Japanese House of Councillors election, 2016

Last updated
Japanese House of Councillors election, 2016
Flag of Japan.svg
  2013 10 July 2016 2019  

121 (of the 242) seats in the House of Councillors
122 seats needed for a majority
 First partySecond partyThird party
  Shinzo Abe.jpg Katsuya Okada (2010).jpg Natsuo Yamaguchi.jpg
Leader Shinzō Abe Katsuya Okada Natsuo Yamaguchi
Party Liberal Democratic Democratic Komeito
Leader since26 September 201214 December 20148 September 2009
Last election115 seats, 34.7%New party20 seats, 14.2%
Seats after1214925
Seat changeIncrease2.svg6Decrease2.svg11Increase2.svg5
Popular vote20,114,83311,751,0097,572,973
Percentage35.9%21.0%13.5%
SwingIncrease2.svg1.2%N/ADecrease2.svg0.7%

 Fourth partyFifth partySixth party
  Kazuo Shii cropped.jpg Ichiro Matsui Ishin IMG 5775 20130713 cropped.jpg Nakayama K.jpg
Leader Kazuo Shii Ichirō Matsui Kyoko Nakayama
Party Communist Ishin Japanese Kokoro
Leader since24 November 20002 November 201521 December 2015
Last election11 seats, 9.7%New partyNew party
Seats after14123
Seat changeIncrease2.svg3Increase2.svg5Steady2.svg0
Popular vote6,016,2455,153,684734,024
Percentage10.7%9.2%1.3%
SwingIncrease2.svg1.0%N/AN/A

 Seventh partyEighth party
  Tadatomo Yoshida cropped 2 Masaharu Nakagawa Mizuho Fukushima and Tadatomo Yoshida 201204.jpg Ichiro Ozawa cropped 3 Yoshitaka Kimoto and Ichiro Ozawa 20010718.jpg
Leader Tadatomo Yoshida Ichirō Ozawa
Party Social Democratic People's Life
Leader since14 October 201325 January 2013
Last election3 seats, 2.4%2 seats, 1.8%
Seats after22
Seat changeDecrease2.svg1Decrease2.svg1
Popular vote1,536,2381,067,300
Percentage2.7%1.9%
SwingIncrease2.svg0.3%Increase2.svg0.1%

Japan 2016 HofR.png

President of the House of Councillors before election

Masaaki Yamazaki
Liberal Democratic

Elected President of the House of Councillors

Masaaki Yamazaki
Liberal Democratic

The 24th regular election of members of the House of Councillors (dai-nijūyon-kai Sangiin giin tsūjō senkyo, 第24回参議院議員通常選挙) was held on Sunday 10 July 2016 to elect 121 of the 242 members of the House of Councillors, the upper house of the 717-member bicameral National Diet of Japan, for a term of six years. As a result of the election, the LDP/Komeito coalition gained ten seats for a total of 146 (60.3% of all seats in the house), the largest coalition achieved since the size of the house was set at 242 seats. [1]

House of Councillors (Japan) upper house of Japan

The House of Councillors is the upper house of the National Diet of Japan. The House of Representatives is the lower house. The House of Councillors is the successor to the pre-war House of Peers. If the two houses disagree on matters of the budget, treaties, or designation of the prime minister, the House of Representatives can insist on its decision. In other decisions, the House of Representatives can override a vote of the House of Councillors only by a two-thirds majority of members present.

An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. Examples of upper houses in countries include the Australian Senate, Brazil's Senado Federal, the Canadian Senate, France's Sénat, Germany's Bundesrat, India's Rajya Sabha, Ireland's Seanad, Malaysia's Dewan Negara, the Netherlands' Eerste Kamer, Pakistan's Senate of Pakistan, Russia's Federation Council, Switzerland's Council of States, United Kingdom's House of Lords and the United States Senate.

National Diet legislature of Japan

The National Diet is Japan's bicameral legislature. It is composed of a lower house called the House of Representatives, and an upper house, called the House of Councillors. Both houses of the Diet are directly elected under parallel voting systems. In addition to passing laws, the Diet is formally responsible for selecting the Prime Minister. The Diet was first convened as the Imperial Diet in 1889 as a result of adopting the Meiji Constitution. The Diet took its current form in 1947 upon the adoption of the post-war constitution, which considers it the highest organ of state power. The National Diet Building is in Nagatachō, Chiyoda, Tokyo.

