State attacks military base in Somalia". Voice of America. 2025-02-11. Retrieved 2025-02-15.
  91. "Somalia: Scores dead as Islamic State attacks military base in Puntland | Horseed Media". Horseed Media - Latest Somali News & Analysis. Retrieved 2025-02-12.
  92. "Islamic State attacks military bases in Somalia's Puntland". Reuters . 2025-02-11. Retrieved 2025-02-12.
  93. "Somalia: Puntland Forces Triumph Over ISIS, Killing Over 60 Militants in Lone Battle". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-02-12.
  94. "Two ISIS Militants Killed in Airstrike in Puntland- AFRICOM". goobjoog. Retrieved 2025-02-19.
  95. "US, and UAE carry out airstrikes against ISIS in Somalia's Puntland". Garowe Online. June 30, 2020.
  96. "U.S. Airstrikes Target ISIS in Somalia for Second Time This Month". Garowe Online. June 30, 2020.
  97. "UAE Airstrikes Hit ISIS in Somalia's Puntland, Killing Dozens of Militants". Garowe Online. June 30, 2020.
  98. "U.S. Airstrike Kills 16 ISIS Militants in Northern Somalia". goobjoog. Retrieved 2025-02-19.
  99. "VOA puntland spokes person confirms UAE and USA involvement in the Sunday airstrikes". 17 February 2025.
  100. "Somali, U.S. forces conduct airstrike on ISIS hideout in Puntland". www.hiiraan.com. Retrieved 2025-02-24.
  101. "Ciidamada Puntland oo raadadkii duqaymaha ugu tegey Curaar oo ay maanta qabsadeen. | Horseed Media". Horseed Media - Latest Somali News & Analysis. Retrieved 2025-02-24.
  102. "Somalia: Mass graves discovered in Puntland as ISIS loses grounds". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-02-26.
  103. "Puntland forces capture key ISIS strongholds in Al-Miskaat mountains". www.hiiraan.com. Retrieved 2025-02-26.
  104. Jama (2025-03-01). "Puntland Forces Capture Key ISIS Base in Buqa Caleed". Somali News in English | The Somali Digest. Retrieved 2025-03-02.
  105. "VIDEO: Ciidanka Puntland oo soo bandhigay goobo Daacish laga qabsaday. | Horseed Media". Horseed Media - Latest Somali News & Analysis. Retrieved 2025-03-02.
  106. "U.S. pledges more support to Somalia's Puntland in ISIS war". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-03-10.
  107. "UAE Airstrikes Target ISIS Bases in Somalia's Puntland". Garowe Online. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
  108. 𝕯𝖗. 𝐗𝐈𝐃𝐃𝐈𝐆 (2025-03-10). "UAE Airstrike Hits ISIS Militants in Miiraale Valley of Puntland's Cal Miskaad Mountains in Bari region". Idil News. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
  109. "Puntland forces kill isis drone chief in calmiskaad mountains operation". garoweonline.com. 2025-03-13. Retrieved 2025-03-15.
  110. "Puntland forces kill senior ISIS drone commander in targeted operation. | Hiiraan". hiiraan.com. Retrieved 2025-03-02.
  111. "Puntland Forces Seize Mirale Valley in Major Push Against ISIS". goobjoog. Retrieved 2025-06-02.
  112. "Puntland Seizes Mirale Valley, Former ISIS Stronghold". Mogadishu24. Retrieved 2025-06-02.
  113. Nor, Omar (2025-06-04). "Puntland Forces Kill Over 35 ISIS Fighters in Major Offensive | Shabelle Media Network" . Retrieved 2025-06-04.
  114. "Somalia: Puntland Forces Kill Over 35 ISIS Fighters in Major Offensive". Shabelle Media Network. 2025-06-04. Retrieved 2025-06-04.
  115. "Puntland Forces Capture Turkish ISIS fighter amid start of new offensive". Garowe Online. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  116. "Puntland confirms ISIS leader Abdikadir Mumin escaped as forces secure 98% of Calmiskaat Mountains". Hiraan. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  117. "Puntland forces capture final hideouts of ISIS militants in Bari region". Shabelle Media Network. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
  118. "Somalia: Puntland Forces Capture Two Foreign ISIS Fugitives Near Kalabayr". Garowe Online. Retrieved 2025-08-09.
  119. "Senior Puntland commando commander killed in ISIS roadside bombing". Hiraan. Retrieved 2025-08-09.
  120. "Ciidamada Puntland oo Calmiskaad ku dilay in ka badan 700 dagaalyahan Ajaanib ah" [Puntland forces kill more than 700 foreign fighters in Calmiskaad mountains of Bari region]. Garowe Online (in Somali). 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2025-08-23.
  121. "Somalia: Puntland State Forces Capture ISIS Positions in Bari Mountains". Shabelle Media Network. 2025-08-22. Retrieved 2025-08-23.