Japanese rubyfish

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Japanese rubyfish
Erythrocles schlegelii pakistan.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Acanthuriformes
Family: Emmelichthyidae
Genus: Erythrocles
Species:
E. schlegelii
Binomial name
Erythrocles schlegelii
(Richardson, 1846)
Synonyms [2]
  • Emmelichthys schlegelii Richardson, 1846
  • Erythrichthys schlegelii Günther, 1859

The Japanese rubyfish (Erythrocles schlegelii) also known as the Pacific rover or dusky rover, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers, bonnetmouths and rubyfishes. This fish is found in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans.

Contents

Taxonomy

The Japanese rubyfish was first formally described as Emmelichthys schlegelii by the Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and Arctic explorer Sir John Richardson with its type locality given as Nagasaki. Richardson based his description on an illustration of a fish in part7-9 of their volume on Pisces of the Fauna Japonica by Coenraad Jacob Temminck and Hermann Schlegel which they called called Erythrichthys but did not give a specific name to, [3] Richardson named it in Schlegel's honour. [4] In 1859 Albert Günther also gave the name Erythrichthys schlegelii to the illustration by Temminck and Schlegel with its type locality as the Sea of Japan, without citing Richardson, 1846, in his Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. In 1919 David Starr Jordan replaced the generic name Erythrichthys with Erythrocles as Erythrichthys was preoccupied by Erythrichthys Bonaparte, 1831. This species is the type species of the genus Erythrocles. [5] The genus Erythrocles is classified in the family Emmelichtyidae in the order Acanthuriformes. [6]

Description

The Japanese rubyfish has an oblong body that has a depth of one-fifth to one-third of its standard length and which is less than the length of the head. The dorsal fin is incised to its base immediately before the last dorsal fin spine. The first dorsal fin contains 10 spines with the second dorsal fin having a single spine and between 10 and 12 soft rays. [7] The anal fin has 3 spines and 9 or 10 soft rays. [8] The caudal peduncle has a low, fleshy ridge on each side. The front of the lower jaw typically has a row of tiny teeth. [7] They are bluish grey on the upper body, silvery white with pinkish hue ventrallu with reddish orange caudal and pectoral fins. This species has reached a maximum published total length of 72 cm (28 in). [2]

Distribution and habitat

The Japanese rubyfish has an Indo-West Pacific distribution. It is found in eastern Africa where it has been recorded from South Africa, Madagascar and Kenya east as far as Hawaii, north to southern Japan and south to Australia. [1] In Australia it occurs from Rottnest Island in Western Australia around the northern tropical coast as far as Moreton Bay in Queensland and Lord Howe Island. [8] This is a demersal fish found in deep waters at depths of 215 to 300 m (705 to 984 ft). [2]

Biology

The Japanese rubyfish has been reported to feed mainly on shrimps in the family Sergestidae, as well as on small mesopelagic lanternfishes, snaggletooths and barracudinas. Off the Philippines, in the photic zone. the larvae and juvenlies of this species have been photographed in close association with the pelagic salp Pegea confoederata . These young fishes either drift beside a colony of salps or live within the cavities of individual members of the colony. [8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Emmelichthyidae</span> Family of fishes

Emmelichthyidae is a small family of small to medium-sized marine ray-finned fishes known commonly as rovers, bonnetmouths or rubyfishes.

<i>Emmelichthys nitidus</i> Species of fish

Emmelichthys nitidus, the Cape bonnetmouth, bonnetmouth, redbait, pearl fish, picarel, red baitfish, red herring or Southern rover, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers and bonnetmouths. This species is found in the Indian and Pacific oceans. This species is of minor importance to commercial fisheries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rubyfish</span> Species of fish

The rubyfish, also known as the cosmopolitan rubyfish, red ruby or ruby rover, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers, bonnetmouths and rubyfishes. This species is found from the southeastern Atlantic Ocean off South Africa through the Indian Ocean to the southwestern Pacific Ocean around Australia and New Zealand. This species is commercially important.

<i>Cirrhitichthys aureus</i> Species of fish

Cirrhitichthys aureus, the yellow hawkfish, the golden hawkfish or golden curlyfin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a hawkfish belonging to the family Cirrhitidae. It is native to tropical reefs of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Pterygotrigla</i> Genus of fishes

Pterygotrigla is a genus of genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins, one of two genera belonging to the subfamily Pterygotriglinae. These gurnards are found in the Indian and Pacific oceans.

<i>Hapalogenys</i> Genus of fishes

Hapalogenys, the barbeled grunters or velveltchins, is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, it is the only genus in the monotypic family Hapalogenyidae, also spelled Hapalogeniidae. The species of this genus are found in depths between 30 and 230 m in coastal areas and river mouths from the shores of southern Japan to the Bay of Bengal and Northwestern Australia.

<i>Dicentrarchus</i> Genus of fishes

Dicentrarchus is a genus of ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Moronidae, the temperate basses. The two species in this genus are found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. The species in this genus are economically important food fishes.

The dusky velvetfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a velvetfish belonging to the family Aploactinidae. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Aploactis. This species is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Acanthocepola</i> Genus of fishes

Acanthocepola is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cepolidae, the bandfishes. They are native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Emmelichthys</i> Genus of fishes

Emmelichthys is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers and bonnetmouths. The species in this genus are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Erythrocles</i> Genus of fishes

Erythrocles is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers, bonnetmouths or rubyfishes. The fishes in this genus are found in the western Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans.

<i>Plagiogeneion</i> Genus of fishes

Plagiogeneion i is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers, bonnetmouths or rubyfishes. The fishes in this genus are found in the southeastern Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans.

Cepola schlegelii i is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cepolidae, the bandfishes. It is found in the Indo-West Pacific region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blackspotted croaker</span> Species of fish

The blackspotted croaker, also known in Australia as the black jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Protonibea.

<i>Johnius amblycephalus</i> Species of fish

Johnius amblycephalus, the bearded croaker, also known as the green-backed croaker or sharp-nosed jewfish, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Hapalogenys nigripinnis</i> Species of fish

Hapalogenys nigripinnis, the short barbeled velvetchin or short barbeled grunter is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a velvetchin belonging to the family Hapalogenyidae. It is found in the north western Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blackspotted gurnard</span> Species of fish

The blackspotted gurnard, also known as the half-spotted gurnard, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

The Atlantic rubyfish, also known as the crimson rover, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers, bonnetmouths and rubyfishes. This fish is found in the eastern and western central Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Johnius carutta</i> Species of fish

Johnius carutta, the karut croaker or purple jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuja bola</span> Species of fish

The cuja bola is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the northern Indian Ocean in India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Macrospinosa.

References

  1. 1 2 Al Abdali, F.S.H.; Al Buwaiqi, B.; Al Kindi, A.S.M.; et al. (2019). "Erythrocles schlegelii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T123426960A123494662. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T123426960A123494662.en . Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Erythrocles schlegelii". FishBase . February 2023 version.
  3. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Erythrocles". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  4. ↑ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (9 March 2023). "Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  5. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Emmelichthyidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  6. ↑ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
  7. 1 2 Philip C. Heemstra (2022). "Family Emmelichthyidae, Rovers". In P.C. Heemstra; et al. (eds.). Coastal fishes of the western Indian Ocean. Volume 4 (PDF). South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 25–28. ISBN   978-1-990951-31-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-03-20. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
  8. 1 2 3 Bray, D.J. (2022). "Erythrocles schlegelii". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
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