Contents

76 members were elected by single non-transferable vote (SNTV)/First-past-the-post (FPTP) voting in 45 multi- and single-member prefectural electoral districts; for the first time, there were two combined (gōku) single-member districts consisting of two prefectures each, Tottori-Shimane and Tokushima-Kōchi. This change and several other reapportionments were part of an electoral reform law passed by the Diet in July 2015 designed to reduce the maximum ratio of malapportionment in the House of Councillors below 3. [2] [3] The nationwide district which elects 48 members by D'Hondt proportional representation with most open lists remained unchanged.

Single non-transferable vote or SNTV is an electoral system used in multi-member constituency elections.

The Tottori-Shimane at-large district is a constituency of the House of Councillors in the Diet of Japan. It was formed pursuant to a 2015 revision of the Public Officers Election Law from a merger of the Tottori and Shimane at-large districts, the two smallest districts in the country, to address the imbalance in representation between rural and urban voters. The district has 1,068,348 registered voters and was contested for the first time at the House of Councillors election that was held on 10 July 2016.

The Tokushima-Kochi at-large district is a constituency of the House of Councillors in the Diet of Japan. The district was formed in 2015 from a merger of the Tokushima and Kōchi at-large districts. Liberal Democratic Party member Yusuke Nakanishi was elected as its first representative at the House of Councillors election in July 2016.

This election was the first national election since the 2015 change to the Public Offices Election Act allowed minors from 18 years of age to vote in national, prefectural and municipal elections and in referendums. [4]

Background

The term of members elected in the 2010 regular election (including those elected in subsequent by-elections or as runners-up) ends on July 25, 2016. Under the "Public Offices Election Act" (kōshoku-senkyo-hō), the regular election must be held within 30 days before that date, or under certain conditions if the Diet is in session or scheduled to open at that time, between 24 and 30 days after the closure of the session and thus potentially somewhat after the actual end of term. [5] The election date was July 10 with the deadline for nominations and the start of legal campaigning 18 days before the election (i.e. June 22). [6]

Prior to the election, the Liberal Democratic Party and its coalition partner Komeito controlled a two-thirds super-majority of seats in the House of Representatives but did not control a similar super-majority of seats in the House of Councillors, necessary to initiate amendments of the Constitution of Japan. [7] In order to deny a super-majority to the LDP and other pro-amendment parties, the parties opposed to amending the constitution (Democratic Party, Japanese Communist Party, Social Democratic Party and People's Life Party) agreed to field a single candidate in each single-seat district, leading to a number of one-on-one races between the LDP and an opposition candidate (most of which the LDP ultimately won). [8] Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, historically a vocal proponent of constitutional revision, generally avoided discussing the constitution during the campaign, instead focusing on his "Abenomics" economic policies. [9]

Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) Japanese political party

The Liberal Democratic Party of Japan, frequently abbreviated to LDP or Jimintō (自民党), is a conservative political party in Japan.

Komeito, formerly called New Komeito, is a political party in Japan founded by members of the Nichiren Buddhist-based new religious movement Soka Gakkai. The party is sometimes called by its former name, Clean Government Party.

House of Representatives (Japan) lower house of Japan

The House of Representatives is the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors is the upper house.

On the eve of the election, Gerald Curtis described the race as "one of the dullest in recent memory," pointing out that "never in Japan's postwar history has the political opposition been as enfeebled as it is now... That's why widespread public disappointment with the government's economic policies hasn't hurt Mr. Abe politically. The prevailing sentiment is that he has done better than his predecessors, and replacing him with another LDP leader, let alone an opposition coalition government, would only make matters worse—especially now that the global economy is in turmoil." [10]

Gerald Curtis American political scientist

Gerald L. Curtis is an American academic, a political scientist interested in comparative politics, Japanese politics and U.S.-Japan relations.

