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| This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Japan |
General elections were held in Japan on 20 February 1932. [1] They were the last elections before the May 15 Incident, which marked the temporary end of party politics in Japan. Rikken Seiyūkai won 301 of the 466 seats in the House of Representatives.
In 1931, the ruling Rikken Minseitō opposed the Mukden Incident, which was engineered by the military. The anti-war Foreign Minister Kijuro Shidehara and Prime Minister Wakatsuki Reijirō were criticized for their intervention in military and was accused of "serious corruption". After the resignation of the Reijirō Cabinet, some right-wing members of the ruling party formed a coalition with the opposition Rikken Seiyūkai and elected Inukai Tsuyoshi as prime minister.
Before the elections, some businessmen and candidates were assassinated by the right-wing.
Despite assassinations of anti-war politicians, Rikken Minseitō was unpopular because of its mishandling of the economic crisis. The ruling right-wing Rikken Seiyūkai led by Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi won a landslide victory.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rikken Seiyūkai | 5,683,137 | 58.20 | 301 | +127 |
| Rikken Minseitō | 3,442,326 | 35.25 | 146 | –127 |
| Social Democratic Party | 125,758 | 1.29 | 3 | +1 |
| Shakai Taishūtō | 127,459 | 1.31 | 2 | New |
| Kakushintō | 36,839 | 0.38 | 2 | –1 |
| Other parties | 1,445 | 0.01 | 0 | – |
| Independents | 347,668 | 3.56 | 12 | +7 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 49,036 | – | – | – |
| Total | 9,813,668 | 100 | 466 | 0 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 13,103,679 | 74.89 | – | – |
| Source: Voice Japan | ||||
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Hamaguchi Osachi was a Japanese politician, cabinet minister and Prime Minister of Japan from 2 July 1929 to 14 April 1931. Nicknamed the "Lion Prime Minister" due to his dignified demeanor and mane-like hair, Hamaguchi served as leading member of the liberal Rikken Minseitō during the "Taishō Democracy" of interwar Japan; he survived an assassination attempt by a right-wing fanatic in 1930, but died about eight months later.
The Taishō period, or Taishō era, is a period in the history of Japan dating from 30 July 1912, to 25 December 1926, coinciding with the reign of the Emperor Taishō. The new emperor was a sickly man, which prompted the shift in political power from the old oligarchic group of elder statesmen to the Imperial Diet of Japan and the democratic parties. Thus, the era is considered the time of the liberal movement known as the "Taishō democracy" in Japan; it is usually distinguished from the preceding chaotic Meiji period and the following militaristic-driven first part of the Shōwa period.
The political situation in Japan (1914–44) dealt with the realities of the two World Wars and their effect on Japanese national policy.
Political parties appeared in Japan after the Meiji Restoration, and gradually increased in importance after the promulgation of the Meiji Constitution and the creation of the Diet of Japan. During the Taishō period, parliamentary democracy based on party politics temporarily succeeded in Japan, but in the 1930s the political parties were eclipsed by the military, and were dissolved in the 1940s during World War II
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