Pre-election composition

As of the official announcement (kōji, the candidate registration deadline and when the campaign starts) on 22 June (count by Yomiuri Shimbun ): [11]

37598219501165
O not upMain opposition seats upRORO upVK upLDP seats upKLDP seats not up

In the class of members facing re-election, the ruling coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Kōmeitō had a combined 60 of 121 seats, slightly short of a majority (as of June 2016). [12] The main opposition Democratic Party held 47 seats. [12] As the coalition held 77 seats not being contested at this election, they only needed to retain 44 seats in the election to maintain their majority in the House. The LDP, which held 117 seats alone, had to gain five seats to reach a majority of its own and make the coalition with Kōmeitō unnecessary. In the other direction, the governing coalition would have to lose 16 seats or more to forfeit its overall majority in the House of Councillors and face a technically divided Diet. However, as independents and minor opposition groups might be willing to support the government on a regular basis without inclusion in the cabinet, the losses required to face an actual divided Diet may have been much higher. If the Diet were divided after the election, the coalition's two-thirds majority in the House of Representatives could still override the House of Councillors and pass legislation, but certain Diet decisions, notably the approval of certain nominations by the cabinet such as public safety commission members or Bank of Japan governor, would require the cooperation of at least part of the opposition or an expansion of the ruling coalition.

Among the members facing re-election were House of Councillors President Masaaki Yamazaki (LDP, Fukui), Vice President Azuma Koshiishi (DPJ, Yamanashi), Justice Minister Mitsuhide Iwaki (LDP, Fukushima) and Okinawa and Science Minister Aiko Shimajiri (LDP, Okinawa).

Policy effects

The election gave a two-thirds super-majority in the upper house to the four parties in favor of constitutional revision. After the election, Abe publicly acknowledged that constitutional revision would be "not so easy" and said "I expect the discussion will be deepened." The Chinese government voiced concern about the result, while South Korean newspaper Munhwa Ilbo opined that the election results "opened the door for a Japan that can go to war." [9]

Abe announced a major economic stimulus package following the election, leading to a spike in the Japanese stock markets. [13]

District reapportionment

The following districts saw a change in their representation within the House at this election. One set of reforms were introduced in 2012 and first took effect at the 2013 election; the districts affected by the 2015 reforms are shaded.

District Magnitude Notes
Hokkaidō 3Increased from 2
Miyagi 1Decreased from 2
Fukushima 12 incumbents in outgoing class (reapportioned in 2012)
Tokyo 6Increased from 5
Kanagawa 43 incumbents in outgoing class (reapportioned in 2012)
Niigata 1Decreased from 2
Nagano 1Decreased from 2
Gifu 12 incumbents in outgoing class (reapportioned in 2012)
Aichi 4Increased from 3
Osaka 43 incumbents in outgoing class (reapportioned in 2012)
Hyogo 3Increased from 2
Tottori-Shimane 1Created from the merger of the single-member Tottori and Shimane districts
Tokushima-Kōchi 1Created from the merger of the single-member Tokushima and Kochi districts
Fukuoka 3Increased from 2

Opinion Polls

DatebyRuling
Coalition
Ruling
Coal.
total
OppositionSource
LDP KM DP JCP IFO SDP PLP PJK NRP Oth.Ind.
July 5–6 Asahi 5614703078100005 [14]
July 3–5 Kyodo & Tokyo 58147227106100005 [15]
July 3–5 Kyodo 6014742796100004 [16]
[17]
July 3–5 Nikkei 49–6510–1559–8019–387–154–80–10–1002–7 [18]
July 3–5 Yomiuri ------------ [19]
July 1–3 Sankei & FNN 59127128107100004 [20]
July 1–3 Dwango & Line 55146927108110005 [21]
July 1–3 Jiji ------------ [22]
June 22 – July 3 Yahoo! 611071261185 [23]
June 22–23 Asahi 5714713087100004 [24] [25]
June 22–23 Mainichi 58–6512–1470–7922–317–125–80–100002–3 [26] [27]
June 22–23 Kyodo ------------ [28] [29]
June 22–23 Nikkei ------------ [30]
June 22–23 Yomiuri ------------ [31]
June 4–21 Yahoo! 5711682416103 [23]
June 17–19 Dwango & Line 57147125108110005 [21]
Approval (blue) and Disapproval (red) Ratings for Second and Third Abe Cabinet 2nd and 3rd Abe Cabinet Approval Disapproval Ratings.png
Approval (blue) and Disapproval (red) Ratings for Second and Third Abe Cabinet

Notable results

Results

37448714561165
O not upO wonRORO wonK wonLDP seats won [nb 1] KLDP seats not up [nb 2]

Important thresholds:

e    d  Summary of the 10 July 2016 Japanese House of Councillors election results [40] [41] [42]
PartyPre-electionSNTV/FPTP majoritarianD'Hondt proportionalSeats wonNew totalChange from
TotalNot upUpVotes [43] %SeatsVotes [43] %SeatsBefore 2013 2010
Ruling parties135765969145+10+10+42
Liberal Democratic Party LDP115655022,590,79339.94 %3620,114,78835.91 %1955120+5+5+36
Komeito K201194,263,4227.54 %77,572,96013.52 %71425+5+5+6
Revisionist opposition parties1082715+5(new +15)
+6 from JRP
(new +15)
Initiatives from Osaka 7523,303,4195.84 %35,153,5849.20 %4712+5(new +12)(new +12)
Party for Japanese Kokoro 330535,5170.95 %0734,0241.31 %0030(new +3)(new +3)
0 from SPJ
Anti-revisionist opposition parties
(joint nominations in single-member districts)
7927524067-12n/an/a
Democratic Party DP62174514,215,95625.14 %2111,751,01520.98 %113249-13(new +49)
-10 from DPJ
(new +49)
-57 from DPJ
Japanese Communist Party JCP11834,103,5147.26 %16,016,19510.74 %5614+3+3+8
People's Life Party PLP312not contested independently1,067,3011.91 %112-1-1(new +2)
Social Democratic Party SDP312289,8990.51 %01,536,2392.74 %112-1-1-2
New Renaissance Party NRP20260,4310.11 %0580,6531.04 %000-2-1-1
Happiness Realization Party HRP000963,5851.70 %0366,8150.65 %00000-1
Seitō shiji nashi ("no party supported")000127,3670.23 %0647,0711.16 %0000(new 0)(new 0)
Angry voice of the people00082,3570.15 %0466,7060.83 %0000(new 0)(new 0)
Others000279,6810.49 %0not contested00n/an/an/a
Assembly to Energize Japan AEJ321not contested02-1(new +2)
-16 from YP
(new +2)
-9 from YP
Okinawa Social Mass Party OSMP110not contested01000
Independents
(incl. some joint opposition-endorsed "independents"
& 1 successful LDP-endorsed "independent")
11745,739,45210.15 %5n/a512+1+9+10
Total (valid votes)24112112056,555,393100.00 %7356,007,353100.00 %48121242+1 (vacant)00
Turnout out of 106,202,873 eligible voters58,094,00554.70 %58,085,67854.69 %

Results by electoral district

Abbreviations and translations used in this table for (nominating – endorsing) parties:

DistrictMagnitudeIncumbentsWinners & runner-up [+incumbents if lower] with vote share (/votes for PR members)Gains & losses by party
Hokkaidō [46] 3 (+1) Gaku Hasegawa (L)
Eri Tokunaga (D)
Gaku Hasegawa (L – K) 25.5%
Eri Tokunaga (D) 22.0%
Yoshio Hachiro (D) 19.3%
Katsuhiro Kakiki (L – K, NPD) 19.0%
D +1
Aomori [47] 1 Tsutomu Yamazaki (L) Masayo Tanabu (D – S) 49.2%
Tsutomu Yamazaki (L – K) 47.9%
L -1
D +1
Iwate [48] 1 Ryō Shuhama (D) Eiji Kidoguchi (I – D, C, S, PLP) 53.3%
Shin'ichi Tanaka (L – K) 41.0%
D -1
I (opposition) +1
Miyagi [49] 1 (-1) Yutaka Kumagai (L)
Mitsuru Sakurai (D)
Mitsuru Sakurai (D – C, S, PLP) 51.1%
Yutaka Kumagai (L – K) 47.0%
L -1
Akita [50] 1 Hiroo Ishii (L)Hiroo Ishii (L – K) 53.9%
Daigo Matsuura (D – C, S) 44.0%
Yamagata [51] 1 Kōichi Kishi (L) Yasue Funayama (I – D, S) 59.0%
Kaoru Tsukino (L – K) 38.3%
L -1
I (opposition) +1
Fukushima [52] 1 (-1) Teruhiko Mashiko (D)
Mitsuhide Iwaki (L)
Teruhiko Mashiko (D – S) 50.5%
Mitsuhide Iwaki (L – K) 47.2%
L -1
Ibaraki [53] 2 Hiroshi Okada (L)
Akira Gunji (D)
Hiroshi Okada (L – K) 50.3%
Akira Gunji (D) 25.3%
Kyōko Kobayashi (C) 9.4%
Tochigi [54] 1 Michiko Ueno (L)Michiko Ueno (L – K) 58.9%
Takao Tanobe (I – D, C, S, PLP) 38.3%
Gunma [55] 1 Hirofumi Nakasone (L)Hirofumi Nakasone (L – K) 66.0%
Keinin Horikoshi (D – C, S) 31.1%
Saitama [56] 3 Masakazu Sekiguchi (L)
Makoto Nishida (K)
Motohiro Ōno (D)
Masakazu Sekiguchi (L) 29.2%
Motohiro Ōno (D – PLP) 22.0%
Makoto Nishida (K – L) 20.9%
Gaku Itō (C – PLP) 15.8%
Chiba [57] 3 Hiroyuki Konishi (D)
Kuniko Inoguchi (L)
Ken'ichi Mizuno (D)
Kuniko Inoguchi (L – K) 29.2%
Taiichirō Motoe (L – K) 22.1%
Hiroyuki Konishi (D) 18.1%
Fumiko Asano (C) 13.5%
Ken'ichi Mizuno (D) 12.1%
D -1
L +1
Tokyo [58] 6 (+1) Renhō (D)
Toshiko Takeya (K)
Masaharu Nakagawa (L)
Toshio Ogawa (D)
Kōta Matsuda (AEJ)
Renhō (D) 18.0%
Masaharu Nakagawa (L) 14.2%
Toshiko Takeya (K) 12.4%
Taku Yamazoe (C) 10.7%
Kentarō Asahi (L) 10.4%
Toshio Ogawa (D) 8.2%
Yasuo Tanaka (Osaka Ishin) 7.5%
...
Kazuyuki Hamada [nb 3] (I) 0.5%
AEJ -1
L +1
C +1
Kanagawa [59] 4 (+1) Akio Koizumi (L)
Kenji Nakanishi (I)
Yōichi Kaneko (D)
Junko Mihara (L) 24.5%
Nobuhiro Miura (K – L) 15.3%
Yūichi Mayama (D – PLP) 14.2%
Kenji Nakanishi (I – L) [nb 4] 12.8%
Yuka Asaka (C – PLP) 11.9%
Yōichi Kaneko (D – PLP) 10.9%
K +1
I (government) joins L
Niigata [60] 1 (-1) Naoki Tanaka (D)
Yaichi Nakahara (L)
Yūko Mori (I – D, C, S, PLP) 49.0%
Yaichi Nakahara (L – K) 48.8%
L -1
D -1
I (opposition) +1
Toyama [61] 1 Kōtarō Nogami (L)Kōtarō Nogami (L – K) 69.2%
Etsuko Dōyō (I – D, C, S, PLP) 27.4%
Ishikawa [62] 1 Naoki Okada (L)Naoki Okada (L – K) 61.7%
Miki Shibata (I – D, C, S, PLP) 36.0%
Fukui [63] 1 Masaaki Yamazaki (L)Masaaki Yamazaki (L – K) 60.1%
Tatsuhiro Yokoyama (I – D, S) 36.3%
Yamanashi [64] 1 Azuma Koshiishi (D) Yuka Miyazawa (D – C, S) 43.0%
Tsuyoshi Takano (L – K) 37.8%
Nagano [65] 1 (-1) Kenta Wakabayashi (L)
Toshimi Kitazawa (D)
Hideya Sugio (D – C, S) 52.5%
Kenta Wakabayashi (L – K) 45.7%
L -1
Gifu [66] 1 (-1) Takeyuki Watanabe (L)
Yoshiharu Komiyama (D)
Takeyuki Watanabe (L – K) 55.8%
Yoshiharu Komiyama (D – C, S, PLP) 40.9%
D -1
Shizuoka [67] 2 Shigeki Iwai (L)
Yūji Fujimoto (D)
Shigeki Iwai (L – K) 44.3%
Sachiko Hirayama (D – S) 41.0%
Chika Suzuki (C) 10.2%
Aichi [68] 4 (+1) Mashito Fujikawa (L)
Yoshitaka Saitō (D)
Misako Yasui (D)
Masahito Fujikawa (L) 29.3%
Yoshitaka Saitō (D) 17.5%
Ryūji Satomi (K – L) 16.2%
Takae Itō (D) 15.8%
Hatsumi Suyama (C) 9.2%
K +1
Mie [69] 1 Hirokazu Shiba (D)Hirokazu Shiba (D) 49.7%
Sachiko Yamamoto (L – K) 47.5%
Shiga [70] 1 Kumiko Hayashi (D) Takashi Koyari (L – K) 52.2%
Kumiko Hayashi (D – C, S) 45.8%
D -1
L +1
Kyoto [71] 2 Tetsurō Fukuyama (D)
Satoshi Ninoyu (L)
Satoshi Ninoyu (L – K) 40.0%
Tetsurō Fukuyama (D – S) 36.9%
Toshitaka Ōkawara (C) 20.0%
Osaka [72] 4 (+1) Issei Kitagawa (L)
Tomoyuki Odachi (D)
Hirotaka Ishikawa (K)
Rui Matsukawa (L) 20.4%
Hitoshi Asada (Osaka Ishin) 19.5%
Hirotaka Ishikawa (K) 18.2%
Kaori Takagi (Osaka Ishin) 17.9%
Yui Watanabe (C – PLP) 12.2%
Tomoyuki Odachi (D – PLP) 9.3%
D -1
Osaka Ishin +2
Hyōgo [73] 3 (+1) Shinsuke Suematsu (L)
Shun'ichi Mizuoka (D)
Shinsuke Suematsu (L) 26.3%
Takae Itō (L – K) 22.2%
Daisuke Katayama (Osaka Ishin) 21.8%
Shun'ichi Mizuoka (D) 17.2%
D -1
L +1
Osaka Ishin +1
Nara [74] 1 Kiyoshige Maekawa (D) Kei Satō (L – K) 45.5%
Kiyoshige Makawa (D – C, S, PLP) 33.7%
D -1
L +1
Wakayama [75] 1 Yōsuke Tsuruho (L)Yōsuke Tsuruho (L – K) 69.2%
Takanobu Yura (I – C, S, PLP) 26.1%
Tottori-Shimane [76] 1 (-1 combined)From Tottori: Kazuyuki Hamada (I)
From Shimane: Kazuhiko Aoki (L)
Kazuhiko Aoki (L – K) 62.7%
Hirohiko Fukushima (I – D, C, S, PLP) 34.7%
I -1
Okayama [77] 1 Satsuki Eda (D) Kimi Onoda (L – K) 55.6%
Kentarō Kuroishi (D - C, S) 41.9%
D -1
L +1
Hiroshima [78] 2 Yōichi Miyazawa (L)
Minoru Yanagida (D)
Yōichi Miyazawa (L – K) 49.8%
Minoru Yanagida (D – S) 23.1%
Kana Haioka (Osaka Ishin) 13.8%
Yamaguchi [79] 1 Kiyoshi Ejima (L) Kiyoshi Ejima (L – K) 64.0%
Atsushi Kōketsu (I – D, C, S) 29.8%
Tokushima-Kōchi [80] 1 (-1 combined)From Tokushima: Yūsuke Nakanishi (L)
From Kōchi: Hajime Hirota (D)
Yūsuke Nakanishi (L) 54.1%
Sō Ōnishi (I – D, C, S) 42.9%
D -1
Kagawa [81] 1 Yoshihiko Isozaki (L)Yoshihiko Isozaki (L – K) 65.1%
Ken'ichi Tanabe (C – S, PLP) 26.1%
Ehime [82] 1 Junzō Yamamoto (L)Junzō Yamamoto (L – K) 49.6%
Takako Nagae (I – D, S) 48.3%
Fukuoka [83] 3 (+1) Satoshi Ōie (L)
Tsutomu Ōkubo (D)
Yukihito Koga (D) 30.7%
Satoshi Ōie (L) 29.3%
Hiromi Takase (K – L) 21.4%
Masako Shibata (C) 9.0%
K +1
Saga [84] 1 Takamaro Fukuoka (L)Takamaro Fukuoka (L – K) 65.6%
Tetsuji Nakamura (D – S) 31.3%
Nagasaki [85] 1 Genjirō Kaneko (L)Genjirō Kaneko (L – K) 52.9%
Hideko Nishioka (D – S, PLP) 44.9%
Kumamoto [86] 1 Yoshifumi Matsumura (L)Yoshifumi Matsumura (L – K) 59.1%
Hiromi Abe (I – D, C, S) 36.1%
Ōita [87] 1 Shin'ya Adachi (D)Shin'ya Adachi (D) 48.1
Harutomo Koshō (L – K) 47.9%
Miyazaki [88] 1 Shinpei Matsushita (L)Shinpei Matsushita (L – K) 62.0%
Yōji Yomiyama (I – D, S) 33.5%
Kagoshima [89] 1 Tetsurō Nomura (L)Tetsurō Nomura (L – K) 59.0%
Kazumi Shimomachi (I – D, C, S) 29.2%
Okinawa [90] 1 Aiko Shimajiri (L) Yōichi Iha (I) 57.8%
Aiko Shimajiri (L - K) 40.6%
L -1
I (opposition) +1
National 48(pre-election by parliamentary group, not by party) [nb 5]
D 18
L 12
K 6
C 3
Osaka Ishin 2
S 2
AEJ 1
PLP 1
NRP 1
I 2)
L 35.9% of proportional votes→19 seats: [91]
Masayuki Tokushige 521,060
Shigeharu Aoyama 481,890
Satsuki Katayama 393,382
Satoshi Nakanishi 392,433
Eriko Imai 319,359
Toshiyuki Adachi 293,735
Eriko Yamatani 249,844
Shin'ya Fujiki 236,119
Hanako Jimi 210,562
Kanehiko Shindō 182,467
Emiko Takagai 177,810
Hiroshi Yamada 149,833
Toshiyuki Fujii 142,132
Masashi Adachi 139,110
Takashi Uto 137,993
Katsumi Ogawa 130,101
Yoshifumi Miyajima 122,833
Toshiei Mizuochi 114,485
Shūkō Sonoda 101,154
Isao Takeuchi 87,578
...
Tsuneo Horiuchi 84,597
(change from last election 2010)
L +7
D (from DPJ) -5
K +1
C +2
Osaka Ishin (new +4)
S -1
PLP (new +1)
NRP -1
Kokoro (from Sunrise) -1
YP (defunct, now D/OIshin/Kokoro/L/I) -7
D 21.0% of proportional votes→11 seats: [92]
Masao Kobayashi 270,285
Makoto Hamaguchi 266,623
Wakako Yata 215,823
Yoshifu Arita 205,884
Nakanori Kawai 196,023
Shōji Nanba 191,823
Takashi Esaki 184,187
Masayoshi Nataniya 176,683
Michihiro Ishibashi 171,486
Kenzō Fujisue 143,188
Shinkun Haku 138,813
Kaoru Tashiro 113,571
...
Naoki Tanaka 86,596
Takumi Shibata 73,166
...
Takeshi Maeda 59,853
Jirō Ono 46,213
Masami Nishimura 38,899
K 13.5% of proportional votes→7 seats: [93]
Hiroaki Nagasawa 942,266
Kōzō Akino 612,068
Shin'ichi Yokoyama 606,889
Seishi Kumano 605,223
Masaaki Taniai 478,174
Masayoshi Hamada 388,477
Masaru Miyazaki 18,571
Shinji Takeuchi 7,489
C 10.7% of proportional votes→5 seats: [94]
Tadayoshi Ichida 77,348
Tomoko Tamura 49,113
Mikishi Daimon 33,078
Tomo Iwabuchi 31,099
Ryōsuke Takeda 23,938
Tomoko Okuda 23,680
Osaka Ishin 9.2% of proportional votes→4 seats: [95]
Toranosuke Katayama 194,902
Yoshimi Watanabe 143,343
Mitsuko Ishii 68,147
Akira Ishii 50,073
Tsuyoshi Gibu 43,679
S 2.7% of proportional votes→1 seat: [96]
Mizuho Fukushima 254,956
Tadatomo Yoshida 153,197
PLP 1.9% of proportional votes→1 seat: [97]
Ai Aoki 109,050
Yumiko Himei 16,116
Incumbents on other party lists without seat:
Kokoro (1,3%): none [98]
Support no party (1.2%): none [99]
NRP (1.0%): Tarō Yamada, Hiroyuki Arai [100]
Angry voice of the people (0.8%): none [101]
HRP (0.7%): none [102]
  1. Incl. Kenji Nakanishi (I – Kanagawa) who was retroactively nominated on election night
  2. Excluding Tatsuo Hirano (I – Iwate) who joined the LDP a few days after the election bringing the LDP to 122 [and thus the first numerical Senate majority since 1989]
  3. incumbent from Tottori
  4. retroactively nominated by the LDP on election night
  5. seats up 2016 from House of Councillors website as of June 2016

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